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Feb. 21, 2013 — Flowers' methods of communicating are at least as sophisticated as any devised by an advertising agency, according to a new study, published Feb. 21 in Science Express by researchers from the University of Bristol. However, for any advertisement to be successful, it has to reach, and be perceived by, its target audience. The research shows for the first time that pollinators such as bumblebees are able to find and distinguish electric signals given out by flowers.
By placing electrodes in the stems of petunias, the researchers showed that when a bee lands, the flower's potential changes and remains so for several minutes. Could this be a way by which flowers tell bees another bee has recently been visiting?
To their surprise, the researchers discovered that bumblebees can detect and distinguish between different floral electric fields.
Also, the researchers found that when bees were given a learning test, they were faster at learning the difference between two colours when electric signals were also available.
How then do bees detect electric fields? This is not yet known, although the researchers speculate that hairy bumblebees bristle up under the electrostatic force, just like one's hair in front of an old television screen.
The discovery of such electric detection has opened up a whole new understanding of insect perception and flower communication.
"The co-evolution between flowers and bees has a long and beneficial history, so perhaps it's not entirely surprising that we are still discovering today how remarkably sophisticated their communication is."
So, they designed an experiment — one described in this week's Science magazine. The researchers built a small arena full of fake flowers. Each flower was simple — a stalk with a small steel dish at the top. Half of the "flowers" held delicious sugar water. The other half held quinine, a substance that bees find bitter and disgusting.
When bumblebees explored this false flower patch, they moved around randomly. They chose to land on sweet flowers just about as often as bitter flowers.
But when the sweet flowers carried a small charge, the bees learned pretty quickly to choose the charged flowers. And when the electric charge was removed? They went back to their random foraging.
The bees had recognized the electric field, and had learned to use it to find sweet flowers. But that's not all.
"In the seconds just before the bee lands, there is electrical activity in the plant," Sutton says.
The plant's electric field is changed by the proximity of that positively charged bee. And once the bee leaves, the field stays changed for 100 seconds or so. That's long enough for the altered field to serve as a warning for the next bee that buzzes by. She won't stop to investigate a flower that's already been visited.
It's interesting that bumblebees may sense electric fields from plants. That documentary, on the other hand, is pure trash.
Other insects see flowers in terms of ultra violet light, so they are still able to be pollinated...but in terms of sexual selection, this may spell even further disaster for bees, with flowers 'choosing' instead to switch off the EMF function in preference for ultra violet based attraction as a more reliable source of procreation.
Originally posted by wildtimes
reply to post by Bedlam
It's interesting that bumblebees may sense electric fields from plants. That documentary, on the other hand, is pure trash.
You were one of the ones on the thread I saw posted.....
you're a scientist, correct?
Forgetting the parts of the doc that condemn cell towers and phones, etc. ..... and just taking into account the fact that EMFs affect bees, birds, butterflies, etc.........
still trash? Why so dismissive?
edit to add: You're likely not going to catch them, for the same reason you aren't seeing that your article discusses electric fields, not radio signals - they're not the same. "Documentaries" like that one sound nice, sciency, plausible, if you don't have the prerequisite knowledge to see the mistakes and lies.
Originally posted by wildtimes
"Catch" whom? The bees?
"My" article? It's from Science Daily and NPR!
I don't have the 'prerequisite knowledge' of magnetic and radio fields, no. But...the fact is that bees are dying; deserting their hives; and birds are dropping out of the sky in 'clumps' (I'd say 'droves', but that implies cattle).
Why are you so hostile about this?
Might I ask?
it deludes nice folks like YOU, and that's who it's targeted at.
Originally posted by wildtimes
But....Science Daily and NPR?
I'm sorry, it's hard for me to imagine dismissing those as crap sources. Yet again - I'm no scientist.....
Originally posted by rickymouse
That is interesting S&F. So the bees can sense the field of the flowers. A smell is actually a vibration of energy that is governed by the metals and chemicals it contains. Every plant takes in a unique set of minerals to form it's shape and color. I never realized that smell was actually an energy signature till reading this. What smelling really is is not really explained well. I'm going to study this more.
Those articles discuss something that may be borne out, with more research.
Originally posted by wildtimes
reply to post by Bedlam
Those articles discuss something that may be borne out, with more research.
Okay. We're cool then.
Are you concerned about the effects that humans have on the planet's balance? What do you think is the level of disruption that 'we' humans can cause?
the astral jelly and the luminous worms.