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Originally posted by 911stinks
reply to post by OzWeatherman
Thats statement refers to clear sky conditions, prior to any observed contrail. When you have numerous planes flying at around the same flight pattern, producing contrails, you have excess moisture added into the environment. In other words, numerous planes have the ability to saturate the environment.
Please, point me to where in the link it says that. Or is this just your interjection? And if so, what do you base your logic on?
You are suggesting that aircraft inject water into the air.
But the truth is, water is drawn to the contrail (chemtrail). This suggest excessive particulate matter in the exhaust.
This is backed up by countless NASA missions like SOAR and CIRRUS and CONTRAIL and on and on studying contrails, and the particulate matter in them. You can't find out what the particulate matter consists of, but it is in the 2.5 nm size. Smaller than dust basically.
Add that with the rainbow sheen being seen in the sky
.... increased cloud cover (blue skies when planes are grounded)
Originally posted by Northwarden
... we are finding aluminum in the snows of Scottish Mountains
The legislation during the administration of George Bush actually allowed an increase in industrial metallic particle emission, beginning in 1995, long after he would be out of office. [GHW Bush created the Council on Competitiveness, a front for industry and manufacturing to head off EPA sanctioned environmental restraints. It was overseen by Dan Quayle. The Council altered standards and issued operating permits to over 35,000 polluting businesses. Quayle’s Council reviewed EPA administrator William Reilly’s Clean Air Act proposals and added a provision to allow manufacturers and chemical companies to increase pollution levels without public review.
Originally posted by Phage
reply to post by 911stinks
If particulate matter is required for the formation of ice crystals, what is the source of cirrus clouds?
Particulates are not required to trigger the formation of ice crystals in saturated air. The added moisture in the exhaust is sufficient to begin the process .
[edit on 4/30/2010 by Phage]
Soot particles emitted from aircraft jet engines may
possibly nucleate ice through heterogeneous nucleation (e.g.
M¨ohler et al 2005b), but soot particles may also become coated
with soluble species that make them act more like homogeneous
freezing nuclei (M¨ohler et al 2005b, 2005a, DeMott
et al 1999). Other studies have found that jet fuel exhaust
particles fail to nucleate ice below water saturation
2.2. Delivery mechanism
Since commercial airliners routinely fly in the region where
cold cirrus clouds exist, it is hoped that the seeding material
could either be (1) dissolved or suspended in their jet fuel
and later burned with the fuel to create seeding aerosol,
or (2) injected into the hot engine exhaust, which should
vaporize the seeding material, allowing it to condense as
aerosol in the jet contrail. The objective would not be to seed
specific cloud systems but rather to build up a background
concentration of aerosol seeding material so that the air masses
that cirrus will form in will contain the appropriate amount
of seeding material to produce larger ice crystals.
Another prominent supporter of geoengineering proposals is none other than White House science czar John P. Holdren, a key Obama advisor who infamously co-authored a book in which he called for a “planetary regime” to enforce draconian population control measures such as forced abortion, infanticide and mandatory sterilization.
Originally posted by Northwarden
reply to post by Essan
Source you were asking about; under Drinking Water Impact for the Scottish snow details.
www.speclab.com...
The solute and particulate aluminum chemistry of a relatively unpolluted snowfall associated with a maritime airmass was measured .... to characterize background conditions for the Scottish Highlands.
Aluminum concentrations were compared to those found in a polluted black snowfall with a trajectory that originated over eastern Europe and to those levels found in seasonal snowpack.
The aluminum composition of particulate matter found within Scottish snow was 20,600 ppm in the inter-site survey, and 21,100 ppm in the intra-site survey.
For the black snow, the aluminum composition of particulate matter was 52,300 ppm. .
....Since commercial airliners routinely fly in the region where
cold cirrus clouds exist, it is hoped that the seeding material
could either be (1) dissolved or suspended in their jet fuel
and later burned with the fuel to create seeding aerosol,
or (2) injected into the hot engine exhaust...
5. Next steps?
More detailed modeling studies of cirrus microphysics, testing some of the physical principles and assumptions used here, as well as related laboratory studies, should be carried out. For example, in cirrus generated from mesoscale motions, their microphysical properties appear to be governed by the dynamics (K¨archer and Str¨om 2003). Modeling studies could be conducted to examine how significant the negative Twomey effect is in these cirrus. Another uncertainty is the ice sedimentation rate, a key factor determining how strong an effect this climate engineering approach is likely to have. The rate of increase in the ice particle fall velocity with respect to particle size, dV/dD where D = ice particle maximum dimension, decreases with increasing D. Hence this approach will be most effective for narrow PSD where the relative change in size after seeding is large. In situ measurements indicate such PSD are common when T < −40 ◦C, but these measurements may be contaminated by larger ice particles shattering at the inlet of the measurement probe, producing many small artifact ice fragments that are counted as natural ice crystals. This problem of ice particle shattering has cast a cloud of uncertainty over in situ PSD measurements and needs to be resolved to obtain reliable estimates of ice sedimentation rates, which depend strongly on the concentrations of small ice crystals (Mitchell et al 2008).
These are folks who are trying to consider all alternatives, SHOULD it become evident that Climate Change is (1) sufficiently dire as to require Human intervention, or (2) even viable, with current technologies.
Originally posted by weedwhacker
reply to post by 911stinks
Fascinating.
You and I can read the same abstract, yet YOU take it to mean it's actually being done (even though the date of the abstract is 2009) whereas I (and about 99.9% of the rest of the readers) can see quite clearly that it's positing potential methods of delivery.
Judging from the two pages of references, it;s already being done.
Aerosol formation
Primary aerosol formation, also known as homogeneous aerosol formation results when gaseous SO2 combines with water to form aqueous sulfuric acid (H2SO4). This acidic liquid solution is in the form of a vapor and condenses onto particles of solid matter, either meteoritic in origin or from dust carried from the surface to the stratosphere. Secondary or heterogeneous aerosol formation occurs when H2SO4 vapor condenses onto existing aerosol particles. Existing aerosol particles or droplets also run into each other, creating larger particles or droplets in a process known as coagulation. The larger the particles or droplets, the shorter their residence time in the stratosphere and the less effective they are at scattering visible sunlight.
What are the effects of sulphur dioxide on people?
For longer exposures, sulphur dioxide levels above 0.15 ppm have been linked with increased hospital admissions for cardiac or respiratory illnesses. Long-term exposures to 0.027 to 0.031 ppm of sulphur dioxide with high levels of particulate matter in the air have been associated with an increase in respiratory illnesses in children.
A million tons of sulfur dioxide would be needed to begin the cooling process. Luckily SO2, a byproduct of coal-burning power plants, is a common industrial chemical.
Policy
Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (COLD) in smelter workers is accepted as an occupational disease under sections 1(1)(n) and 122 of the Workers' Compensation Act as peculiar to and characteristic of exposure to Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and particulates.
Guidelines
Acceptance of a claim is dependent on objective medical evidence of COLD and impaired pulmonary function.
A diagnosis of primary bronchiectasis, chronic upper respiratory disease, or primary asthma without the presence of COLD is not considered an acceptable basis to claim under this policy.
Entitlement criteria
Based on medical studies, claims for COLD with impairment shall be favourably considered when all of the following circumstances apply.
Nature of exposure
A clear and adequate history of exposure to any smelting process involving the production of sulphur dioxide and particulates as a significant by-product of the process must be established. This includes roasting, smelting, converting of metallic ores, and the secondary production of sulphuric acid.
Intensity of exposure
Sulphur dioxide exposure is established when levels of more than 5 parts per million (5 p.p.m.) are recorded repeatedly over the exposure period.
Duration of exposure
A minimum of 20 years established exposure.