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Refiners in the United States started adding lead compounds to gasoline in the 1920s in
order to boost octane levels and improve engine performance by reducing engine ‘knock’ and
allowing higher engine compression.1 Lead was used because it was inexpensive for boosting
octane relative to other fuel additives (i.e., ethanol and other alcohol-based additives), and
because people were ignorant of the dangers of lead emissions, which include mental retardation
and hypertension. The reduction in lead in gasoline in the United States came in response to two
main factors: (1) the mandatory use of unleaded gasoline to protect catalytic converters in all
cars starting with the 1975 model year; and (2) increased awareness of the negative human health
effects of lead, leading to the phasedown of lead in leaded gasoline in the 1980s.
Meanwhile, workers in the plants that produced Ethyl had hallucinations and went crazy — according to the plant manager, because they were “working too hard.” There are just tons of fascinating details like that. Somebody should make a movie of it. You can read a short, lively account of it here, or a longer, more academic version here [PDF].
Aside from the entertainment value, though, the important thing to note is that there were in fact concerns about the safety of lead additives even back in the 1920s when they were being developed. Big companies colluded with government to cover up and lie about the dangers, thus resulting in untold lost human potential and an enormous crime wave that cost the country billions.
§ the severe health hazards of leaded gasoline were known to its makers and clearly identified by the US public health community more than seventy-five years ago, but were steadfastly denied by the makers, because they couldn’t be immediately quantified;
§ other, safer antiknock additives–used to increase gasoline octane and counter engine “knock”–were known and available to oil companies and the makers of lead antiknocks before the lead additive was discovered, but they were covered up and denied, then fought, suppressed and unfairly maligned for decades to follow;
§ the US government was fully apprised of leaded gasoline’s potentially hazardous effects and was aware of available alternatives, yet was complicit in the cover-up and even actively assisted the profiteers in spreading the use of leaded gasoline to foreign countries;
§ the benefits of lead antiknock additives were wildly and knowingly overstated in the beginning, and continue to be. Lead is not only bad for the planet and all its life forms, it is actually bad for cars and always was;
§ for more than four decades, all scientific research regarding the health implications of leaded gasoline was underwritten and controlled by the original lead cabal–Du Pont, GM and Standard Oil; such research invariably favored the industry’s pro-lead views, but was from the outset fatally flawed; independent scientists who would finally catch up with the earlier work’s infirmities and debunk them were–and continue to be–threatened and defamed by the lead interests and their hired hands
Nevin dove in further, digging up detailed data on lead emissions and crime rates to see if the similarity of the curves was as good as it seemed. It turned out to be even better: In a 2000 paper (PDF) he concluded that if you add a lag time of 23 years, lead emissions from automobiles explain 90 percent of the variation in violent crime in America. Toddlers who ingested high levels of lead in the ’40s and ’50s really were more likely to become violent criminals in the ’60s, ’70s, and ’80s.
While Biden framed his mandate as one covering all federal workers and all companies with more than 100 staff, he forgot to mention that any labor union that is instrumental in keeping the Democrats in power would be granted a very "unscientific" exemption. The loophole in question, according to the report, according to the White House source, is that the "USPS has a separate statutory scheme and is traditionally independent of federal personnel actions like this" even though postal workers would be strongly encouraged to comply with the mandate. Paradoxically, the WaPo also notes that this "explainer" is in conflict with reality: after all, the Postal Service is an independent agency of the executive branch, and it is required to be specifically included in executive orders that apply to working conditions for federal employees.
originally posted by: RelSciHistItSufi
a reply to: Guyfriday
We seem to be waiting for that moment in the "Emperor's new clothes" where someone says "Look, he's naked!"
Off for some zeds
In late 18th-Century Europe, a new fashion led to an international scandal. In fact, an entire social class was accused of appearing in public naked.
The culprit was Dhaka muslin, a precious fabric imported from the city of the same name in what is now Bangladesh, then in Bengal. It was not like the muslin of today. Made via an elaborate, 16-step process with a rare cotton that only grew along the banks of the holy Meghna river, the cloth was considered one of the great treasures of the age. It had a truly global patronage, stretching back thousands of years – deemed worthy of clothing statues of goddesses in ancient Greece, countless emperors from distant lands, and generations of local Mughal royalty.
There were many different types, but the finest were honoured with evocative names conjured up by imperial poets, such as "baft-hawa", literally "woven air". These high-end muslins were said to be as light and soft as the wind. According to one traveller, they were so fluid you could pull a bolt – a length of 300ft, or 91m – through the centre of a ring. Another wrote that you could fit a piece of 60ft, or 18m, into a pocket snuff box.
First the company replaced the region’s usual customers with those from the British Empire. "They really put a stranglehold on its production and came to control the whole trade," says Ashmore. Then they came down hard on the industry, pressurising the weavers to produce higher volumes of the fabric at lower prices.
"You needed such a special skill to convert it [Phuti karpas] into cloth," says Islam. "It's a very arduous, expensive process – and at the end of the day, after all that you'd only get about eight grammes of fine muslin for one kilogramme of cotton."
As weavers struggled to keep up with these demands, they fell into debt, explains Ashmore. They were paid upfront for the cloth, which could take up to a year to make. But if the fabric was not considered to be up to the required standard, they would have to pay it all back. "They could never really keep up with these debt repayments," she says.
The final blow came from competition. Colonial enterprises such as the East India Company had been engaged in documenting the industries they relied on for years, and muslin was no exception. Every step of the process of making the fabric was recorded in meticulous detail.
As the European thirst for luxury fabrics increased, there was an incentive to make cheaper versions closer to home. In the county of Lancashire in northwest England, the textile baron Samuel Oldknow combined the British Empire’s insider knowledge with state-of-the-art technology, the spinning wheel, to supply Londoners with vast quantities. By 1784, he had 1,000 weavers working for him.
Though the British-made muslin didn’t come close to Dhaka’s original – it was made with ordinary cotton, and woven at significantly lower thread counts – the combination of decades of mistreatment and a sudden decline in the need for imported textiles killed it off for good.
As war, poverty, and earthquakes struck the region, some weavers switched to making lower-quality fabrics, while others became full-time farmers instead. In the end, the whole enterprise collapsed.
"I think it’s important to remember that it was really a family occupation – we often talk about the weavers and how fantastic they were, but behind their work was the women, doing the spinning," says Hameeda Hossain, a human rights activist who has written a book about the muslin industry in Bengal. "So the industry involved a lot of people."
As the generations passed, the knowledge of how to make Dhaka muslin was forgotten. And with no one to spin its silky threads, the phuti karpas plant, which had always been hard to tame – no one had been able to grow it away from the Meghna river – retreated back into wild obscurity. The legend of the loom was no more.
originally posted by: RelSciHistItSufi
a reply to: Guyfriday
Just seen this... Biden Exempts Over 600,000 USPS Workers From Federal Mandatory Vaccination Order
While Biden framed his mandate as one covering all federal workers and all companies with more than 100 staff, he forgot to mention that any labor union that is instrumental in keeping the Democrats in power would be granted a very "unscientific" exemption. The loophole in question, according to the report, according to the White House source, is that the "USPS has a separate statutory scheme and is traditionally independent of federal personnel actions like this" even though postal workers would be strongly encouraged to comply with the mandate. Paradoxically, the WaPo also notes that this "explainer" is in conflict with reality: after all, the Postal Service is an independent agency of the executive branch, and it is required to be specifically included in executive orders that apply to working conditions for federal employees.
originally posted by: RelSciHistItSufi
a reply to: Guyfriday
Just seen this... Biden Exempts Over 600,000 USPS Workers From Federal Mandatory Vaccination Order
Disclose.tv
@disclosetv
2h
JUST IN - Trump speaks on the 20th Anniversary of 9/11.
originally posted by: ScreaminSquirrel
I’ve been reading here for a while And other boards as well and I don’t mean to intrude, I’m sure this was posted in the beginning. Just wanted to pass it along and around again just in case it’s time for someone else to awaken.
www.youtube.com...
Thank you for all of your calm, intellectual post!
originally posted by: RTbigTOE
It's only the usual suspects get away with everything
Members of Congress and Their Staff Are Exempt From Biden's Vaccine Mandate
We haven't learned anything yet lol
to all
originally posted by: Caled
Has anyone else stumbled across this highly Q-related document before?
ia801806.us.archive.org...
I’ve seen a lot of this information before, but never like this or in one place. This is going to be a long read.
originally posted by: ScreaminSquirrel
I’ve been reading here for a while And other boards as well and I don’t mean to intrude, I’m sure this was posted in the beginning. Just wanted to pass it along and around again just in case it’s time for someone else to awaken.
www.youtube.com...
Thank you for all of your calm, intellectual post!
Q !ITPb.qbhqo ID: /jAm9Qi+ No.149140639 📁
Nov 12 2017 14:52:34 (EST)
Patriots don’t sleep.
40,000ft. v. necessary to understand [US]/SA/global events.
Paint the picture.
Decrease altitude (we will not fly that high again).
Higher the altitude greater the [risk] of conspiracy ST.
Many cannot/will not swallow.
What is No Such Agency - Q group?
Who has clearance to full picture?
Important.
SIS is good.
+++Adm R+++
What agency is at war w/ Clowns In America?
How does POTUS shift narrative?
(New) Age of Enlightenment.
80% covert.
20% public.
What has occurred over [th]e last several months?
C-info leaks?
Operations (think SA + ???)?
CNN sale?
What co’s rec large cash injections by Clowns In America (public)?
Why???
Who does [ i]t hurt?
Who control[s] the MSM?
Primary objective from beginning: POTUS discredit MSM.
[W]hy is this relevant?
How is information transmitted?
How are people inform[e]d?
Why was Sarah A. C. attacked (hack-attempt)?
Why was Op[e]ration Mockingbird repeated?
Why was Jason Bourne (CIA/Dream) repeated?
Think social media platforms.
Who are the Wizards & Warloc[k]s?
What council do the Wizards & Warlocks control?
Think Snowden (inside terms dropped).
Alice & Wonderland – understood.
Snow White – understood.
Iron Eagle?
Godfather III?
Speed?
Everything has meaning.
Disney is a distraction.
Senate & Congress = puppets (not all)(power shift).
For [GOD & COUNTRY].
For HUMANITY.
GERONIMO.
Q