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Neanderthal man did not, after all, leave his genes behind when he became extinct 40,000 years ago, according to a study that discredits the idea of the Neanderthals interbreeding with the ancestors of modern humans. The latest analysis of the Neanderthal genome has contradicted a study of 2010 that concluded there was limited interbreeding with Homo sapiens, suggesting there was a little bit of Neanderthal left in many people alive today.
Higher Levels of Neanderthal Ancestry in East Asians Than in Europeans
Wall, Jeffrey D., Melinda A. Yang, Flora Jay, Sung K. Kim, Eric Y. Durand, Laurie S. Stevison, Christopher Gignoux, August Woerner, Michael F. Hammer and Montgomery Slatkin.
Neanderthals were a group of archaic hominins that occupied most of Europe and parts of Western Asia from roughly 30-300 thousand years ago (Kya). They coexisted with modern humans during part of this time. Previous genetic analyses that compared a draft sequence of the Neanderthal genome with genomes of several modern humans concluded that Neanderthals made a small (1-4%) contribution to the gene pools of all non-African populations. This observation was consistent with a single episode of admixture from Neanderthals into the ancestors of all non-Africans when the two groups coexisted in the Middle East 50-80 Kya. We examined the relationship between Neanderthals and modern humans in greater detail by applying two complementary methods to the published draft Neanderthal genome and an expanded set of high-coverage modern human genome sequences. We find that, consistent with the recent finding of Meyer et al. (2012), Neanderthals contributed more DNA to modern East Asians than to modern Europeans. Furthermore we find that the Maasai of East Africa have a small but significant fraction of Neanderthal DNA. Because our analysis is of several genomic samples from each modern human population considered, we are able to document the extent of variation in Neanderthal ancestry within and among populations. Our results combined with those previously published show that a more complex model of admixture between Neanderthals and modern humans is necessary to account for the different levels of Neanderthal ancestry among human populations. In particular, at least some Neanderthal-modern human admixture must postdate the separation of the ancestors of modern European and modern East Asian populations
rickymouse
Being that there is a little bit of neanderthal in most of us from northern areas, it seems that the blending has helped us to survive. The ones that didn't have this blending from eons ago didn't survive well in the north, but that doesn't mean that they didn't migrate south to warmer climates.
I think that the different blendings of different species with the modern human actually makes us more indiferent to each other. A person with a little cromagnum instead of neanderthal would not smell the same. Same with purer strains of modern humans. Wars are fought for greed most times though, not because of genetics. Greed can have many personalities, one would be that your genetic type is the one controlling others.
Abstract
Recent studies of ancient genomes have suggested that gene flow from archaic hominin groups to the ancestors of modern humans occurred on two separate occasions during the modern human expansion out of Africa. At the same time, decreasing levels of human genetic diversity have been found at increasing distance from Africa as a consequence of human expansion out of Africa. We analyzed the signal of archaic ancestry in modern human populations, and we investigated how serial founder models of human expansion affect the signal of archaic ancestry using simulations. For descendants of an archaic admixture event, we show that genetic drift coupled with ascertainment bias for common alleles can cause artificial but largely predictable differences in similarity to archaic genomes. In genotype data from non-Africans, this effect results in a biased genetic similarity to Neandertals with increasing distance from Africa. However, in addition to the previously reported gene flow between Neandertals and non-Africans as well as gene flow between an archaic human population from Siberia (“Denisovans”) and Oceanians, we found a significant affinity between East Asians, particularly Southeast Asians, and the Denisova genome—a pattern that is not expected under a model of solely Neandertal admixture in the ancestry of East Asians. These results suggest admixture between Denisovans or a Denisova-related population and the ancestors of East Asians, and that the history of anatomically modern and archaic humans might be more complex than previously proposed
But the latest DNA studies shows that there is no neanderthal DNA present in modern humans!
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reply to post by Phage
It's the LATEST study, hence, more accurate.
unknown known
reply to post by Phage
It's the LATEST study, hence, more accurate.