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Originally posted by hawaii50th
Originally posted by Whereweheaded
Originally posted by woghd
Originally posted by Whereweheaded
reply to post by hawaii50th
Something I just learned, actually the POTUS does have the power to unilaterally maneuver, and avoid Congressional approval. Under the USC 287 d allows for the special agreements act:
The President is authorized to negotiate a special agreement or agreements with the Security Council which shall be subject to the approval of the Congress by appropriate Act or joint resolution, providing for the numbers and types of armed forces, their degree of readiness and general location, and the nature of facilities and assistance, including rights of passage, to be made available to the Security Council on its call for the purpose of maintaining international peace and security in accordance with article 43 of said Charter. The President shall not be deemed to require the authorization of the Congress to make available to the Security Council on its call in order to take action under article 42 of said Charter and pursuant to such special agreement or agreements the armed forces, facilities, or assistance provided for therein: Provided, That, except as authorized in section 287d–1 of this title, nothing herein contained shall be construed as an authorization to the President by the Congress to make available to the Security Council for such purpose armed forces, facilities, or assistance in addition to the forces, facilities, and assistance provided for in such special agreement or agreements.
source: www.law.cornell.edu...
The UN Article 41-58 establish the rules of agreement through the council.
www.un.org...
I was in a debate of another topic, that this particular information was given to me. And was rather educational as well.
So basically, the president answers to the UN, and not the congress. This country has been dissolved. We are sovereign in name only.
The POTUS does not answer to the UN, but USC and UN charters allow for the POTUS to act within the confines of the council without direct Congressional Approval.
Okay but still, what about that part about not entering into combat?
Among the most common measures not involving the use of armed force, which the Council has at its disposal to enforce its decisions, are those measures that are known as sanctions. Sanctions can be imposed on any combination of states, groups or individuals. The range of sanctions has included comprehensive economic and trade sanctions and more targeted measures such as arms embargoes, travel bans, financial or diplomatic restrictions. Apart from sanctions, Article 41 includes measures such as the creation of international tribunals (such as those for the Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda in 1993 and 1994) or the creation of a fund to pay compensation for damage as a result of an invasion. The Repertoire captures decisions of the Council imposing, modifying, exempting from or terminating measures under Article 41 and highlights issues that were raised in the Council’s deliberations in connection with Article 41.
Article 41 of the United Nations Charter gives the Security Council the authority to use a variety of measures to enforce its decisions. The Council regularly creates subsidiary organs to support or implement these measures. Among the most common are those measures that are known as “sanctions”, which are generally supported by a Committee, as well as Panels/Groups of Experts or other mechanisms to monitor implementation of the sanctions.
Article 42 of the Charter enables the Council to use force to maintain or restore international peace and security if it considers non-military measures to be or to have proven inadequate. As the United Nations does not have any armed forces at its disposal (for details, see Article 43), the Council uses Article 42 to authorize the use of force by a peacekeeping operation, multinational forces or interventions by regional organizations.
Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations provides the framework within which the Security Council may take enforcement action. It allows the Council to "determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression" and to make recommendations or to resort to non-military and military action to "maintain or restore international peace and security". The Repertoire covers implicit references and explicit references to Chapter VII and Articles 39 to 51 of the Charter in documents of the Security Council, as well as case studies on instances where the Council discussed respective Articles of Chapter VII in consideration of specific situations on its agenda.
Originally posted by hawaii50th
reply to post by NoJoker13
It's almost like the U.S. is not a sovereign nation anymore.
Originally posted by Whereweheaded
The POTUS does not answer to the UN, but USC and UN charters allow for the POTUS to act within the confines of the council without direct Congressional Approval.
I don’t believe you’re interpreting 22 USC 287d correctly. Let me quote the complete language of the statute, divide each part and address them accordingly.
Originally posted by hawaii50th
Okay but still, what about that part about not entering into combat?
This first part deals with Article 43 forces, the permanent UN force, which is established through “special agreement[s].” An Article 43 force has never been established.
The President is authorized to negotiate a special agreement or agreements with the Security Council which shall be subject to the approval of the Congress by appropriate Act or joint resolution, providing for the numbers and types of armed forces, their degree of readiness and general location, and the nature of facilities and assistance, including rights of passage, to be made available to the Security Council on its call for the purpose of maintaining international peace and security in accordance with article 43 of said Charter.
This clause states the President does not need Congressional authority when “tak[ing] action under article 42” of the United Nations Charter and action taken pursuant to “special agreement[s]” (Article 43). Action taken pursuant to Article 43 agreements, that Congress had to initially authorize and ratify, or under Article 42, don’t require (additional) Congressional authorization.
The President shall not be deemed to require the authorization of the Congress to make available to the Security Council on its call in order to take action under article 42 of said Charter and pursuant to such special agreement or agreements the armed forces, facilities, or assistance provided for therein
Section 287d-1 deals with noncombatant assistance to the United Nations, which is entirely up to the discretion of the President and doesn’t require Congressional authorization.
Provided, That, except as authorized in section 287d–1 of this title, nothing herein contained shall be construed as an authorization to the President by the Congress to make available to the Security Council for such purpose armed forces, facilities, or assistance in addition to the forces, facilities, and assistance provided for in such special agreement or agreements.
Originally posted by xavi1000
Barack Obama has now fired more cruise missiles than all other Nobel Peace prize winners combined...
Originally posted by centurion1211
Originally posted by xavi1000
Barack Obama has now fired more cruise missiles than all other Nobel Peace prize winners combined...
That may be the most telling post on this thread.
Thank you for bringing that to everyone's attention.
Many books have been published on the murder of JFK, but none have so deeply penetrated the walls of secrecy and lies like this one. Douglass makes the strongest case yet that there was a deep and far-reaching conspiracy behind Kennedy's murder in Dallas and also proves that the CIA had plotted to murder him just weeks before in Chicago. The release of classified government documents in the wake of the 1991 motion picture //JFK// have finally allowed an honest portrayal of Kennedy's true aims and policies to emerge.
JFK may have started out as a "Cold Warrior," but at the time of his death he was a true Prince of Peace, committed to pulling out of Vietnam and seeking "détente" with the Soviet Union. Here we learn that Kennedy and Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev were secret partners in a last-ditch effort to prevent a catastrophic nuclear war. And, we also learn that sinister elements in the governments of both countries did not want peace and would never tolerate the emergence of a charismatic peace leader; men like Martin Luther King - killed in 1968 after his vocal opposition to the Vietnam war - or John Lennon.
More than just great political history, this book charts the soul of a man - John Fitzgerald Kennedy - who came to embrace the spiritual, life-affirming side of his Catholic faith. This element of the story is one that has never been told before, at least not like this. It raises this book to the level of masterwork, one which will come to define a man, an era, and a tragic event. - Bruce Marshall / Amazon.com
Source: www.amazon.com...=cm_cr_dp_synop?ie=UTF8&showViewpoints=0&sortBy=bySubmissionDateD escending#R634TNSCFHFI0
Originally posted by ofhumandescent
reply to post by Annee
You might want to please consider reading, "JFK And The Unspeakable, Why He Died And Why It Matters" by James W. Douglass.
Originally posted by ofhumandescent
reply to post by Annee
I average 4 books a week .................. since age 6 - I am now 58.
How many books have you averaged per week?
Put down that ipod, xbox, TV, and all the rest of the junk stuff you are being programmed with and really do some hard level research.
Sen. Joe Biden: Iran & Impeachment