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Originally posted by dawnstar
I am sorry, but native american women would make their teepees, and it would be theirs, it wouldn't even belong to their husband, who had his own. they would make baskets, tan hides, all kinds of things, and they would be used to trade for the things that they needed. there were gov'ts, look into the Iroquois nation, of which some of our gov't was founded on!
the idea that they passed their items on to another when they got tired of them is no different than me giving another something that I don't want anymore. go to local salvation army and see all the things that people have grown tired of and given away!
Dr. Anderson is a professor of economics at Montana State University and executive director of PERC. For a longer version of this article, see the February 1997 issue of Reason.
Chief Seattle, a nineteenth-century Native American leader, is often quoted as saying, “All things are connected like the blood which unites one family. Whatever befalls the earth, befalls the sons of earth.”
Those who invoke these words are usually attempting to convey the impression that Native Americans were guided by a unique environmental ethic. Yet the words in the oft-quoted speech are not actually those of Chief Seattle. And the message of the speech does not ring true, either. For Native Americans, traditions and customs—including property rights—were more important in encouraging careful use of resources than was an environmental ethic, however important that ethic may have been.
It turns out that the words supposedly spoken by Chief Seattle were written by Ted Perry, a scriptwriter. In a movie about pollution, he paraphrased a translation of the speech that had been made by William Arrowsmith (a professor of classics). Perry’s version added a lot.(1) Perry, not Chief Seattle, wrote that every part of the Earth is sacred to my people. (Perry, by the way, has tried unsuccessfully to get the truth out.)
The speech reflects what many environmentalists want to hear, not what Chief Seattle said. The romantic image evoked by the speech obscures the fact that, while there were exceptions that led to the tragedy of the commons, generally American Indians understood the importance of incentives. Property rights, supplemented by customs and traditions where appropriate, often produced the incentives that were needed to husband resources in what was frequently a hostile environment.
Personal ethics and spiritual values were important, as they are in any society, but those ethics and values worked along with private and communal property rights, which strictly defined who could use resources and rewarded good stewardship.
Indian land tenure systems were varied. While some ownership was completely or almost completely communal, other ownership was more like today’s fee simple.(2) The degree of private ownership reflected the scarcity of land and the difficulty or ease of defining and enforcing rights.
Because agricultural land required investments and because boundaries could be easily marked, crop land was often privately owned, usually by families or clans rather than individuals. For example, families among the Mahican Indians in the Northeast possessed hereditary rights to use well-defined tracts of garden land along the rivers. Europeans recognized this ownership, and deeds of white settlers indicate that they usually approached lineage leaders to purchase this land. Prior to European contact, other Indian tribes recognized Mahican ownership of these lands by not trespassing.[3]
Farther from the rivers, however, where the value of land for crops was low, it was not worth establishing ownership. As one historian put it, no one would consider laying out a garden in the rocky hinterlands.[4]
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Originally posted by ElectricUniverse
Oh and btw, Henry George was a Democrat, if he was alive during the time of Woodrow Wilson he would have sided with Wilson in creating the Federal Reserve, the IRS, and in implementing the regulations on small businesses which caused the depression and recession...
BTW, as for the phrases which Henry George and some others claimed were made by Chief Seattle, here is an example of who really made such statements...
Just because Native Americans did not have a concept of ownership of land it doesn't mean that they did not fight for the land and resources...
Originally posted by BurntGermanTongue
"Native Americans tied the concept of property not to ownership but to use."
Originally posted by BurntGermanTongue
"Land, broadly defined, belonged to everyone and was the common heritage of all humanity."
No one owned one thing, it was shared in common. Unless you have something else to contradict this, I don't think the liberalism comparisons that people have been claiming is anything more than shaky and unsubstantiated
Because agricultural land required investments and because boundaries could be easily marked, crop land was often privately owned, usually by families or clans rather than individuals. For example, families among the Mahican Indians in the Northeast possessed hereditary rights to use well-defined tracts of garden land along the rivers. Europeans recognized this ownership, and deeds of white settlers indicate that they usually approached lineage leaders to purchase this land. Prior to European contact, other Indian tribes recognized Mahican ownership of these lands by not trespassing.[3]
Farther from the rivers, however, where the value of land for crops was low, it was not worth establishing ownership. As one historian put it, no one would consider laying out a garden in the rocky hinterlands.[4]
In the Southeast, where Indians engaged in settled agriculture, private ownership of land was common. The Creek town is typical of the economic and social life of the populous tribes of the Southeast, writes historian Angie Debo. Each family gathered the produce of its own plot and placed it in its own storehouse. Each also contributed voluntarily to a public store which was kept in a large building in the field and was used under the direction of the town chief for public needs.[5]
Hunting, Trapping, and Fishing
Customary rights governed hunting, trapping, and fishing. These rights were often expressed in terms of religion and spirituality rather than of science as we understand it today, writes Peter Usher. Nonetheless, the rules conserved the resource base and harmony within the band.[6]
Hunting groups among the Montagnais-Naskapi of Quebec between Hudson Bay and the Gulf of St. Lawrence recognized family and clan hunting areas, particularly for beaver when it became an important trade item.[7] Similar hunting groups and rules existed in other regions. In New Brunswick, report anthropologists Frank G. Speck and Wendell S. Hadlock,[8] some of the men held districts which had been hunted by their fathers, and presumably their grandfathers. They even had a colloquial term that translates to my hunting ground.
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Originally posted by BurntGermanTongue
Uh, I'm sorry? I'm not sure if you just posted this in the wrong thread, but I do not see the relevance
Originally posted by BurntGermanTongue
Is there something I'm missing? All that site did was say "That quote was probably edited. Here's our interpretation of what was probably really said."
Originally posted by BurntGermanTongue
Pretty sure most native American wars were not over property, but ok, unsubstantiated assumptions abroad!
"This war did not spring up here in our land. It was brought upon us
by the children of the Great Father (whites) who came to take our
land from us without price, and who do many evil things. . . . It
seems to me that there is a better way than this. When people come
to trouble it is better for both parties to come together without arms,
to talk it over, and find some peaceful way to settle." (Spotted Tail
Brule, Sioux leader, 1877)
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We, the great mass of the people think only of the love we have for our land, we do love the land where we were brought up. We will never let our hold to this land go, to let it go it will be like throwing away (our) mother that gave (us) birth.". - Letter from Aitooweyah to John Ross, Principal Chief of the Cherokee.
....
"We are now about to take our leave and kind farewell to our native land, the country the Great Spirit gave our Fathers, we are on the eve of leaving that country that gave us birth, it is with sorrow we are forced by the white man to quit the scenes of our childhood...we bid farewell to it and all we hold dear." - Charles Hicks, Tsalagi (Cherokee) Vice Chief speaking of the Trail of Tears, November 4, 1838
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"The land is sacred. These words are at the core of your being. The land is our mother, the rivers our blood. Take our land away and we die. That is, the Indian in us dies." - Mary Brave Bird, Lakota
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"Our land is everything to us... I will tell you one of the things we remember on our land. We remember that our grandfathers paid for it - with their lives." - John Wooden Leg, Cheyenne
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Originally posted by seeker1963
reply to post by OptimusSubprime
A Socialist government would never consider doing something like this because independence is anti-socialism. In order for Socialism to "work" (and I use the word work very loosely because it never actually does work) the citizens, or subjects, under the Socialist regime must be completely dependent on the government, and have no other option. The other variable is that Socialist Elitists are not socialists... they are facists, or corporatists, that benefit from capitalist practices and then make it virtually impossible for the regular Joe (you and I) to do the same which is how Socialism is implemented. Remember, Socialism is never for the Socialist... it's for everyone else, and if your plan for solar power independence were to become reality, then try to imagine how much profit the global elites would be losing due to the fact that a large section of energy dependence is now free. When elitists lose money, they also lose power control. The best way for your plan to work is for the government to become VERY small and non-intrusive in the lives of the citizenry, and then let the supply and demand of the market dictate how much your idea would cost, and more importantly, give people the individual choice on whether or not they want to participate.
How odd! Kinda sounds like what our founding fathers had in mind!
Originally posted by Germanicus
And the socialism was on!
Socialism is for hotties.
so·cial·ism
Definition of SOCIALISM
1: any of various economic and political theories advocating collective or governmental ownership and administration of the means of production and distribution of goods
2a: a system of society or group living in which there is no private property b: a system or condition of society in which the means of production are owned and controlled by the state
3: a stage of society in Marxist theory transitional between capitalism and communism and distinguished by unequal distribution of goods and pay according to work done .
Originally posted by OptimusSubprime
Originally posted by seeker1963
How odd! Kinda sounds like what our founding fathers had in mind!
Yeah, that's the point!
Originally posted by dawnstar
...
yes, many of the tribes had the belief that no human could own the land, but when it came to those things that one made with their own hands from that with the land provided, well....what one made was for them to use, or share, of give away, or trade for something that they desired more.
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Originally posted by Germanicus
Dont hate us because we are beautiful.
Capitalism has failed. Its obvious. Get with the program. Socialism is the very near future.
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In his first term as President, Wilson persuaded a Democratic Congress to pass major progressive reforms. Historian John M. Cooper argues that, in his first term, Wilson successfully pushed a legislative agenda that few presidents have equaled, and remained unmatched up until the New Deal.[1] This agenda included the Federal Reserve Act, Federal Trade Commission Act, the Clayton Antitrust Act, the Federal Farm Loan Act and an income tax.
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In sum the communist probably have murdered something like 110,000,000, or near two-thirds of all those killed by all governments, quasi-governments, and guerrillas from 1900 to 1987. Of course, the world total itself it shocking. It is several times the 38,000,000 battle-dead that have been killed in all this century's international and domestic wars. Yet the probable number of murders by the Soviet Union alone--one communist country-- well surpasses this cost of war. And those murders of communist China almost equal it.
Democratising Global Governance:
The Challenges of the World Social Forum
by
Francesca Beausang
ABSTRACT
This paper sums up the debate that took place during the two round tables organized by UNESCO within the first World Social Forum in Porto Alegre (25/30 January 2001). It starts with a discussion of national processes, by examining democracy and then governance at the national level. It first states a case for a "joint" governance based on a combination of stakeholder theory, which is derived from corporate governance, and of UNESCO's priorities in the field of governance. As an example, the paper investigates how governance can deviate from democracy in the East Asian model. Subsequently, the global dimension of the debate on democracy and governance is examined, first by identification of the characteristics and agents of democracy in the global setting, and then by allusion to the difficulties of transposing governance to the global level.