Still asking?Oklahoma earthquake caused by energy-drilling process or natural earthquake?

The entire US is 'fraking',very odd!!

Magnitude
3.7
Date-Time
Monday, November 14, 2011 at 06:51:39 UTC
Sunday, November 13, 2011 at 11:51:39 PM at epicenter
Time of Earthquake in other Time Zones
Location
43.050°N, 103.502°W
Depth
5 km (3.1 miles)
Region
SOUTH DAKOTA
Distances
42 km (26 miles) S of Hot Springs, South Dakota
47 km (29 miles) WNW of Chadron, Nebraska
76 km (47 miles) W of Pine Ridge, South Dakota
293 km (182 miles) WSW of PIERRE, South Dakota
Location Uncertainty
horizontal +/- 10.1 km (6.3 miles); depth +/- 3.1 km (1.9 miles)
Parameters
NST= 79, Nph= 97, Dmin=126.9 km, Rmss=0.87 sec, Gp= 47°,
M-type="Nuttli" surface wave magnitude (mbLg), Version=5
Source
Magnitude: USGS NEIC (WDCS-D)
Location: USGS NEIC (WDCS-D)
Event ID
usc0006rmy


earthquake.usgs.gov...)source

Oh really?

Is this incontovertable proof that these quakes are fracking related? Not necessarily.

To say that there is no way that fracking can cause earthquakes is ignorance at best and purposeful misdirection at worse.

First you laugh at me and pretty much assume that I'm full of it, yet you retract further down saying there is no proof.

So which is it?


Look chum.. I know what I'm talking about. First hand experiance, I think, is a little more insightful and whatever you're pulling up. If you think that a disturbance a mile down that makes a dent in the VERY HARD shell, clay, ROCK, that is no bigger around than your leg, and punching minute holes in the ground by rupturing an area no bigger than a few feet at a time at very most... How on earth will that make an earthquake? Thats the same as someone being burried 6feet under and the ground colapsing from the 5foot long by 2 foot high by 3 foot wide area of space there. How often do you see that happening? Not very often right?

Well, imagine that space to be surrounded by very solid rock, or in the usual setting of a cemetary... cement. Do you honestly feel that this little bitty gas propelled rumble that has enough force to push a car maybe a few inches at best, will cause an earthquake?

Sorry, I feel that it's rubbish... And this is my job!

Try to tell a lawyer that the laws he's been using all his career is incorrect based off of some assumption you put together by comparing rumbles along a FAULT LINE... just wow

WOW Turkey heating up!!Again!


Date & Time
UTC
Latitude
degrees
Longitude
degrees
Depth
km
Mag. A/M Region name Network
1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 Back in time
2011-11-14 16:47:58.2 39.71 N 41.33 E 228 mb 3.9 A EASTERN TURKEY MSO
2011-11-14 16:47:29.1 38.43 N 43.30 E 100 mb 4.4 A EASTERN TURKEY SC3
2011-11-14 16:47:20.8 38.59 N 43.32 E 10 M 4.3 A EASTERN TURKEY GFZ
2011-11-14 16:47:18.1 38.53 N 43.12 E 2 mb 4.3 A EASTERN TURKEY MIX
2011-11-14 16:47:17.0 38.61 N 43.01 E 7 ML 4.6 M EASTERN TURKEY DDA
2011-11-14 16:47:16.2 38.65 N 43.05 E 5 ML 4.5 M EASTERN TURKEY KAN
2011-11-14 16:46:54.5 38.68 N 47.28 E 10 mb 4.4 A NORTHWESTERN IRAN BEO
2011-11-14 16:31:35.7 38.58 N 43.33 E 10 M 4.3 A EASTERN TURKEY GFZ
2011-11-14 16:31:34.9 38.70 N 43.33 E 5 mb 4.4 A EASTERN TURKEY SC3
2011-11-14 16:31:33.3 38.52 N 43.12 E 2 mb 4.4 A EASTERN TURKEY MIX
2011-11-14 16:31:32.2 38.66 N 43.08 E 4 ML 4.4 M EASTERN TURKEY KAN
2011-11-14 16:31:32.0 38.64 N 43.06 E 18 ML 4.4 M EASTERN TURKEY DDA
2011-11-14 16:31:25.1 38.98 N 45.32 E 10 mb 4.6 A NORTHWESTERN IRAN MSO
2011-11-14 16:31:21.3 42.24 N 48.22 E 8 mb 4.3 A CASPIAN SEA BEO


source(www.emsc-csem.org...

reply to post by projectvxn


You do realize that fracking has been already determined to cause earthquake? Here is the link to the story. Pay attention to what happened at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal when the disposed of liquid waste by the same injection method

oilprice.com... /Natural-Gas/U.S.-Government-Confirms-Link-Between-Earthquakes-and-Hydraulic-Fracturing.htmlnal

According to the U.S. Army’s Rocky Mountain Arsenal website, the RMA drilled a deep well for disposing of the site’s liquid waste after the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency “concluded that this procedure is effective and protective of the environment.” According to the RMA, “The Rocky Mountain Arsenal deep injection well was constructed in 1961, and was drilled to a depth of 12,045 feet” and 165 million gallons of Basin F liquid waste, consisting of “very salty water that includes some metals, chlorides, wastewater and toxic organics” was injected into the well during 1962-1966.

earthquake.usgs.gov...


6km deep, and if you check the location on the map you find some interesting things there.

But couldn`t cause a quake, right? WRONG.

The evidence is there on the map!

reply to post by projectvxn


Sorry, but fracking is much deeper than "a few hundred meters", from Wikipedia.

The technique of hydraulic fracturing is used to increase or restore the rate at which fluids, such as oil or water, or natural gas can be produced from subterranean natural reservoirs, including unconventional reservoirs such as shale rock or coal beds. Hydraulic fracturing enables the production of natural gas and oil from rock formations deep below the earth's surface (generally 5,000-20,000 feet

Originally posted by projectvxn
reply to post by diamondsmith

 

What are you trying to say with all of this exactly?

That fracking 1000 ft. deep is causing earthquakes 3.1miles down?

That isn't the case here, sorry.

I know how the fracking process works. And these strong and DEEP earthquakes aren't being caused by it.

Fracking tremors are VERY shallow.

Fracking can cause big quakes at much bigger depth than the fracking depth. Think of the small quakes as cracking when pressure increases in the upper layers. As the upper layer is pushed to the side a pressure builds up at lower layer until it snaps with a much bigger quake.

Try it with a salt stick or something similar, where does it snap if you put pressure on its upper side?

Latitude 45.6052
Longitude -38.9183
Magnitude 4.8 mb
Depth 15 km
UTC Time 17:07:21 UTC Monday November 14th, 2011
Location North Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean
Author teleMb

source(anf.ucsd.edu...

reply to post by theRhenn


Really.

And yes, I am still ing myself silly. You've not only drunk the koolaid, you've swam in it's depths.

Again, I direct you to the Department of Energy's website dedicated to Induced Seismicity. You are familiar with the DOE, yes?

What causes Induced Seismicity?

Although research is still being carried out on the detailed causes of induced seismicity, there are many different applications which have been associated with induced seismic activity.

...

Therefore, that is why in many cases induced seismicity is caused by injecting fluid into the subsurface or by extracting fluids at a rate that causes subsidenceand/or slippage along planes of weakness in the earth.

Now, this next part deals specifically with fracking and, I must admit,seems to indicate that e potential risk is minimal:

Another type of induced seismicity is that which is associated with “hydrofracturing”. Hydrofracturing is done by injecting fluid into the subsurface to create distinct fractures in order to link existing fractures together in order to create permeability in the subsurface. This is done to extract in situ fluids (such as oil and gas). Hydrofracturing is distinct from many types of shear induced seismicity because hydrofracturing is by definition only created when the forces applied create a type of fracture called a tensile fracture, creating a “driven” fracture. Shear failure has been observed associated with hydrofracturing operations, as the fluid leaks off into existing fractures, but due to the very high frequency nature of tensile failure (seismic source at the crack tip only) only the associated shear failure is observed by microseismic monitoring . However, hydofracturing is such a small perturbation it is rarely, if ever, a hazard when it is used to enhance permeability in oil and gas or other types of fluid extraction activities. To our knowledge hydrofracturing to intentionally create permeability rarely creates unwanted induced seismicity large enough to be detected on the surface even with very sensitive sensors, let alone be a hazard or an annoyance. In fact the very small seismic shear events created from the shear failure associated with the hydrofracture process are used to map the location of the induced permeability and as management toll to optimize fluid production. If not for the very small shear events it would be much more difficult to understand the effect of hydrofracturing because the seismic energy created from the “main fract” is to low to be detected, even from he most sensitive instruments at the surface of the earth Figure 3 is an example of how seismicity is used to map these hydrofractures. Last but not least another reason that the seismic risk is so low associated with hydrofracture operations in that they are of relatively low volume and short durations ( hours or days at the very most) compared to month and years for other type of fluid injections described above.

OK, small quakes are not so bad, right? We've no reason to bev concerned because the range of quakes produced is too small to be damaging.

Well now I wouldn't be too sure about that as can be seen in this post quoted for your edification:

Originally posted by jadedANDcynical
I think part of what Robin is concerned about is the effect all of these small quakes may have in the NMSZ which could trigger a larger quake.

Whether the fault that ruptured in 1811-12 does so once more or another yet-to-be-defined fault breaks and generates a M 7+ quake, the truth is we would all be in a world of hurt.

Robin's not the only person who thinks that small quakes could trigger a larger quake.

Importance of small earthquakes for stress transfers and earthquake triggering is a study published on the Cornell University Library database which indicates just that possibility:

The stronger the spatial clustering, the larger the influence of small earthquakes on stress changes at the location of a future event as well as earthquake triggering. If earthquake magnitudes follow the Gutenberg-Richter law with b>D/2, small earthquakes collectively dominate stress transfer and earthquake triggering, because their greater frequency overcomes their smaller individual triggering potential.

This is telling us that even though each individual quake represents only a small amount of energy release, the cumulative effects are more than the sum total. In other words there is a possible synergistic effect with a multitude of small quakes on a (non) related fault system within a certain geographical area.

Why hasn't this been given more research?

Because large earthquakes modify stress over a much larger area than smaller ones, and because computing Coulomb stress changes requires a good model of slip distribution available only for large earthquakes, most studies have neglected the influence of “small” earthquakes.

So, how does this influence propagate into a fault system?

• A triggered earthquakes size is independent of the magnitude of the triggering event (“mainshock”) as suggested by [Helmstetter, 2003]. This implies that the crust is everywhere close to failure, such that any small earthquake, triggered by a previous small one, can grow into an event much larger than its trigger

As one takes notice of the rifts that circle the globe and then thinks about the fact that there is spreading taking place around the globe, one cannot help but conclude that all of the that spreading is going to be causing pressure to increase in areas which are being "crowded." This results in a globe who's surface is everywhere fractured, thus on the point of rupture at any given time with no prior notice.

What does all of this mean?

These results imply that a small earthquake can trigger a much larger earthquake. It thus validates our hypothesis that the size of a triggered earthquake is not determined by the size of the trigger, but that any small earthquake can grow into a much larger one [Kagan, 1991b; Helmstetter, 2003; Felzer et al., 2004]. The magnitude of the triggering earthquake controls only the number of triggered quakes

emphasis mine

So, smaller quakes can trigger larger quakes and it is merely the number of quakes triggered, not size of subsequent quake which is affected when considering remote triggering.

It all boils down to this:

Although large earthquakes are much more important than smaller ones for energy release, small quakes have collectively the same influence as large ones for stress changes between earthquakes, due to seismic spatial clustering.

emphasis mine

Since smaller quakes occur in a more compact area, they have influence equivalent to larger quakes due to the closer proximity to one another.

Another study I found some place (I can go dig it out if it is really necessary, I don't remember what thread I posted it in, but I think it dealt with induced seismicity incidents in India related to petroleum production) indicates that induced earthquakes (like those caused by fracking) are similar enough in energy release and signature that the seismic waves behave as if they were naturally occurring.

This means, that all of the fracking induced quakes that are taking place are acting like a series of firecrackers popping off continually on top of a larger fault system (NMSZ) and are potentially going to cause that system to release any pent up energy.

Remember, it's not the fact that it's an earthquake, or volcano (seems to be a bit of activity on that front around the world presently), but it is more a function of energy that is being released and thus moved to another location. Which causes a build up of stress (energy in potential) increasing until friction is overcome (a rupture happens) and then that energy flow is unblocked, albeit briefly, and thence the energy seeks a new equilibrium.

You guys will believe anything... and you say I'm drinking the coolaid? lol I at least know my job, and what it's all about. You however are just pulling stupidity out of the air.


Sorry... No Go...

reply to post by diamondsmith


It could be alot of reasons. This is ATS so heres a few.

1. They've drilled so many wells out in OK that the ground is weak and ready to fall in.
If I'm not mistaken OK was the first place they started drilling for oil and natural gas way back at the beinging of the 20th century.

2. They used that atomic boring machine that was built by the USAF and they just added a new network of tunnels under various places of OK.

3. One of the secret factions within the shadow goverment went on the offensive again against another rival faction and detonated a atomic device to radate an underground facitlty that TPTB would have used. Now it wouldn't be used for there nefarious business.

4. Its aliens.

5. Its magma displacement.

6. Old fault zones waking up.

7. The magnetic frequency of the planet is rising thus the crust is begining to shift.

8. Someone fat fell off there chair.

Like I said this is ATS and it could be all of the above or nothing at all.
WOOT!!!

Have been watchung and reading about TarCreek, and saw a video.

tarcreekfilm.com...

This - the attached website above - has a blog and many photos are shown etc. Beneath the 14th photo stands a possible part explaination as to what it is that's helping and gradually developing further Quakes.

Useful or not, I am still shocked at how the past inhabitants were eventually treated and how the Quapaw were merely ditched

Yes very interesting and shocking in the same time,the problem is that EQ s in that area still coming,I wander how much time till the big one!

I am no Doomsday merchant, far from it, but here's another point worth considering and its our Global scientisit who should be now advising Governments;

www.dailymail.co.uk...

reply to post by steaming
Nice pics, but there will be signs before such an event will take place but maybe we are not so far from that,recent years to many things happened,so stay vigilant !

Considering the many old mines, water filled holes, etc mentioned in the 'Tarcreek' piece, and considering the 'Fracking' process plus ability. I keep wondering if Mother nature can / could, carry out a similar objective ie pressurised water beneath Oklahama and wonder if that will not be way in which full catasropha is on the build???? Deep EQ must = higher pressure, yet it only took a shallow quake to tremble from Virginia up to washington. Are their any sites we could perhaps keep an eye on the Yellowstone . Wyoming zone to watch for a series of minor trembles ??? They usually say nowt till its too late, but this will be as bad if not worse than a so called ww3, would it not.

Farewell for now, back to shopping around.

reply to post by steaming


What's going on at Yellowstone?

Many of the same folks who hang out in the Quakewatch Thread also inhabit the Yellowstome thread and are quite knowledgeable about the goings on of that caldera.

Small but drilled!

Magnitude
2.6
Date-Time
Friday, November 18, 2011 at 06:12:38 UTC
Friday, November 18, 2011 at 12:12:38 AM at epicenter
Location
35.536°N, 97.295°W
Depth
5 km (3.1 miles)
Region
OKLAHOMA source(earthquake.usgs.gov...

Another one1

Magnitude
2.7
Date-Time
Friday, November 18, 2011 at 07:41:08 UTC
Friday, November 18, 2011 at 01:41:08 AM at epicenter
Location
35.527°N, 96.749°W
Depth
4.8 km (3.0 miles)
Region
OKLAHOMA,source(earthquake.usgs.gov...

TextDuke study offers seven "safeguards" for hydraulic fracturing (Uh-huh.) A new report by Duke University researchers offers several health and environmental measures for North Carolina lawmakers to consider as they debate legalizing horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing for natural gas. The study, which has been accepted for publication in the Duke Environmental Law and Policy Forum journal, looks at potential environmental hazards and how lawmakers in other states are factoring health and environmental risks into regulatory approaches targeting the natural gas extraction method.

,source(thecomingcrisis.blogspot.com...