reply to post by samkent
Yeah they did he had Asperger's syndrome wich is similar to autism and classed in the same category but most not all doctors say is completely
different
Asperger's Syndrome is a neurologically-based developmental disorder. The exact cause is unknown, but experts believe it is a complex condition
involving multiple genetic and environmental components--no one gene or single environmental factor causes AS. Asperger's Syndrome is similar in many
ways to autism. These two disorders are grouped together in a category called Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The disorders are also referred to as
Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD).
Despite early theories suggesting the possibility, we now know that parenting style does not cause any of the Autism Spectrum Disorders. The number of
individuals affected by Asperger's Syndrome is not well known, as an accurate diagnosis can be difficult to make. Estimates are typically reported
for the autism spectrum disorders in general, and these range from 1 in 150, to 1 in 1,000 individuals affected. There is a significant gender
difference--males receive the diagnosis up to four times more often than females for reasons that are not well understood.
Characteristics:
Individuals with AS typically exhibit a variety of characteristics that directly affect their ability to relate meaningfully to others. These can
range from mild to severe, and affect three primary areas of development: social skills, conversational language and rigid, repetitive behavior.
Specifically, individuals with AS tend to be highly focused on topics of interest to them, often endlessly rambling to anyone who will listen. Their
ability to appreciate other peoples' perspectives or to understand the subtle and nonverbal cues of communication (e.g., tone of voice, facial
expression) is quite limited, leading them to make frequent social errors. Additionally, demonstrating the usual nonverbal "social graces" of a
conversation is often lacking in the individual with AS. They may have difficulty maintaining eye contact, seem distracted, and may not respond with
head nods or smiles to indicate they are paying attention, seeming aloof and uninterested.
One of the traits that differentiate individuals with Asperger's from those with autism is language development. In autistic children, language is
often absent, lost, limited, or very slow to develop. In children with Asperger's, however, language development often falls within normal limits.
They frequently develop excellent vocabularies, often beyond their developmental age, and their ability to use syntax and grammar appropriately may be
unaffected. Yet, these same children have difficulty with the practical or social aspects of language. Family members often report that a child may be
able to talk one-sidedly in great detail about something of interest to them, but they do not engage family members in true two-way conversation.
Instead, there is limited or awkward turn-taking, and the natural "give and take" in the conversation is missing.
Despite wanting to have friends and engage with others, the awkward attempts and social deficits of individuals with AS often make them the outsider
in their peer groups. Young children are often bullied or made the butt of mean-spirited jokes. Older children and adults may simply be ostracized.
Their repeated, but often rebuked attempts at friendships, and their painful awareness of their differences from their peers, often lead individuals
with AS to develop anxiety and/or depression.
Despite normal or above normal intellectual abilities, individuals with AS have styles of thinking that often limit them and cause them to "get
stuck" in how they see the world. They can be quite rigid in their thinking, seeing things in only one way, or they may be very concrete and literal
in their thinking, only seeing things in "black and white" terms, with little or no understanding of the more ambiguous "gray" in between--like
knowing when and where to apply a rule such as saying, "Excuse me" when you want a turn to speak. They may not recognize the difference in using
this to interrupt two adults speaking, versus breaking into a conversation with peers. Individuals with AS have difficulty with uncertainty and are
often most comfortable with inflexible routines and rules.
Individuals with AS also have sensory and/or motor problems. They may have an awkward posture or step, have coordination problems, or be uncomfortable
with certain sensory conditions (e.g., large crowds, noises, textures). This is similar to individuals with autism, but the degree to which it affects
an individual with Asperger's is usually less severe.
Effects on Families and Relationships:
There is often a tremendous amount of stress on families (parents, grandparents, siblings) of children with Asperger's syndrome, as well as spouses
who are married to adults with AS. Not everyone reacts similarly, nor do all families experience the full range of potential issues, but some of the
issues to be aware of include the following:
Parents may experience a range of concerns and emotions as they attempt to understand what caused the disorder. They may ask, "Was it my fault?" and
inappropriately assign self-blame. They may feel guilt and grief over having an individual in their family they love who will suffer a lifelong
disability. They may wonder and worry about what others will think, and feel personally inadequate. They may fret about how they will explain AS to
their family and friends, what can they do to help, and what financial resources will be necessary to help. And, they may worry about what will happen
to this individual in the future, when the parents are no longer there to support him or her
Siblings may often feel embarrassed around peers, frustrated by not having the type of relationship with their sibling that they wanted or expected,
and/or angry that the child with AS requires so much of the family's time and resources at their expense
Having a romantic or intimate partner with AS can affect the relationship in a number of ways, most notably in the areas of communication and
emotional give-and-take. Incorrect assumptions made by the individual with AS often lead to self-protective strategies of distancing oneself entirely
and then not responding at all to one's partner. An emphasis by the non-affected partner on expressing feelings is likely to lead to frustration and
dissatisfaction
Treatments:
Treatments are not cures, but there are a number of different interventions that have been shown to be effective in reducing symptoms associated with
AS. There are primarily three different environments for receiving services: schools, the physician's office, and various specialists' offices
(including rehabilitation therapists, and mental health professionals). School districts are required to provide a range of services from support in
the mainstream classroom to special education classes, depending upon the needs of the individual. A physician's treatment usually involves
prescribing medication to address symptoms associated with AS: attentional issues, obsessive-compulsive issues, anxiety and/or depression.
Rehabilitation therapists who might be involved with an individual with AS include speech-language pathologists, occupational therapists, vision
therapists, and art or music therapists.
Psychologists and marriage and family therapists (MFTs) can be invaluable allies in the treatment process by helping individuals with AS address
social skills, thinking skills, family issues, anxiety and depression. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) approaches can be effective for these
issues. In performing couples therapy, MFTs can help the non-AS individual better understand what Asperger's syndrome is and how it affects their
spouse/partner. Facilitating realistic expectations in both partners and developing effective communication skills and strategies are primary
treatment issues for couples that include an individual with AS.
Where Does Asperger's Syndrome Get Its Name?
AS is a relatively new name for this complex condition first described in 1944 by Austrian physician Hans Asperger. Around the same time, a child
psychiatrist named Leo Kanner was identifying individuals with what has come to be called "classic autism."
This text written by Diane Yapko, MA.
Use the AAMFT Consumer Update "Asperger's Syndrome" pamphlets to market your practice.