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Proteins are the building blocks of life - and our bodies are constantly creating new ones for repair, maintenance and replacement parts. These proteins don't just need the right chemistry - they need to be folded into exactly the right shape to work. Problem is, proteins misfold easily, in response to "environmental perturbations" - including temperature changes, or exposure to chemicals, heavy metals, oxygen or radiation.
A Role for Protein Misfolding in Immunogenicity of Biopharmaceuticals
…..misfolding of therapeutic proteins is an immunogenic signal and a risk factor for immunogenicity. ……Over the past decades, the use of therapeutic proteins has become common practice in medicine ……
Protein misfolding is an intrinsic and problematic property of proteins, which underlies a variety of degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer disease. These diseases are characterized by the occurrence of fibrillar deposits, classically termed amyloid, containing aggregates of misfolded proteins.
……experiments pointed out that biopharmaceuticals, like any other protein, are amyloidogenic and that misfolding, detected by amyloid markers, takes place in several preparations. These markers, however, are not necessarily specific for fibrillar amyloid, but also for smaller misfolded protein species.
….. Various Biopharmaceuticals Display Amyloid-like Properties upon Exposure to Conditions of Stress, Indicating Protein Misfolding — During manufacturing and storage, biopharmaceuticals may also become exposed to various conditions of stress that can potentially underlie protein misfolding and the formation of amyloid-like properties.
…….Our results point to a common mechanism by which the immune system perceives misfolded proteins. We hypothesize that this lies in the changed conformation of the protein backbone itself. This implies that the innate immune system may be activated by recognition of the amyloid-like properties of misfolded protein. …
Time to fight the new global pandemic of chronic diseases
New cases of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes and chronic lung disease are exploding throughout the world, even in the poorest countries. These conditions account for 63 percent of deaths globally, and 80 percent of those deaths are occurring in low- and middle-income countries. Chronic diseases are also incredibly disabling and have a major negative impact on economic development, as they occur at a much earlier age and rob families of their breadwinners.
Chronic disease to cost $47 trillion by 2030: WEF
"This is not a health issue, this is an economic issue…"
What's killing us? Diseases that will kill 9 of 10 Americans
…..cancer, heart disease, diabetes, and a variety of other chronic ailments. And worse, unlike some infectious diseases, they're quite preventable.
This new, ultra-deadly pandemic threat is caused by we, ourselves. Sedentary lifestyles, poor eating habits, smoking, and other high-risk behavior causes most of these diseases. ….
More than anything, the root causes are apathy and sloth.
Originally posted by unityemissions
I think you all are looking at this from the wrong angle. Saying these diseases are caused by mis folded proteins is nearly as bad as saying they're genetic, and that's it.
These illnesses are treatable, and preventable in most circumstances.
If you have enough b-vitamins, you will most likely not develop Alzheimer's, so regardless of if you ingest prions, your body will either fix them, eradicate them, else effectively compensate.
So basically, exercise, don't eat processed foods, eat a healthy diet, and perhaps supplement a naturally spiced b vitamin.
Certainly don't stress over stuff like this. Stress kills!
It seems weaponized mycoplasma has been dispersed on the whole of humanity throughout the decades. Several strains are out there, and they effect us all differently based on genetic susceptibilities and lifestyle choices.
you're stuck in a box that you've created.
I trust others will take in all the information
and come to their own conclusions.
Sickle-cell disease, usually presenting in childhood, occurs more commonly in people (or their descendants) from parts of tropical and sub-tropical regions where malaria is or was common. One-third of all indigenous inhabitants of Sub-Saharan Africa carry the gene,[2] because in areas where malaria is common, there is a fitness benefit in carrying only a single sickle-cell gene (sickle cell trait). Those with only one of the two alleles of the sickle-cell disease, while not totally resistant, are more tolerant to the infection and thus show less severe symptoms when infected.
Lindquist Lab
Work in our lab covers a broad range of topics unified by one theme: the protein-folding problem.
Through biochemistry and genetics we investigate the mechanisms of protein folding and the consequences of misfolding. Because protein-folding problems are universal, we move back and forth between simple and complex organisms (yeast, rodents, and human cells). We investigate how protein conformational changes provide epigenetic mechanisms of inheritance, sculpt phenotypic landscapes, shape evolutionary process, and cause devastating neurodegenerative diseases. We are also making progress in deciphering the enigmatic structures of prions and amyloids. One implication of our work is that
the protein-folding problem isn’t always a problem. The very same types of misfoldings that cause dreadful diseases in some circumstances can have beneficial effects in others. The protein-folding problem is as ancient as life itself; it makes sense that evolution would occasionally, perhaps even often, use it to advantage.
Animal prion infections, such as scrapie (sheep) and "mad cow disease" (cattle), have shown a pattern of horizontal transmission in farm conditions and several ectoparasites have been shown to harbor prion rods in laboratory experiments. Fly larvae and mites were exposed to brain-infected material and were readily able to transmit scrapie to hamsters. New lines of evidence have confirmed that adult flies are also able to express prion proteins.
.....Several cell types found on the human skin, including keratinocytes, fibroblasts and lymphocytes, are susceptible to the abnormal infective isoform of the prion protein, which transforms the skin to produce a potential target for prion infection.
Int J Dermatol. 2003 Jun;42(6):425-9. Could ectoparasites act as vectors for prion diseases? Lupi O. Center for Vaccine Development, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA. PMID: 12786866
Also see: The high expression of the prion protein on the skin and mucosa and the severity of the inflammatory response to the larvae could readily increase the efficiency of transmission of prions in both animals and humans.
Scientists have evidence that bacteria dangerous to humans have begun evolving in insects, for reasons that are not clear.
The October edition of Nature Reviews: Microbiology reports that invertebrates such as worms and insects may have begun enabling a rapid evolution for bacteria normally not harmful to humans. Not only are insects capable of delivering disease through bites and stings, they now may be the breeding ground for strains of infectious bacteria never before seen in humans.
Dangerous Bacteria Evolving in Insects
BTW, evolutionary adaptations are in no way, a chronic illness.
If you evolve, you're no longer ill.
Period.