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Metallurgists at Kanpur IIT claim that a thin layer of "misawite", a compound of iron, oxygen, and hydrogen, has protected the cast iron pillar from rust. The protective film took form within three years after erection of the pillar and has been growing ever so slowly since then. After 1,600 years, the film has grown just one-twentieth of a millimetre thick, according to R. Balasubramaniam of the IIT.
In a report published in the journal Current Science, Balasubramaniam says the protective film was formed catalytically by the presence of high amounts of phosphorus in the iron — this phosphorus is as much as one per cent against less than 0.05 per cent in today's iron. The high phosphorus content is a result of the iron-making process practiced by ancient Indians, who reduced iron ore into steel in one step by mixing it with charcoal.
Another theory suggests that the reason that the pillar resists rust is due to its thickness, which allows the sun to heat the pillar sufficiently during the day to evaporate all rain or dew from its surface. The accumulated heat also keeps the surface dry at night.
Originally posted by warthog911
13. Weird Orbit: ...The moon’s center of mass is about 6000 feet closer to the Earth than its geometric center (which should cause wobbling), but the moon’s bulge is on the far side of the moon, away from the Earth.
Moon's Strange Bulge Finally Explained
An eccentric orbit in the Moon's distant past might be responsible for the mysterious bulge around its middle, scientists say.
The excess material around the lunar equator has been known since 1799 when French mathematician Pierre-Simon Laplace first noticed it. The reason, however, has been a mystery until now.
The Moon's peculiar shape can be explained if the satellite moved in an eccentric oval-shaped orbit 100 million years after its violent formation, when the satellite hadn't yet solidified, the researchers say.
It was like a big ball of molasses and all around the equator it got deformed, study team member Ian Garrick-Bethell of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology told SPACE.com.
Around that time, conditions, such as orbit shape and position, were optimal for this "ball of molasses" to cool down and become the solid moon that we now know.
Today, the Moon's orbit around the Earth is nearly circular.
To predict the Moon's position and orbit millions of years ago, Garrick-Bethel and colleagues extrapolated backwards from ancient records of the timing of historical solar eclipses and of changes in the distance between the Earth and Moon.
Originally posted by cmdrkeenkid
Moon's Strange Bulge Finally Explained
The Moon's peculiar shape can be explained if the satellite moved in an eccentric oval-shaped orbit 100 million years after its violent formation, when the satellite hadn't yet solidified, the researchers say.
It was like a big ball of molasses and all around the equator it got deformed, study team member Ian Garrick-Bethell of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology told SPACE.com.
Around that time, conditions, such as orbit shape and position, were optimal for this "ball of molasses" to cool down and become the solid moon that we now know.
Originally posted by cmdrkeenkid
Among all the hypotheses for why Iapetus is the way it is, that is the gist of the best one... The other two scientific ones are that: A.) Icy material had welled up underneath the crust, pushing it up; 2.) The ridge was caused by a close brush with Saturn's ring system.
Originally posted by warthog911
cmdrkeenkid debunk this!
Originally posted by warthog911
I believe that iapetus and our moon are spaceships.YOu can debunk this as much as you want.I know that ats is full of govt paid debunkers,i have yet to see who you are?.A skeptic a believer or a govt debunker.
Originally posted by Darkmind
Seriously, what's your proof that the moon is artificial?
Originally posted by watch_the_rocks
At the very least, the moon should be flying away from us at 100 kilometres an hour, but it isn't. How can it slot into that exact place at the exact right speed and all that?
Originally posted by Purgatory
Humans "think" they know all of the answers to everything, when in reality, their comprehension of all things greater than us is just a guess.
Originally posted by Purgatory
There is a perfect example (article above) that science is not always correct in their assumptions.
Originally posted by laiguana
I may have missed this somewhere...
Originally posted by Neon Haze
Even I would say that it does seem rather a large coincidence that not only is the moon currently the right distance to create an eclipse but that the moon is turning at exactly the correct speed to be always facing the same direction to an earth bound observer.