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Originally posted by daz__
reply to post by Phage
I conditionally accept your offer upon proof of claim it is not true.
peace
daz
I found that there were many things about this comet that were not fitting to well. The “expert”, Don Yeomans from JPL, formulates projections of Hale-Bopp’s path through our solar system, based upon observations. These are called “ephemeris’”. Period comets do not regularly change their approach and departure, with a very few exceptions. But the trajectory of Hale-Bopp has changed. And not just once or twice. Mr Yeoman has so far to date FORTY-ONE solutions concerning Hale-Bopp! First estimates show it passing just under an AU (93 Million miles-the distance from the sun to the Earth) from the sun. With an ephemeris that has changed a number of times, it appears that it may likely be coming more like 20 million miles closer to the sun. In astronomical terms, this can make quite a difference. But I’m getting ahead of myself a bit.
This is not the end of anything, it is a beginning of a very appropriate transition from the government explorers to the people who have funded those government explorers being able to get out and reap the benefits of that exploration themselves,” he said “That goes across all borders, it is going to be based on merit, it is going to be based what different countries, what different companies in those countries, can bring to the game. I think that within the next five years we will see the launch of multiple space facilities. It is time for private companies, no matter what country they are in, to begin co-operating and opening the airlock to space.”
Originally posted by Phage
reply to post by daz__
You are asking me to prove a negative. Please prove that the orbit of Hale-Bopp exhibited short term changes during it's approach in 1995-1997.
Again, you are quoting a source which claims that changes in the calculated ephemerides represent a change in orbit rather than a refining of the orbit based on more observations. More observations = a more accurate ephemeris.
Hale Bopp's perihelion was .914 AU, that's pretty much "just under an AU" of the initial call and nowhere near the 20 million miles Moyer babbled about. Moyer was wrong. The initial ephemeris was good, and with more observations they got better. Just as they are with Elenin.
I'm sure you can post garbage "sources" for weeks. How about some that makes some sense.edit on 2/27/2011 by Phage because: (no reason given)
LINEAR may have disappointed casual stargazers, but it is intriguing professional astronomers with unpredictable behavior including jets that are perturbing the comet's orbit and an outburst in July that may have sent a fragment hurtling away from the comet's core.
science.nasa.gov
Something similar happened to the already-brilliant comet C/1996 B2 (Hyakutake) in 1996. Ground based telescopes recorded transitory flares while the Hubble Space Telescope and others captured pictures of fragments flying away from the nucleus (see below).
science.nasa.gov
Like comet Hyakutake, comet LINEAR is a "dirty snowball" from the outer reaches of the solar system. Its nucleus is laced with volatile gasses that vaporize furiously as the comet falls toward the Sun. Marsden explains that this is probably LINEAR's first visit to the inner solar system, and it has a greater proportion of vaporizable material than comets that have passed by the Sun many times before (e.g., Halley's Comet). C/1999 S4 is losing so much of its mass to solar vaporization that it's being pushed and shoved by the reaction force of its own gaseous jets. Just as a jet airplane under its own power does not follow a ballistic trajectory, LINEAR's orbit is not a perfect gravitational ellipse
The frequent erratic motions of comets—in apparent violation of gravitational laws—have long been attributed to the “jets” seen erupting from the nucleus. The distinguished astronomer Fred Whipple first suggested that jets from comets could account for unpredictable motions. As summarized by Francis Reddy in an obituary the day after Whipple’s death in 2004, the astronomer believed that “The jets supply a force that can either speed or slow a comet, depending on the way it rotates — a force unaccounted for in the astronomical calculations used in predicting comet returns”. As Comet Linear moved toward perihelion, a NASA release stated, “powerful jets of gas vaporized by solar radiation have been pushing the comet to and fro”. Astronomers applied the same interpretation to the energetic jets of Borrelly and Wild 2. But in the case of Wild 2 (see link above), the close-up photographs gave no indication of caverns in which selective heating by the Sun could build up the pressures of “jet chambers” or produce the sonic and supersonic jet velocities our instruments have measured. And yet today, the astronomers’ dogma holds: “What else could these jets be”? To save the theory astronomers cling to the incredible.
Originally posted by daz__
At least I have garbage sources.
From an electric viewpoint there is no enigma in these comet attributes. The jets are not released under pressure but are created by electric arcs to the surface, and it is these arcs that carve out the surface craters. The jets do not explode from hidden areas within the nucleus. In the best photos ever of a comet, Wild 2 (link above), no such caverns are evident. Rather, we see hot spots on high points and on the rims of shallow, flat-bottomed craters. By now it should be obvious that something more than gravity is at work in the behavior of comets. Since a comet holds a highly negative charge, it attracts the positively charged particles of the solar wind, giving rise to an immense envelope of ionized hydrogen, up to millions of miles across. But the comet watchers do not realize that this vast envelope is gathered and held electrically. And so the question continues to haunt them: How could a tiny piece of rock, no more than a few miles wide, gravitationally entrain and hold in place a ten million mile wide bubble of hydrogen against the force of the solar wind? Yes, the entrained envelope is extremely diffuse, but in gravitational terms it should not be there!
science.nasa.gov...
LINEAR S4's erratic jets make predicting the long term fate of the comet tricky. "The large nongravitational effect complicates the calculation of long-term motion," continued Marsden. "Without the nongravitational effect, comet LINEAR would be back in some 30,000 years. With it, I don't know."
www.minorplanetcenter.org...
Orbital elements:
C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp)
T 1997 Apr. 1.80952 TT Marsden
q 0.9281873 (2000.0) P Q
Peri. 129.95583 -0.13435701 -0.16622733
Node 282.33948 +0.27126152 +0.94200416
e 1.0 Incl. 89.77943 +0.95308204 -0.29154183
From 208 observations 1995 July 24-Aug. 1.
www2.jpl.nasa.gov...
Epoch 2450520.50000 = 1997 Mar 13.00000
Post-Fit Std.Dev.
e 0.995038361 .000005177
q 0.914119479 .000009551
Tp 2450539.6668732 .0031738483 1997 Apr 1.16687
Node 282.4709323 .0000289
w 130.5943673 .0003987
i 89.4283468 .0002580
www2.jpl.nasa.gov...
Epoch 2450520.50000 = 1997 Mar 13.00000
Post-Fit Std.Dev.
e .995072729 .000004475
q .914084667 .000007855
Tp 2450539.6399555 .0023588 1997 Apr 1.13996
Node 282.4707037 .0000174
w 130.5927430 .0003436
i 89.4299101 .0001570
www2.jpl.nasa.gov...
Epoch 2450520.50000 = 1997 Mar 13.00000
Post-Fit Std.Dev.
e 0.995074405 .000002637
q 0.914091158 .000003276
Tp 2450539.6403976 .000784846 1997 Apr 1.14040
Node 282.4707136 .000006434
w 130.5924921 .000208536
i 89.4297811 .000059341
Originally posted by daz__
At least I have garbage sources.
Originally posted by Phage
reply to post by gringoboy
Apollo 10 did not "slingshot" around the Moon. It orbited the Moon for 2 and half days before firing its rocket to leave lunar orbit and return to Earth.
But sure. An asteroid which was on a precisely calculated trajectory, moving at a precisely calculated size, approaching the Moon at a precisely calculated distance, might do that. But this asteroid is not doing that.
reply to post by gringoboy Apollo 10 did not "slingshot" around the Moon. It orbited the Moon for 2 and half days before firing its rocket to leave lunar orbit and return to Earth. But sure. An asteroid which was on a precisely calculated trajectory, moving at a precisely calculated size, approaching the Moon at a precisely calculated distance, might do that. But this asteroid is not doing that.
Originally posted by Phage
reply to post by gringoboy
The Apollo missions entered stable orbits around the Moon.
This is a slingshot:
www.schoolphysics.co.uk...
But sure. An asteroid which was on a precisely calculated trajectory, moving at a precisely calculated speed, approaching the Moon at a precisely calculated distance, might do that. But this asteroid is not doing that.