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A verneshot is a hypothetical volcanic eruption event which launches an extremely large rock into a sub-orbital trajectory.
According to the Department of Marine Geodynamics at GeoMar, Kiel such an event could be triggered by an explosion caused by a mantle plume under a craton in an area of continental rift. Verneshots are one possible cause for extinction level events.
The verneshot theory is that gas seeps up deep underground in an upwelling of magma like the hotspot which formed Hawaii but on a much larger scale. It is trapped beneath impenetrable rock known as a craton (continental plate rock). As pressure builds up, the gas cracks the craton and blasts out at immense velocity. This gas would poison the atmosphere and cause a massive earthquake, enough to level mountain ranges.
Originally posted by ressiv
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The planet's volcanic chains responsible for the most devastating eruptions in history, such as that of Krakatoa in 1883, and the huge eruption of Toba about 74,000 years ago, whose aftermath may have come close to extinguishing the human race, have been discovered aligned above narrow regions in the mantle where water-free melting can take place....Using a mathematical model of heat transport in the regions where two plates collide, an Oxford University team showed that the observed geometrical pattern can only be explained if the volcanoes are localized above the narrow regions in which mantle melts in the absence of water. Melt rising from this region blazes a trail for more water-rich magma to follow all the way to the surface where it erupts to form volcanoes.
In addition to hosting devastating eruptions, the volcanic chains hold valuable clues to the evolution of the earth, because they are the surface expressions of a gigantic chemical factory in which molten rock separates from the mantle to solidify as the crust we live on, and from which significant volumes of gas are emitted into the atmosphere. The team now intends to investigate the implications of their results for the chemical processes happening deep beneath the volcanic chains.
Originally posted by Robin Marks
It's obvious that God's paintbrush is nature. But what's just as amazing, and mostly forgetten, is that God's pencil and eraser is vulcanism.