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Our results provide direct experimental evidence for a significant increase in the Earth's greenhouse effect that is consistent with concerns over radiative forcing of climate.
Our interpretation of Fig. 1 is as follows. We consider ®rst the sharp spectral features. A negative-going brightness temperature difference is observed on the edge of the CO2 n 2 band, between 710 and 740 cm-1 , in accord with the known increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations between 1970 and 19971 . The O3 band centred at about 1,060 cm-1 also shows a negative-going difference from the background window signal, which can be attributed to the known changes in ozone17 and in temperature18.
A strong, negative Q-branch is observed at 1,304 cm-1 in the CH4 band, due mainly to increases in tropospheric CH4 concentrations in the period between the observations, which causes emission from higher, colder layers of the troposphere. Negative-going lines due to n 2 -band H2 O absorption are seen between 1,200 and 1,400 cm-1 . There is also evidence of weak features due to CO2 , CFC-11 and CFC-12 in the 700±1,000 cm-1 range.
Harries et al 2001
The results suggest that while the sampling pattern of the IRIS instrument is sufficiently well distributed and dense to generate monthly regional mean brightness temperatures that are within 1.5 K of the true all-sky values, the IMG sampling is too sparse and yields results that differ from the true case by up to 6.0 K. Under cloud-free conditions the agreement with the true field for both instruments improves to within a few tenths of a kelvin.
Comparisons with the observed IMG–IRIS difference spectra show that these uncertainties due to sampling presently limit the conclusions that can be drawn about climatically significant feedback processes. However, further analysis using the sampling characteristics of the Advanced Infrared Sounder (AIRS) instrument suggests that as climate change progresses, spectral measurements may be able to pick out significant changes due to processes such as cloud feedback.
Harries et al 2003
But the contrarians love to conveniently ignore all that empirical evidence and make this issue all about some ambiguous correlation, so they can attack their own fluffy weak science, and smother everything in uncertainty and political propaganda instead.