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Late Antique and Early Church Evidence
Moses was certainly depicted as the preeminent Jewish leader in writingsfrom late antiquity. Philo of Alexandria wrote a two-volume work devotedto Moses,
De Vita Mosis
, where he portrayed Moses as a divine king.
33
More importantly, Moses was known as a Jewish wonder worker in lateantiquity, a status conferred on him by critics such as Pliny and Celsus.Eusebius even went so far as to call Moses a contributor to the Isis cult,emphasizing his wonder-working ability.
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Moses was also referenced inseveral places in the magical papyri. In one incantation, the magician wassupposed to take on the persona of Moses, saying, “I am Moses yourprophet to whom you have transmitted your mysteries, celebrated by Israel”
(
PGM
V.110). In another incantation, Moses is credited as anauthor of a secret book of spells, “Te Eighth Book of Moses,” exhibiting Moses as a model for all magicians. (
PGM
XIII.1–343). Moses wasconsidered a supernatural leader as Origen claimed: “Tere have been twomen who have come to visit the human race of whom supernatural mira-cles have been recorded; I mean Moses, your lawgiver . . . and Jesus” (Origen,
Cels.
1.45).Comparing Jesus to Moses was fairly common in early church texts. Teauthor of the
Epistle of Barnabas
as well as Justin Martyr employed an alle-gorical typology to demonstrate Moses as prefiguring Jesus.
35
In the case of Justin, it appears that the staff of Jesus was meant to recall the staff thatMoses utilizes in the performance of his miracles. Te iconography of theRoman relief sculptures confirms the intention by sight, and the textualreferences reveal the motivation to connect the wonders of Moses to themiracles of Jesus. Justin in his
Dialogue with rypho
was perhaps the mostexplicit: When Moses was sent with a rod to deliver the people, he held it in hishands at their head, and he divided the sea in two. With this rod he touched the rock and saw water gush forth. And, by throwing a tree into the bitter waters of Marah, he made them sweet. By placing rods in their drinking-places, Jacob caused the sheep of his mother’s brother to conceive . . . Aaron’s rod, by blossoming, proved him to be the high priest. Isaiah, indeed, foretold that Christ would come forth as a rod from the root of Jesse.
According to Justin, Christ will come as a “rod.” His miracle-working power is connected to the wonders of Moses. The staff became a commonelement tying the two figures together. It is no accident in the artworksthat the staff of Jesus is stylistically similar to the staff of Moses. Te moti-vation of depicting Christ wielding a staff is to depict him as a wonderworker similar yet superior to Moses. The staff marks him as a prophecy fulfilled: He is the rod from the root of Jesse, and his staff and effective miracles prove it to be so. Te staff of Moses was a remarkable and tangible attribute that is useful to endow Christian figures with the traits of Moses,and to remind viewers of the Christian fulfillment of Old testament prophecies.
gardener
So thats how our Savior changed water into wine!
Did Moses have one too? I mean, he parted the seas!
NavyDoc
reply to post by dashen
Several of those depictions also show Jesus wearing a Roman toga. Does that mean he was really a roman aristocrat as well?
dashen
NavyDoc
reply to post by dashen
Several of those depictions also show Jesus wearing a Roman toga. Does that mean he was really a roman aristocrat as well?
Jesus and His teachings were rejected by a majority of the Jewish population. Although the early Christian cult took hold in Roman and Egyptian mystic circles. And mysticism is often the fad of the aristocracy
Doodle19815
As mentioned above, even Moses had a "magical staff". His turned into a snake.