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The area around Hadrian's Wall has been mapped from the air by English Heritage but amateur research has also thrown up some surprising findings. Ancient camps, ovens, rubbish pits and ditches show up from the air as crop marks, where plants grow differently - often invisible from the ground. Work on Emperor Hadrian's wall began in AD122. Archaeologists believed soldiers had settled in a nearby fort - Vindolanda - from about AD85.
But another photograph shows something Dr Andrew Birley from the Vindolanda Trust believes is a fort built ten years earlier, 50 years before the wall. "As we started excavating the ditches we were getting more and more evidence to suggest that this actually could pre-date anything on this part of the site that we'd previously known about," he said. If they find the timber fort gates - and it might take years - the rings on the wood could lead conclusively to a construction date.
It might prove the Romans established their frontier long before the history books currently say.
One such case, from the southwestern Iberian Peninsula, involves engraved stone plaques from megalithic tombs dated from 3500 to 2750 BC (calibrated age). One widely accepted theory is that the plaques are ancient mnemonic devices to record family genealogies. The new analysis from Daniel García Rivero and Michael J. O'Brien uses a tree-building computer program to perform a Phylogenetic reconstruction, looking for common ancestries in the data set.
The results demonstrates that this popular genealogies hypothesis is not the case, even when the most supportive data and techniques are applied. Rather, the authors of the paper suspect there was a common ideological background to the use of plaques that overlaid the southwestern Iberian Peninsula, with little or no geographic patterning. This would suggest a cultural system where plaque design was based on a fundamental core idea, with a number of variable elements surrounding it. Read the paper at Plos One
originally posted by: beansidhe
I've been looking at the Basque culture because of something you said, Log. And look at this!
Plos One
The suggestion that these were clan-specific patterns has been mooted, but I'm wondering if the double discs could be a left over from this? Rather than the name of a specific family or blood line, they represented " a cultural system where plaque design was based on a fundamental core idea, with a number of variable elements surrounding it". So a motif brought over which would be understood to represent a cultural norm, rather like we might use the thistle or maybe bagpipes as a symbol packed with cultural associations today?
Calydon (/ˈkælɨdɒn/; Greek: Καλυδών; gen.: Καλυδῶνος) was an ancient Greek city in Aetolia, situated on the west bank of the river Evenus. According to Greek mythology, the city took its name from its founder Calydon, son of Aetolus. Close to the city stood Mount Zygos, the slopes of which provided the setting for the hunt of the Calydonian Boar. The city housed the important Aetolian sanctuary known as the Laphrion, dedicated to Artemis Laphria and Apollo Laphrios. In 31 BC, the Roman Emperor Octavian removed the population of the city to the new colony of Nicopolis, founded to commemorate his victory at the Battle of Actium earlier that year.