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....Steven Jones test results are wrong
It is not necessarliy whether the test results were right or wrong, it is the conclusions drawn from the results and based on basic scientific method of investigation whether or not they are relevant.
They are not.
No control group = no science.
The reaction in the absence of air is obvious from the stoichiometry. All of these metal oxide reductions with aluminum run this way.
2Al + Fe2O3 --> Al2O3 + 2 Fe
Note how much thermite is used. The pot is about a liter, but how much thermite is that?
Stoichiometric thermite requires 2 moles of Al per 1 mole of Fe2O3
2Al + Fe2O3 = Al2O3 + 2Fe
2 moles of Al weigh 54 g
1 mole of Fe2O3 weighs 160 g
density of Al=2.64 g/cc
density of Fe2O3=5.24 g/cc
54 grams of Al is equivalent to 20.5 cc of Al.
160g of Fe2O3 is equivalent to 30.5 cc of Fe2O3
Therefore, 51 cc of fully dense powder of 20.5 cc Al and 30.5 cc Fe2O3 weighs (54+160) g = 214 g.
A volume of 1000 cc would weigh (1000/51)*214 = 4.2 kg
For a powder packing density of 50%, the powder would weigh:
0.5*4.2 kg = 2.1 kg = 4.8 lb
That much just to burn a small hole in a small car engine. I bet it's even an aluminum block but lets say it isn't. How much do you think it would take to burn a massive core column? Then add enough to burn for 6 weeks! You see where we're going. You'd need tons.
Here's a Debunking911 Fun Fact!
New paper published in the peer-reviewed Open Chemical Physics Journal by Dr. Steven Jones and 8 others discusses the "red chips" found in World Trade Center dust following the destruction on 9/11. Their conclusion: Thermite. Debunkers: submit your work for peer-review and publication.
You are correct, I did post that snippet too much out of context, I realized that after I posted it. However, I didn't mean to imply that you thought his results were wrong, my point was and still is that the results of any test in this scenario are irrelevant because the whole premise is unscientific.
The Open Chemical Physics Journal, 2009, Volume 2
Pg. 23
2. Is the Red Material Thermitic in Nature?
Our observations show that the red material contains substantial amounts of aluminum, iron and oxygen, mixed together very finely. In the sample soaked in MEK, we observed a clear migration and aggregation of the aluminum away from other elements and determined that elemental
aluminum and iron oxide must be present. In the product
collected after DSC ignition, we found spheres which were
not initially present. Many of these spheres were iron rich
and elemental iron was found in the post-ignition debris.
Further, the DSC traces demonstrate that the red/gray chips react vigorously at a temperature below the melting point of
aluminum and below the ignition (oxidation) point of ultrafine
grain (UFG) aluminum in air [18].
*
These observations reminded us of nano-thermite fabricated at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and elsewhere; available papers describe this material as an intimate mixture of UFG aluminum and iron oxide in nano-thermite composites to form pyrotechnics or explosives [19-21]. The thermite reaction involves aluminum and a metal oxide, as in this typical reaction with iron oxide:
2Al + Fe2O3 Al2O3 + 2Fe (molten iron), H = 853.5
kJ/mole
Commercially available thermite behaves as an incendiary
when ignited [6], but when the ingredients are ultra-fine
grain (UFG) and are intimately mixed, this “nano-thermite”
reacts very rapidly, even explosively, and is sometimes referred
to as “super-thermite” [20, 22].
… Meanwhile, we compare with products of commercially available (macro-) thermite. During ignition of thermite, we have observed that many spheres and spheroids are formed as part of the molten product of the reaction is vigorously scattered. These particles tend to become spherical due to surface tension and, being small, are rapidly cooled and solidify as they fall through the air, thus their spherical shape is preserved.
To facilitate comparisons between the products of
red/gray chip ignition and commercial thermite ignition, we
juxtapose the respective images and XEDS spectra.
We observe that the spheroidal residues from ignition of
red chips (Figs. 25, 26) possess a strikingly similar chemical
signature to a typical XEDS spectrum from a spheroid generated
by commercial thermite (Fig. 24). This similarity supports
our hypothesis that the red chips are indeed a form of
thermite.
Originally posted by pteridine
reply to post by smurfy
If there is no reaction in the absence of air, it is not thermite. Paint burns in air but not in the absence of air.
In fact, burning garbage creates iron containing spheres as well. Must be thermite
Originally posted by hooper
reply to post by impressme
You are correct, I did post that snippet too much out of context, I realized that after I posted it. However, I didn't mean to imply that you thought his results were wrong, my point was and still is that the results of any test in this scenario are irrelevant because the whole premise is unscientific.
The original samples are of dubious origin and provenance and relevancy. Someone scooped up some dust on the way back from ground zero on 9/11. No idea about how much of the "sample" was from the collapse of the building and how much was there to begin with (native content). The fact that they approached the whole exercise from the standpoint that they already believed something was afoot, this is the first step in an exercise of forgone conclusions. And finally no control group, they didn't test anything samples from any other places, the comparative sample called the "paint sample" was, well, just undocumented. The whole thing stinks which is why no real science journal would ever touch something like this and they had to pay to have it published and even then it was considered so outlandish and so far removed from anything even resembling science that the editor of the pay to publish site resigned.
Originally posted by smurfy
There may well be something wrong with the way the heat testing was conducted to produce a certain result as per Dr Jones's outcome. So, what I was asking was if, Dr Jones or whoever had conducted his tests properly and the outcome was an explosive type of combustion, what are the alternatives to Thermite? was the testing flawed? whatever, it behoves you to answer a little more than the way you did, and not horses for courses.