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Originally posted by pianopraze
I agree contrails persist and spread, let's ignore that. I agree.
As a consequence, aircraft with modern engines, with higher overall efficiency, cause contrails over a larger range of cruise altitudes.
Originally posted by defcon5
The following is my opinion as a member participating in this discussion.
Originally posted by kroms33
Meteorology = the Study of the atmosphere, Aviation can be anyone who is a pilot or a plane mechanic. Dr Thyme has a doctorate in inorganic chemistry from Oregon State University, what's the problem?
There is no problem if he wants to discuss the chemicals he found on the ground somewhere. There is a problem when he wants to start accusing people of “spraying” them for airliners or military aircraft.
Originally posted by kroms33
I thought ATS was about denying ignorance but yet now we see opposition to a scientist actually coming here to speak who made a documentary about chem-trails? Coming from a mod? :shk:
I was a professional in that field, and I know for an absolute fact that chemtrails are a hoax, so who is the one denying ignorance, and who are the ones speculating on things for which they have zero proof and no expertise?As an ATS Staff Member, I will not moderate in threads such as this where I have participated as a member.edit on 3/4/2011 by defcon5 because: (no reason given)
The more I look at some of the pictures and videos the more I shake my head. There are videos of long contrail after long contrail then one that doesn't which is flying in the same airspace which presumably would not change THAT fast. I guess it could, but again there are videos where one plane flies by with persistent, one doesn't, then one does...
Most studies of geoengineering focus on the release of SO2
or H2S gas into the stratosphere where over time (~1 month), they are converted to
condensable H2SO4.
Originally posted by Phage
reply to post by pianopraze
You agree that contrails persist and spread but you say this:
The more I look at some of the pictures and videos the more I shake my head. There are videos of long contrail after long contrail then one that doesn't which is flying in the same airspace which presumably would not change THAT fast. I guess it could, but again there are videos where one plane flies by with persistent, one doesn't, then one does...
It is well known (by those who care to learn something about it) that the conditions which are conducive to contrails (persistent and otherwise) vary with altitude. A difference of less that 1,000 feet can easily make the difference. That means that two aircraft in the same horizontal "airspace" can be in different atmospheric regimes. Your question assumes that the two aircraft are flying at the same level.
Originally posted by pianopraze
reply to post by burntheships
Very interesting. Could this be why some contrails have persistence?
Originally posted by Phage
reply to post by pianopraze
I edited my post.
Please see the added content.
I'm trying to keep the discussion on the topic of the test result. I seem to be ignored.
edit on 3/6/2011 by Phage because: (no reason given)
The question is not do they form contrails, It is what is causing the persistent contrails.
Visible contrails observed during SUCCESS persisted longer than a few minutes only when substantial ambient supersaturations with respect to ice existed over large regions. On some occasions, contrails formed at relatively high temperatures (≥ −50°C) due to very high ambient supersaturations with respect to ice (of the order of 150%). These warm contrails usually formed in the presence of diffuse cirrus. Water vapor from sublimated ice crystals that entered the engine was probably necessary for contrail formation in some of these cases. At temperatures above about −50°C, contrails can only form if the ambient air is supersaturated with respect to ice, so these contrails should persist and grow.
Originally posted by Phage
reply to post by pianopraze
Can high sulfur content in the fuel account for it? It doesn't have to and it doesn't seem that it can. H2S is an invisible gas. SO2 is an invisible gas.
Most studies of geoengineering focus on the release of SO2
or H2S gas into the stratosphere where over time (~1 month), they are converted to condensable H2SO4.
Are they spraying H2SO4 directly into the atmosphere? I thought the doctor was here to talk about aluminum oxide and barium.
The effectiveness of geoengineering is strongly dependent on the type or particle and the particle size deployed. Most studies of geoengineering focus on the release of SO2 or H2S gas into the stratosphere where over time (~1 month), they are converted to condensable H2SO4. Recent work by Pierce et al has shown that directly emitting H2SO4 allows better control of particle size6 and therefore more effective reflection of incoming flux. For the purposes of this study, we have assumed the geoengineering payload is a liquid with a density of 1000 kg/m3 (In gas pipe analysis, a density of 1.22 kg/m^3 is assumed), emitted as a vapor. The larger geoengineering particles, the faster they settle out of the atmosphere. If they are too small, they do not effectively scatter incoming solar flux. The peak scattering effectiveness of H2SO4 aerosols is about 0.2 microns
Meerkoetter et al. (1999) pointed out the effect of contrails to reduce daily amplitudes of temperatures in the lower atmosphere by reducing the net radiation to the surface during the day and reducing the infrared losses from the surface during the night.
NWA-derived statistics are analyzed to determine under which atmospheric conditions persistent contrail formation is favored
Originally posted by GoldenFleece
reply to post by backinblack
If commercial aircraft actually did what the "persistent contrail" crowd claims -- turn a clear blue sky overcast in a couple of hours -- planes would be BANNED!
The peak scattering effectiveness of H2SO4 aerosols is about 0.2 microns (Mie theory).
Originally posted by Phage
reply to post by pianopraze
I read it. That's why I pointed out that talking about spraying H2SO4 was not really relevant to what Dr. Thyme was asked here to discuss.
Your answer is in the text you quoted. It makes it clear that any visual effects of what they are talking about would not resemble what people claim is the result of "spraying".
The peak scattering effectiveness of H2SO4 aerosols is about 0.2 microns (Mie theory).
What do sub-micron sized particle do to light? The ice crystals found in cirrus clouds range from 10 microns to millimeter size, greater than the wavelengths of visible light (red light is about 0.65 microns, violet around 0.40).
www.ssec.wisc.edu...
That is why they appear white, they scatter all colors. When particles are smaller than those wavelengths a different effect is seen. The particles are too fine. The "cloud" would not be visible as a white cloud for long, if at all.
What could we expect to see if those very small particles were being injected into the atmosphere? Do you remember the Pinatubo eruption in 1991? That is the effect which some geoengineering proposal suggest be emulated. The particles produced were very small, about 0.2 microns at first.
Source
There was no visible cloud of particles during the day but the sunrises and sunsets were pretty amazing. The whole sky lit up. The "Pinatubo sunsets" were beautiful. I haven't seen one in a long, long time. If those particles were being injected that's what we would see, not the gray cirrus overcast that people complain about.
www.dewbow.co.uk...
edit on 3/6/2011 by Phage because: (no reason given)