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The density of a substance is its mass per unit volume. The symbol most often used for density is ρ (the lower case Greek letter rho). Mathematically, density is defined as mass divided by volume:[1]
\rho = \frac[m][V],
where ρ is the density, m is the mass, and V is the volume. In some cases (for instance, in the United States oil and gas industry), density is loosely defined as its weight per unit volume,[2] although this is scientifically inaccurate – this quantity is more properly called specific weight.
Different materials usually have different densities, and density may be relevant to buoyancy, purity and packaging. Osmium and iridium are the densest known elements at standard conditions for temperature and pressure but certain chemical compounds may be denser.
To simplify comparisons of density across different systems of units, it is sometimes replaced by the dimensionless quantity "specific gravity" or "relative density", i.e. the ratio of the density of the material to that of a standard material, usually water. Thus a specific gravity less than one means that the substance floats in water.
The density of a material varies with temperature and pressure. This variation is typically small for solids and liquids but much greater for gases. Increasing the pressure on an object decreases the volume of the object and thus increases its density. Increasing the temperature of a substance (with a few exceptions) decreases its density by increasing its volume. In most materials, heating the bottom of a fluid results in convection of the heat from the bottom to the top, due to the decrease in the density of the heated fluid. This causes it to rise relative to more dense unheated material.
The reciprocal of the density of a substance is occasionally called its specific volume, a term sometimes used in thermodynamics. Density is an intensive property in that increasing the amount of a substance does not increase its density; rather it increases its mass.
In physics and mathematics, the dimension of a space or object is informally defined as the minimum number of coordinates needed to specify any point within it.[1][2] Thus a line has a dimension of one because only one coordinate is needed to specify a point on it (for example, the point at 5 on a number line). A surface such as a plane or the surface of a cylinder or sphere has a dimension of two because two coordinates are needed to specify a point on it (for example, to locate a point on the surface of a sphere you need both its latitude and its longitude). The inside of a cube, a cylinder or a sphere is three-dimensional because three coordinates are needed to locate a point within these spaces.
In physical terms, dimension refers to the constituent structure of all space (cf. volume) and its position in time (perceived as a scalar dimension along the t-axis), as well as the spatial constitution of objects within—structures that correlate with both particle and field conceptions, interact according to relative properties of mass—and are fundamentally mathematical in description. These, or other axes, may be referenced to uniquely identify a point or structure in its attitude and relationship to other objects and occurrences. Physical theories that incorporate time, such as general relativity, are said to work in 4-dimensional "spacetime", (defined as a Minkowski space). Modern theories tend to be "higher-dimensional" including quantum field and string theories. The state-space of quantum mechanics is an infinite-dimensional function space.
The concept of dimension is not restricted to physical objects. High-dimensional spaces occur in mathematics and the sciences for many reasons, frequently as configuration spaces such as in Lagrangian or Hamiltonian mechanics; these are abstract spaces, independent of the physical space we live in.
Bedlam
Any other use of the term "density" is an intentional misnomer attempting to make the topic sound "sciency". As, for example, its use by New Agers. The same way they misuse "vibration", "field", "energy" and whatnot.
BardingTheBard
If "new agers" tried to make up their own words people would make fun of them for that and it would be even more confusing.
BardingTheBard
That's *people*. All fields have people who mix up concepts, terms, etc.
That said, we're always most surprised by what we didn't know we didn't know but thought we knew.
Bedlam
Even the term "metaphysics" has been co-opted, a philosopher would use the term very differently than a paranormal investigator.
Bedlam
With new agers, it's endemic. I'm not sure I've ever read a "respected" new ager from Chopra on down that doesn't try some sort of term-based syncretism to bolster their metaphysical ramblings. Even the term "metaphysics" has been co-opted, a philosopher would use the term very differently than a paranormal investigator.
BardingTheBard
Have you fully explored the possibility your assumptions and belief that you know better than they is preventing you from understanding what they are communicating? That what you *think* they are saying and believe to be wrong isn't what they are actually saying?
I say this only because... well... I've held your perspectives. Then at some point, I realized I was the one who had been interpreting what they had to say incorrectly. It doesn't mean I think they are all correct, not by a long shot... no more than science is all correct either.
...which also dramatically accelerated my ability to absorb and understand all the fields.
But enough about that... Let's play a game related to the OP regarding "what do these words mean".
Tell me what energy is. You made a claim that you know the appropriate places and ways of utilizing energy in formulating theories/concepts and that others are using it wrong... so that must mean you know what it is in order to be able to define the limits of its use.
Bedlam
IMHO.
Bedlam
That one's straightforward - energy is the capacity to perform work. You also have to use the physics definition of "work" and "capacity" here. You can have energy that can't perform work because there's no differential to perform the work against - i.e. a closed thermodynamic system looked at as an abstract. However, in such a system, there are always some sort of internal kinetics that can be measured as energy - the energy in internal photons or in some gas at a uniform temperature.
Bedlam
What energy is NOT, is "feelings about something" i.e. if I like something,it's sending out "positive energy" or if I don't it's "negative energy".