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originally posted by: neutronflux
a reply to: Hulseyreport
Do you have any compression?
You
Madrid tower was on fire for 20 hours and steel had no fireproofing, the concrete had no insulation and fireproofing
Why would concrete need insulation and fire proofing.
A source cited specifically for you.
Concrete vs. steel
Concrete is a conventionally used material for construction while steel is now gaining momentum for its flexibility and reduced construction time. Both concrete and steel framed structures have environmental issues associated with their use, including a high embodied energy in their manufacture.
Concrete has some advantages; waste materials can be included within the mix, such as GGBS (Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag) and PFA (Pulverised Fuel Ash). In addition, moves are being made to assess the potential of using recycled concrete, however, issues such as moisture content and material variability dictate that it is economically unviable.
Steel, while having a high lead time, is known for its fast erection on site. However, steel needs fire protection whereas within concrete this is inherent. Prefabrication of steel can allow thin film intumescent coatings to be applied offsite.
www.designingbuildings.co.uk...
What part of “ However, steel needs fire protection whereas within concrete this is inherent.“
Other source
Fire resistance
In fire, concrete performs well – both as an engineered structure, and as a material in its own right. It has the highest fire resistance classification (class AI) under EN 13501-1:2007- A1:2009.
www.concretecentre.com...(1)/Fire-Resistance.aspx
Why does concrete need fire proofing?
Why don’t you understand you cannot compare the WTC failures to building with concrete load bearing columns and members.
Name another structure fire before the WTC where a building like the WTC buildings caught fire. A structure that was mostly steel, and used less concrete beyond common practice.
The Madrid Windsor Tower is a great example how concrete columns vs steel columns perform in a fire.
Windsor Tower (Madrid)
The fire spread quickly throughout the entire building, leading to the collapse of the outermost, steel parts of the upper floors.
en.m.wikipedia.org...(Madrid)
Picture below showing the collapse of the steel structure above the 17th floor with the surviving concrete columns.
From: www.pdworld.com...
You
You have no proof fireproofing was knocked off inside the tower that mere conjecture.
The jet crash into WTC 2 is modeled.
Scientists simulate jet colliding with World Trade Center
m.youtube.com...
The jet impacts passed through the twin towers. The impacts cut core columns leaving exposed metal. The jet impacts tore and ripped away floor panels, leaving exposed metal. This fact already contradicts “ You have no proof fireproofing was knocked off inside the tower“.
The jet impacts also cut floor trusses, cut water mains, and electric services. If you don’t think the buckshot/sandblasting acting of the jet wreckage didn’t strip away fire insulation that was documented as being degraded because people simply walked on it during construction, you need to be calibrated.
originally posted by: Salander
a reply to: Hulseyreport
I am happy to read that you at least CONSIDER the nuclear theory. Have you read the recent analysis of Heinz Pommer?
The only coherent explanation for all observed facts and evidence is the nuclear theory.
Madrid tower was on fire for 20 hours and steel had no fireproofing, the concrete had no insulation and fireproofing
Concrete vs. steel
Concrete is a conventionally used material for construction while steel is now gaining momentum for its flexibility and reduced construction time. Both concrete and steel framed structures have environmental issues associated with their use, including a high embodied energy in their manufacture.
Concrete has some advantages; waste materials can be included within the mix, such as GGBS (Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag) and PFA (Pulverised Fuel Ash). In addition, moves are being made to assess the potential of using recycled concrete, however, issues such as moisture content and material variability dictate that it is economically unviable.
Steel, while having a high lead time, is known for its fast erection on site. However, steel needs fire protection whereas within concrete this is inherent. Prefabrication of steel can allow thin film intumescent coatings to be applied offsite.
www.designingbuildings.co.uk...
Fire resistance
In fire, concrete performs well – both as an engineered structure, and as a material in its own right. It has the highest fire resistance classification (class AI) under EN 13501-1:2007- A1:2009.
www.concretecentre.com...(1)/Fire-Resistance.aspx
Towers' central core was steel, not concrete. It composed of stronger elements and would operate stronger in a fire.
originally posted by: neutronflux
a reply to: Hulseyreport
Let’s start small and see how intellectually honest you are
You
Madrid tower was on fire for 20 hours and steel had no fireproofing, the concrete had no insulation and fireproofing
Why would concrete need insulation and fire proofing.
A source cited specifically for you.
Concrete vs. steel
Concrete is a conventionally used material for construction while steel is now gaining momentum for its flexibility and reduced construction time. Both concrete and steel framed structures have environmental issues associated with their use, including a high embodied energy in their manufacture.
Concrete has some advantages; waste materials can be included within the mix, such as GGBS (Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag) and PFA (Pulverised Fuel Ash). In addition, moves are being made to assess the potential of using recycled concrete, however, issues such as moisture content and material variability dictate that it is economically unviable.
Steel, while having a high lead time, is known for its fast erection on site. However, steel needs fire protection whereas within concrete this is inherent. Prefabrication of steel can allow thin film intumescent coatings to be applied offsite.
www.designingbuildings.co.uk...
What part of “ However, steel needs fire protection whereas within concrete this is inherent.“
Other source
Fire resistance
In fire, concrete performs well – both as an engineered structure, and as a material in its own right. It has the highest fire resistance classification (class AI) under EN 13501-1:2007- A1:2009.
www.concretecentre.com...(1)/Fire-Resistance.aspx
Why does concrete need fire proofing?
originally posted by: neutronflux
a reply to: Hulseyreport
You
Towers' central core was steel, not concrete. It composed of stronger elements and would operate stronger in a fire.
You understand this is false concerning concrete columns reinforcement with steel rebar using high strength concrete.
Now. A steel core is lighter, making a building lighter, requiring less material, making a building cheaper to construct.
I believe the towers used less concrete beyond common practice to make them cheaper to erect that made them vulnerable to the failures of the steel seen in the Madrid Windsor Tower. However, the towers did not have the concrete columns and members like the Madrid Windsor to prevent total collapse.
originally posted by: Hulseyreport
Though your argument nonsense because there no history previous to 9/11 or after of steel-framed buildings totally collapsing?
originally posted by: Hulseyreport
Everybody recognizes the building experienced a 2.25-second freefall collapse.
That can only happen when there no structural support underneath the top floors across the span of building seven.
How did fire do that in seconds after the Penthouse collapsed?
originally posted by: waypastvne
originally posted by: Hulseyreport
Everybody recognizes the building experienced a 2.25-second freefall collapse.
That can only happen when there no structural support underneath the top floors across the span of building seven.
How did fire do that in seconds after the Penthouse collapsed?
That's easy. Momentum transfer.
originally posted by: waypastvne
originally posted by: Hulseyreport
Though your argument nonsense because there no history previous to 9/11 or after of steel-framed buildings totally collapsing?
Here you go.
www.questjournals.org...
originally posted by: stonerwilliam
a reply to: Trucker1
Small change now compared to all the money spent since on the war on terror
Investigator’s Shock 9/11 Claim: Gold ‘Vault Contents Emptied Before Attack…They Knew It Was Going To Happen’
www.silverdoctors.com... pen/
Not to meant ion shares and precious stones , lots of people got a hair cut that day
Reports describing the contents of the vaults before the attack suggest that nearly $1 billion in precious metals was stored in the vaults
There no windows shattering, no deformities of walls ( which would occur if lateral support gave way before full collapse) no dust breakages through windows. They're literally nothing to show a progressive collapse was taking place.
www.metabunk.org/how-could-the-interior-collapse-in-wtc7-move-west-without-more-visible-exterior-damage.t9523/
www.metabunk.org...
The exterior of 7wtc was a moment frame..a rigid trapezoid. The interior collapsed down inside before the facade came down and when it did it rotated anticlockwise and was kinked There were only 26 columns below the facade which were axially coupled to the foundation... 57 above. The belt trusses acted like beams at the lower end of the facade... above floor 5. The 26 columns were pulled in by the beams and girders connected the transfer structures and a few columns such as 79,80 and 81.
As with the twin towers the floor collapse did no damage other than breaking windows when the floors collapsed inside it.
www.metabunk.org...
www.metabunk.org/sept-3-2019-release-of-hulseys-wtc7-draft-report-analysis.t10890/page-2#post-233809
www.metabunk.org...-233809
Here are the details of the "behavior observed" that Hulsey mentions:
"collapse of the east penthouse approximately 7 seconds prior to the collapse of the rest of the structure" (p. 5)
"straight-down collapse" (p. 5)
"2.25 and 2.5 seconds of free fall (i.e., gravitational acceleration) during its collapse" (p. 11)
"The debris pile of WTC 7 was contained mostly inside the building’s footprint. ... (see Figure 1.7)" (p. 11)
"it did not have large pieces of concrete flooring or intact structural framing that would be expected in a building collapse (see Figure 1.7)." (p. 11)
"[Key Feature 1.]The collapse of the east penthouse, which begins approximately 6.9 seconds prior to the descent of the north face roofline" (p. 91)
"[Key Feature 2.]The collapse of the screenwall and west penthouse, which begins approximately 0.5 to 1 second prior to the descent of the north face roofline" (p. 91)
"[Key Feature 3.] The descent of the north face roofline, which progresses at a rate of free fall for approximately 2.25 to 2.5 seconds over a distance of approximately 105 feet or 8 stories," (p. 91)
"[Key Feature 3., continued] during which the building’s sheathing remains attached to the exterior steel framing and does not experience visible differential movements" (p. 91)
"window breakage, cracking of the facade, and exterior deformation, none of which were observed" (p. 91)
"the minimal differential movement of the exterior seen in videos of the collapse" (p. 91)
1. and 6. are the same feature
2. and 4. overlap greatly
3. and 8. are the same feature
9. and 11. are the same feature, and 10. is closely related
So this boils down to 6 distinct features, which Hulsey thought worthy of a mention:
i) EPH descends several seconds before the rest - no details given, such as that it kinks
ii) Screenwall and WPH start descent 0.5 to 1 s prior to north wall - no further details given
iii) Collapse staight down, largely into the footprint
iv) 2.25 to 2.5 s of FFA of the north face roofline
v) minimal differential movement of the exterior, resulting in no window breakage, no cracking of the façade, and no exterior deformation
vi) no large pieces of concrete flooring or intact structural framing in the debris pile post-collapse
Hulsey notes (page 91):
Snip
Now of course there are more major visual features of the collapse that Hulsey does NOT mention:
The kink in the north face that forms as the EPH disappears
The counter-clockwise motion of the entire structure (north-east corner falls to the north, south-west corner to the south)
The east part of the north wall lags behind the center and west parts after a few seconds
Numerous windows do break after the EPH, later the WPH, start to descend
The eastern facade bulges dynamically as the EPH falls
For visual references, see Mick's post #54.
Also, prior to the rapid collapse of the EPH
The building was observed to bulge etc, show signs of distress
The roofline was already observed to move (up and down) for as much as 30 seconds.
Hulsey of course replicates none of these, nor are any of these plausible as results of his "all core columns at once, then all perimeter columns at once" scheme.
www.metabunk.org...
There no windows shattering, no deformities of walls ( which would occur if lateral support gave way before full collapse) no dust breakages through windows. They're literally nothing to show a progressive collapse was taking place.
Acceleration of the building to freefall is the biggest smoking gun someone brought the building down.
They're no outside signs of internal failures. There no windows shattering, no deformities of walls ( which would occur if lateral support gave way before full collapse) no dust breakages through windows.
If that is not true according to you. Provide Photographs of the outside damage.
What you do not recognize here is
NIST claims 47 stories of support structure began collapsing inside the building by buckling before the full collapse and that would be even worse chaos and this was certainly not seen on video.
Katie Bender's family commemorate 20 years since Royal Canberra Hospital implosion
www.canberratimes.com.au...
Seconds after the explosion on that Sunday afternoon, Katie was was killed instantly by a steel fragment sent flying from 430 metres across the lake. It was thought to be travelling at 140km/h.
Canberra Hospital Implosion 1997
m.youtube.com...
The claim on the other side is 84 columns where taken out in one or two seconds apart and suddenly the building roofline started to change and full collapse began.
SUMMARY OF EARLY WTC7 MOVEMENT
sharpprintinginc.com...:559
As was shown in section 2.5, features of the initial failure sequence can be understood as a rapid succession of 7 identifiable events occurring in the following order:
1) Movement Detected from 2 Minutes before Collapse
2) Increase of rocking 6 seconds before visible collapse
3) Ejections and overpressurizations
4) Collapse of the East Penthouse
5) Collective core failure
6) Perimeter response
7) Acceleration downward
Truth movement never asserted that.
www1.ae911truth.org/news-section/41-articles/344-building-7-implosion-the-smoking-gun-of-911.html
www1.ae911truth.org...
A Mysterious Catastrophe
Although Building 7 was never hit by an airplane and had only isolated pockets of fires on about 10 floors
www2.ae911truth.org...
It was not struck by any aircraft or engulfed in any fire.
Snip
The fire on this building was small & localized therefore what is the cause?"
Snip
These office fires were not enough to heat a column weighing 15,000 pounds per floor to 1000° F.
They claim that fires on floor 13 were not as fierce as NIST claimed and photograph evidence reveals that to be correct.
The story...
WTC7 only had small, limited fires.
Our take...
This is one commonly-shown picture of the WTC7 fires.
www.911myths.com...
Check the FEMA report and you’ll find a picture of the other side of the building, which seems to show substantial amounts of smoke (you can confirm we’ve done nothing more than grab it from a PDF file by viewing the original from the FEMA site -- download Chapter 5 at www.fema.gov...).
The construction can only collapse if you eliminate the column support.
Hulsey's method of removing core columns is a standard operating procedure to monitor progressive collapse.
Everything joists, fittings, beam, girders, and columns are all interlocked in complex design.
If there was a crumpling of a few columns in isolation on the eastside that extending and will affect the outer columns around the wall section ( cause an overload on the other side)
The facade will begin to crack open and pieces will break away and windows will break.
Progressive collapse is a slow buckling of structural support.
Now of course there are more major visual features of the collapse that Hulsey does NOT mention:
The kink in the north face that forms as the EPH disappears
The counter-clockwise motion of the entire structure (north-east corner falls to the north, south-west corner to the south)
The east part of the north wall lags behind the center and west parts after a few seconds
Numerous windows do break after the EPH, later the WPH, start to descend
The eastern facade bulges dynamically as the EPH falls
www.metabunk.org...-233809
www.metabunk.org...
So...
Feature i) is covered by NIST. What's more, in the NIST analysis, this is a result (output) of the simulation of the damage accumulation, while in the Hulsey model, it is a premise (input) of the simulation: The EPH drops a few seconds before the rest because Hulsey artifically forces it to. NIST's model explains, Hulsey's doesn't
Feature ii) is covered by NIST. What's more, in the NIST analysis, this is a result (output) of the simulation of the damage accumulation, while in the Hulsey model, it is a premise (input) of the simulation: The west core drops a moment before the perimeter because Hulsey artifically forces it to. NIST's model explains, Hulsey's doesn't
Feature iii) is FALSE - as I showed in post #29, the building did NOT collapse into its own footprint, and NOT (entirely) straight down, instead it had major parts hitting buildings across two different streets. In addition, Hulsey FAILS to show that this feature is replicated by his preferred simulation (all columns removed).
Feature iv) is covered by NIST (according to Hulsey - I am not aware that NIST, or Hulsey, or anyone, ever actually analysed the acceleration of the north wall roofline in NIST's global collapse simulation). What Hulsey misses is the few tens of seconds before FFA is reached. He again forces the FFA, by artificially, and without explaining (stating a cause), removing all perimeter columns at once, thus making free fall a premise (input) of his model.
Feature v) is FALSE - there was deformation of the facade observed, there was differential movement, there was window breakage. See below.
Feature vi) is a bare assertion, not supported by a proper citation nor by own study. The only reference, Figure 1.7, actually DOES show very large pieces of still-connected structural framing. In addition, Hulsey FAILS to show that this feature is replicated by his preferred simulation (all columns removed).
In effect, we see that Hulsey replicates NO actual, real feature that NIST doesn't - none anyway that he cared to mention himself.
Worse yet: The few true features that he replicates arise not as a result (output) of the model from actual physical causes, but as a direct result of assuming (inputting) these features: Making the EPH fall seconds before the WPH, making the WPH descend moments before the perimeter, making the perimeter fall freely by removing all columns at once. This has zero explanatory value.
I note with interest that nowhere in the report, Hulsey claims the collapse was "symmetric". He says at one point (page 11): "WTC 7 would be expected to experience a combination of axial rotation and bending of members, resulting in a disjointed, asymmetrical collapse. Asymmetrical, tipping behavior is especially likely because WTC 7 did not have planar symmetry", but falls short of making "symmetry" a feature to look for. He writes these two sentences in an explanation of why he thinks FFA is relevant.
Now of course there are more major visual features of the collapse that Hulsey does NOT mention:
The kink in the north face that forms as the EPH disappears
The counter-clockwise motion of the entire structure (north-east corner falls to the north, south-west corner to the south)
The east part of the north wall lags behind the center and west parts after a few seconds
Numerous windows do break after the EPH, later the WPH, start to descend
The eastern facade bulges dynamically as the EPH falls