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Within minutes of the crash, McKinney sent a radiological health inspector to check the site for any radiation sources. He reached Richard Borri, a senior scientist in the department’s office of Radiological Health, who like most people from DOH, was on his way to work when the first tower was hit.
“While I was walking down Church Street, with all my instruments, I came within 1000 feet of the South Tower, and unfortunately the building came down,” says Borri, sounding every bit the unruffled scientist. “It’s a good thing I walked slowly.”
That was fortunately not the case, Borri found, using a portable liquid scintillation counter, which measures radioactivity like a Geiger counter. The high-tech portable gadget he carried, one of the few available in the United States, is far more precise than its century-old cousin, the Geiger, counter with a much more refined ability to detect any kind of radioactivity.
Although Borri didn’t turn up any problematic radioactive readings by the end of the day, his work would be supplemented by the federal Department of Energy, whose technicians remained on site and continued to sample. [Only during the last days of the Ground Zero cleanup would radioactive testers find any evidence of radioactive emissions, from a pharmacy laboratory located within one of the buildings.]
At this point it was utter chaos trying to find people and get organized. It took a while to re-organize and find some people and get working on the rubble to look for survivors. A total recall was ordered and upon the arrival of a few more Haz-Mat guys we performed quick surveys of the perimeter in two teams of four checking for radiation, nerve and blister agent, all results were negative. We then began digging for survivors.
A major concern was that terrorists could have unleashed a so-called “dirty bomb,” an explosive device containing radioactive compounds like cesium.
Within minutes of the crash, McKinney sent a radiological health inspector to check the site for any radiation sources. He reached Richard Borri, a senior scientist in the department’s office of Radiological Health, who like most people from DOH, was on his way to work when the first tower was hit.
That was fortunately not the case, Borri found, using a portable liquid scintillation counter, which measures radioactivity like a Geiger counter. The high-tech portable gadget he carried, one of the few available in the United States, is far more precise than its century-old cousin, the Geiger, counter with a much more refined ability to detect any kind of radioactivity.
Liquid scintillation counting is a standard laboratory method in the life-sciences for measuring radiation from beta-emitting nuclides. Scintillating materials are also used in differently constructed "counters" in many other fields.
Counting efficiencies under ideal conditions range from about 30% for tritium (a low-energy beta emitter) to nearly 100% for phosphorus-32, a high-energy beta emitter. Some chemical compounds (notably chlorine compounds) and highly colored samples can interfere with the counting process. This interference, known as "quenching", can be overcome through data correction or through careful sample preparation.
A July, 1990 report from the U.S. Army Armament, Munitions, and Chemical Command notes depleted uranium is a" low level alpha radiation emitter which is linked to cancer when exposures are internal, [and] chemical toxicity causing kidney damage."
Cesium-137 is one of the most common radioisotopes used in industry. Thousands of devices use cesium-137:
moisture-density gauges, widely used in the construction industry
leveling gauges, used in industries to detect liquid flow in pipes and tanks
thickness gauges, for measuring thickness of sheet metal, paper, film and many other products
well-logging devices in the drilling industry to help characterize rock strata
Cesium-137 is also used in medical therapy to treat cancer.
Cesium-137 undergoes radioactive decay with the emission of beta particles and relatively strong gamma radiation.
I find this account hard to believe. "Terrorists", within minutes of the first crash? Maybe he had inside knowledge. I find it hard to take this at face value, but I will look at it in more detail.
The Wall Street bombing occurred at 12:01 p.m. on September 16, 1920, in the Financial District of New York City. The blast killed 38 and seriously injured 143. Although the bombing was never solved, investigators and historians think it likely the Wall Street bombing was carried out by Galleanists (Italian anarchists), a group responsible for a series of bombings the previous year. The attack was related to postwar social unrest, labor struggles and anti-capitalist agitation in the United States
The Wall Street bomb caused more fatalities than the bombing of the Los Angeles Times building in 1910, and was the deadliest act of terrorism on U.S. soil up to that point .
1980 June 3: Bombing of the Statue of Liberty. At 7:30 p.m., a time delayed explosive device detonated in the Statue of Liberty's Story Room. Detonated after business hours, the bomb did not injure anyone, but caused $18,000 in damage, destroying many of the exhibits. The room was sealed off and left unrepaired until the Statue of Liberty restoration project that began years later. FBI investigators believed the perpetrators were Croatian terrorists seeking independence for Croatia from Yugoslavia, though no arrests were made.
On December 29, 1975, at 6:33pm a bomb with the equivalent of 25 sticks of dynamite exploded in the main terminal at LaGuardia Airport, killing 11 and injuring 79. The bomb had been placed in a locker adjacent to a luggage carousel. At the time, suspects included the FALN, the Jewish Defense League, the Palestinian Liberation Organization, and the Croatian nationalist Zvonko Busic. The bombing remains unsolved.[2]
The 1993 World Trade Center bombing occurred on February 26, 1993, when a truck bomb was detonated below the North Tower of the World Trade Center in New York City. The 1,336 lb (606 kg) urea nitrate–hydrogen gas enhanced device[was intended to knock the North Tower (Tower One) into the South Tower (Tower Two), bringing both towers down and killing thousands of people. It failed to do so, but did kill six people and injured more than a thousand. The attack was planned by a group of conspirators including Ramzi Yousef, Mahmud Abouhalima, Mohammad Salameh, Nidal A. Ayyad, Abdul Rahman Yasin and Ahmad Ajaj. They received financing from Khaled Sheikh Mohammed, Yousef's uncle. In March 1994, four men were convicted of carrying out the bombing: Abouhalima, Ajaj, Ayyad and Salameh. The charges included conspiracy, explosive destruction of property and interstate transportation of explosives. In November 1997, two more were convicted: Yousef, the mastermind behind the bombings, and Eyad Ismoil, who drove the truck carrying the bomb.
Caesium-137 (137 55Cs, Cs-137) is a radioactive isotope of caesium which is formed as a fission product by nuclear fission.
It has a half-life of about 30.17 years, and decays by beta emission to a metastable nuclear isomer of barium-137: barium-137m (137mBa, Ba-137m). (About 95 percent of the nuclear decay leads to this isomer. The other 5.0 percent directly populates the ground state, which is stable.) Ba-137m has a half-life of about 153 seconds, and it is responsible for all of the emissions of gamma rays. One gram of caesium-137 has an activity of 3.215 terabecquerel (TBq).
Originally posted by thedman
reply to post by WarminIndy
You are thinking of low energy (soft ) X ray radiaition being emitted from older model TV sets/monitors
To fix that most of tubes were made using leaded glass to block the X ray emissions
Because of that older mod CRT are considered hazardous waste requiring special disposal
Originally posted by pteridine
reply to post by WarminIndy
X-rays are only emitted when the CRT's are operating, much like x-ray machines in medical offices. The collision of an electron beam with a target material produces the X-rays.
Originally posted by WarminIndy
Originally posted by pteridine
reply to post by WarminIndy
X-rays are only emitted when the CRT's are operating, much like x-ray machines in medical offices. The collision of an electron beam with a target material produces the X-rays.
I see. That does make sense to me. Still with that amount of substances in the dust and rubble it would definitely lead to health issues for the first responders.
Originally posted by pteridine
Originally posted by WarminIndy
Originally posted by pteridine
reply to post by WarminIndy
That is true. Materials from fluorescent lights, alone, would be substantial. Redispersed dust and pyrolyzed materials in the underground fires would also add to the mix.
The attempt to link complex medical symtoms with root cause is the failure of the OP. Some people are sick for some unknown reason in an area where depleted U was used in projectiles. Some other people in another area are also sick for some unknown reason. The false conclusion is that depleted U is causing the illness in both cases.
The chemical makeup of the dust samples, although quite variable, reflects the chemical contributions of mate-rials used in building construction or found in buildings, such as glass fibers, concrete, gyspum wallboard, steel girders, wiring, ductwork, electronics, computers, paper, and many others.
The mean concentrations of some heavy metals in the WTC dust samples (such as antimony, molybdenum, zinc, copper, lead, chromium, manganese, nickel, and barium) are relatively high compared to their mean concentrations in natural soils from the eastern United States.
Originally posted by ipsedixit
Checking the table in this publication, of the chemical composition of the WTC dust is a difficult thing to do casually, because all the chemical names are printed sideways. But if one reads down the list of constituents of the dust, by weight, one finds that there is actually more barium and strontium in the dust than copper!!!!, this from a building that would have huge amounts of copper wiring in it.
Barium and strontium are the products of nuclear fission.
Originally posted by ipsedixit
The more I read about the nuclear angle on the WTC 9/11 incident, the more disgusted I become.
I won't post LaBTop's comments with regard to this publication, but he asks some very relevant questions that indicate that he believes that the USGS were on a leash when they did this study of WTC dust. The following quote from their report, linked above, is very revealing.
The chemical makeup of the dust samples, although quite variable, reflects the chemical contributions of mate-rials used in building construction or found in buildings, such as glass fibers, concrete, gyspum wallboard, steel girders, wiring, ductwork, electronics, computers, paper, and many others.
The mean concentrations of some heavy metals in the WTC dust samples (such as antimony, molybdenum, zinc, copper, lead, chromium, manganese, nickel, and barium) are relatively high compared to their mean concentrations in natural soils from the eastern United States.
I think what is going on here is that under duress to remain silent, the USGS is doing their best to draw people's attention to the heavy metals in the WTC dust without running afoul of the criminal element at the top of the Bush administration.
Checking the table in this publication, of the chemical composition of the WTC dust is a difficult thing to do casually, because all the chemical names are printed sideways. But if one reads down the list of constituents of the dust, by weight, one finds that there is actually more barium and strontium in the dust than copper!!!!, this from a building that would have huge amounts of copper wiring in it.
Barium and strontium are the products of nuclear fission.
The USGS remit was to look for asbestos, a well known health hazard, as an aid to deciding what precautions the clean-up crew should take. They do find asbestos, but they also find high amounts of radioactive barium and strontium, higher than copper for heaven's sake, and they are limited to a very understated aknowledgement of it's presence, designed to alert only the educated and knowledgeable in nuclear matters.
This is a shame and an outrage. Poor Americans. Thank God the Canadian government hasn't sunk that low, at least not to my knowledge.
There were four distinct models of the basic W54 design used, each with different yield, but the same basic design. These were:
Mk-54 (Davy Crockett) — 10 or 20 ton yield, Davy Crockett artillery warhead
Mk-54 (SADM) — variable yield 10 ton to 1 kiloton, Special Atomic Demolition Munition device
W-54 — 250 ton yield, warhead for AIM-26 Falcon air to air missile
W72 — 600 ton yield, rebuilt W-54 (Falcon warhead) for AGM-62 Walleye
Specifications
All four variants share the same basic core: a nuclear system which is 10.75 inches diameter (270 mm), about 15.7 inches long (400 mm), and weighs around or slightly over 50 pounds (23 kg).