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originally posted by: pthena
Ley Lines has become a meme. The discussion of ley lines does not necessitate adherence to a particular book. That's how memes work.
According to NASA, the sun annually provides the planet about 340 watts per square meter — roughly the energy radiated from six incandescent light bulbs. If the planet returned an equal amount of energy to space, temperatures would be constant, Loeb said. That is not occurring. Instead, roughly 0.8 watts per square meter stays on Earth. The energy is trapped by greenhouse gases, such as water vapor and carbon dioxide, that come from burning fossil fuels and other sources. Clouds also play a role; they reflect sunlight back into space and, depending on their height and thickness, prevent it from leaving the planet.
In addition to the fact that water is excellent at absorbing solar radiation, the fact that there is so much of it means that water is very important in the global energy budget. Roughly 71% of the surface of the Earth is covered with water. Water absorbs and stores tremendous amounts of solar radiation, and thus is one of the most important factors in moderating global temperatures.
originally posted by: Kantzveldt
a reply to: Byrd
I think the perspective still holds good, not exactly in the literal sense but as a general indicator that the major influence upon Israel and the Yahwist was from that direction
... a collapse that is now considered to have been largely internal in terms of an uprising through the lower classes against the ruling elite and religious institutions, an ideological origin of Israel.
I didn't say Atenism was a religion in and of itself prior to Akenhaten but that there was the cultic aspect of the Aten, in terms of this thread the diametrical opposite of what i have suggested regarding the Sun Goddess of the Netherworld
Moses and the Levites were very keen on establishing the abstract principles of Law because the Masculine archetype is the personification of the abstract principle compared to following one's own natural inclinations,
Egypt did have civil laws...
and Atenism a rigid hierarchy, one cannot state with certainty what was written down as available evidence is largely from tombs.
The Eštan worshipped by the “indigenous” Hattic people was female, as demonstrated by her epithet kattah ˘ a, “queen”.
She might also be referred to by the Hattic epithet Wurunšemu, seemingly “Mother of the Earth”, or after her primary cult site, as the Sun-goddess of the city of Arinna
Eštan, who appears in the Hittite pantheon as Ištanu, indeed possessed celestial features, being called, for example, “the torch of the land of Hatti”,and quite possibly being represented by the “solar standards”
But she was most often associated with the Netherworld, in which capacity she also bore the title “Sun-goddess of the Earth
If he or she is alive, let the Sun-god above deliver him or her. If he or she is dead, let the Sun-goddess of the Earth deliver him or her – the accursed person afflicted by a (broken) oath!
I dunno tropes seem to cover way more of life than memes do... unless one is feeling ironic towards how easy life actually is with some just trying to over complicate it because without complication it's not worth living unless there's some struggle or something to that effect.
originally posted by: Kantzveldt
The tribal regions of the Sinai were very much a religious backwater and hardly the place you'd expect radical ideological beliefs to develop, but it's the lack of sophistication that makes them impressionable to those who have such, and given the failed attempt to transform Egyptian religion and society from the top downward it could simply have been considered expedient to gather broad based support from the lower classes and marginalized, unite through natural resentments.
The Egyptians of course didn't have a Sun Goddess of the Netherworld but the Atum could be considered as passing through Feminine and Masculine phases,
were only at the point of sunrise does the Masculine transformation take place, within the Netherworld the Atum being Feminine,
an earlier understanding that gradually diminished but derived from a far earlier tradition of the core Neolithic region were there was very much a Sun Goddess of the Netherworld;
This was common to all the Kingdoms of Asia Minor including the Hurrians
... if it transpires that in fact the Sun is always in the skies and the Earth merely rotates then you have no choice according to your own traditions but to accept the singular rule of the Masculine archetype.
The question then becomes what qualities were associate with the Sun of the skies and these tended toward the unknowable abstract, governance and the rule of law, light, truth and reason, a basis for principles of science and applied mathamatics.
Humans aren't that impressionable...hmmmm...moving quickly on that's exactly what the inner circle of Akenhaten needed to do after the counter revolution, continuation of their ideas in Egypt no longer possible.
Though some people call the old pre-Buddhist religion of Tibet ‘Bon’, it is unlikely that before Buddhism the Tibetans had a clear sense of practising a religion as such, or a specific name for these practices. In fact, the Bonpo religion only started to take shape alongside the revival of Buddhism in the eleventh century. And when the scriptures of the Bonpo started to appear in Tibet, it was mainly through the work of tertons.
wikipedia/Bon
8Hilkiah the high priest said to Shaphan the scribe, "I have found the book of the law in the house of Yahweh." Hilkiah delivered the book to Shaphan, and he read it. 9Shaphan the scribe came to the king, and brought the king word again, and said, "Your servants have emptied out the money that was found in the house, and have delivered it into the hand of the workmen who have the oversight of the house of Yahweh." 10Shaphan the scribe told the king, saying, "Hilkiah the priest has delivered a book to me." Shaphan read it before the king
24The king of Assyria brought men from Babylon, and from Cuthah, and from Avva, and from Hamath and Sepharvaim, and placed them in the cities of Samaria instead of the children of Israel; and they possessed Samaria, and lived in the cities of it. 25So it was, at the beginning of their dwelling there, that they didn't fear Yahweh: therefore Yahweh sent lions among them, which killed some of them. 26Therefore they spoke to the king of Assyria, saying, "The nations which you have carried away, and placed in the cities of Samaria, don't know the law of the god of the land. Therefore he has sent lions among them, and behold, they kill them, because they don't know the law of the god of the land."
27Then the king of Assyria commanded, saying, "Carry there one of the priests whom you brought from there; and let them go and dwell there, and let him teach them the law of the god of the land." 28So one of the priests whom they had carried away from Samaria came and lived in Bethel, and taught them how they should fear Yahweh.
and say, Thus says the Lord Yahweh to Jerusalem: Your origin and your birth is of the land of the Canaanite; the Amorite was your father, and your mother was a Hittite.
originally posted by: Kantzveldt
a reply to: Byrd
Humans aren't that impressionable...hmmmm...moving quickly on that's exactly what the inner circle of Akenhaten needed to do after the counter revolution, continuation of their ideas in Egypt no longer possible.
I'm not sure why you say why there's never any suggestion of the Atum being both Male and Female when there is, "I am these Two, male and female" - CT, spell 136, and also relating to the transformative phases of the Sun.
But anyway you're right about the Sun Goddess of the Netherworld being well referenced in Anatolia and Cilicia but not neccesarily in Northern Mesopotamia or elsewhere, it's an Indo-European tradition and seems to have originated in the core Neolithic region and to have been transmitted into Western Europe from a very early date, the evidence for this actually goes back to the third millenium BC in terms of Deities such as Ishara.
It's a good question that even if they recognized such qualities associate with the Sun of the skies or the even more abstract and Universal Yahweh then what would have made them so different, and my consideration is that they actively eradicated and suppressed that which they considered false and thus transformed society through confrontation with reason.
The ancient Egyptian word Wedjat signifies blue and green, the sun goddess whose eye later became the eye of Horus, the eye of Ra, and as the Lady of Flame, Another early depiction of Wadjet is as a cobra entwined around a papyrus stem, beginning in the Predynastic era and it is thought to be the first image that shows a snake entwined around a staff symbol.
The critical point seems to have been the Babylonian exile in that this involved an absolute break away from the former cultic sites and artifacts, before the exile one can find ongoing evidence for Asherah worship but afterward none, thus Rabbinical teaching and reliance upon the Torah becomes seemingly absolute.
Anat-Yahu
The papyri suggest that, "Even in exile and beyond, the veneration of a female deity endured." The texts were written by a group of Jews living at Elephantine near the Nubian border, whose religion has been described as "nearly identical to Iron Age II Judahite religion". The papyri describe the Jews as worshiping Anat-Yahu (or AnatYahu). Anat-Yahu is described as either the wife (or paredra, sacred consort) of Yahweh or as a hypostatized aspect of Yahweh.