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Obama refocused NASA’s main mission towards two major priorities: Global Warming – and a Muslim outreach program
How does CO2 dissolve in water? Here is a sketchy outline of the process. As with the O2, the CO2 must cross the surface of the liquid:
CO2(g) CO2(aq)
It's a little easier for the CO2 to do so than for oxygen, because the oxygen ends of the molecule have a partial negative charge are better able to hydrogen-bond to the water as a result. The CO2 rather slowly acquires a shell of water molecules. A fraction of these hydrated carbon dioxide molecules react with the water to produce carbonic acid (H2CO3):
CO2(aq) + H2O H2CO3(aq)
The equilibrium constant for this reaction is about 1.6×10-3 around room temperature, which means that most of the dissolved carbon dioxide is present as hydrated CO2. Only about 16% reacts with water to form carbonic acid. The reaction is rather slow. It involves bending a stable, linear CO2 molecule (with a water parked oxygen-down over the carbon) into a Y-shaped O=C(OH)2 molecule.
The carbonic acid is a weak acid, and it can dissociate to form bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) and (in basic solution) carbonate ion: (CO32-):
H2CO3(aq) H+(aq) + HCO3-(aq)
HCO3-(aq) H+(aq) + CO32-(aq)
We conclude that ocean acidification and the synergistic impacts of other anthropogenic stressors provide great potential for widespread changes to marine ecosystems.
originally posted by: Agartha
The more molecules of gas = the greater the partial pressure = the more of that gas dissolves in the water (to keep the equilibrium solubility of a gas described in Henry's law).
But I know you are going to disagree and accuse me of of not understanding or something of the sort, so let's just leave it at that. It gets boring after a while.
originally posted by: MOMof3
Is proving "global warming" is a hoax make things better, I wonder. My husband's family just sold the family farm that they homesteaded in the 1870's. Because the weather patterns have most definitely changed in the last 5 years. It will take new people with new ideas to adapt now.
the less basic it will be.
originally posted by: TiredofControlFreaks
a reply to: jrod
Can you explain how PH of the oceans are measured?
And since the pH has varied by only 0.1 and you seem to think this is partiularly alarming - what is considered the natural variation of the ocean's ph
Since you claim to be so knowledgeable and all - I assume you would not mind sharing
Tired of Control freaks
-- en.wikipedia.org...
Seawater pH is typically limited to a range between 7.5 and 8.4. However, there is no universally accepted reference pH-scale for seawater and the difference between measurements based on different reference scales may be up to 0.14 units.
-Atmospheric carbon dioxide is not a pollutant. It is a non-toxic, non-irritating, and natural component of the atmosphere. Long-term CO2 enrichment studies confirm the findings of shorter-term experiments, demonstrating numerous growth-enhancing, water-conserving, and stress-alleviating effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on plants growing in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.
-There is little or no risk of increasing food insecurity due to global warming or rising atmospheric CO2 levels. Farmers and others who depend on rural livelihoods for income are benefiting from rising agricultural productivity around the world, including in parts of Asia and Africa where the need for increased food supplies is most critical. Rising temperatures and atmospheric CO2 levels play a key role in the realization of such benefits.
-Rising temperatures and atmospheric CO2 levels do not pose a significant threat to aquatic life. Many aquatic species have shown considerable tolerance to temperatures and CO2 values predicted for the next few centuries, and many have demonstrated a likelihood of positive responses in empirical studies. Any projected adverse impacts of rising temperatures or declining seawater and freshwater pH levels (“acidification”) will be largely mitigated through phenotypic adaptation or evolution during the many decades to centuries it is expected to take for pH levels to fall.
-A modest warming of the planet will result in a net reduction of human mortality from temperature-related events. More lives are saved by global warming via the amelioration of cold-related deaths than are lost due to excessive heat. Global warming will have a negligible influence on human morbidity and the spread of infectious diseases.
originally posted by: TiredofControlFreaks
The fact that plankton blooms have increased by 20 % is a pretty good indication of a healthy ocean
originally posted by: Vector99
Why does everyone think the planet warming is a bad thing?