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I think we're being turned against one another.

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posted on Jan, 28 2013 @ 07:30 PM
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I see it all the time on other social forums. The latest was a new poster who said he supported the NRA. He then went on to post racist after racist rant. He ignored actual gun topics. His arrival coincided with another new poster who went on a pro Obama anti racist tyrade. I have no doubt this was the same person, although I doubt he was a shill since he definitely seemed to be a very young person. Just a little tool trying to make " his enemies" look bad by pretending to to be them, it happens all the time in the anonymity of the internet.
But I've seen a few actual shills who do the same thing and they seem to to live to try to create division and incite racial hatred. Fully 80% of these guys operate with a left wing agenda and I do think some get paid to promote that crap. The right wing has passion and right or wrong, they at least do what they do out of ideology, not as a business. Radio talk show hosts excluded.
The next time you hear some cracker hillbilly talking about how he hates minorities, rest assured there's a more than even chance he's the complete opposite of who he says he is.
The same goes for those who ridicule conspiracy theories. They probably know more than we could imagine. And the wildest most ridiculous theories are often just planted to make actual conspiracies seem crazy too.

Conspiracies that seem to want to be debunked: Gun banning and Obamas Birth/ College records . They put a lot of effort into slamming those who try to get at the truth on them.



posted on Jan, 28 2013 @ 07:30 PM
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Originally posted by jimmyx

Originally posted by Tecumte
reply to post by samerulesapply
 


People seem to be in survival mode now though, hunkering down and preparing to try and ride out the storm, and it's like a band of insane drunken pirates has taken over the ship, it makes it hard to think about how to move forward at the same time. It really feels like America is under attack. To retain any sanity, I see people withdrawing as much as possible from the insanity of The Machine, and realizing they are only as 'free' as they are not dependent on it for survival.



hate to tell you, but the "bunker" and survivor" mentality was here during the 60's...the threat of nuclear war from russia over the cuban missle crisis, the vietnam war killing thousands of americans a year, race riots, etc....
bunker, food hoarders, gun buying were all the rage back then too.
"fear" is used in many ways, for many reasons.


True, I guess I was more referring to 'hunkering down' economically. No need to live in fear though, one end awaits us all eventually, I think I may see the opposite now though overall, more and more citizens of the world willing to rise up and calling BS where it exists. I do think there is an Awakening, and the net has helped bring it into existance. where it goes from here is anyone's guess.



posted on Jan, 28 2013 @ 09:10 PM
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You do what you do and I'll do what I do. As a responsible gun owner the only way I'll affect you as being a neighbor or your area when something bad happens I'll be there before the cops. If you don't want assistance kindly reject and I will kindly let you get pillaged. Nothing o argue about. You cherish your certain freedoms and I cherish mine. People that let this get in between each other deserve to be chewed up by the meat grinder. For each his own.



posted on Jan, 29 2013 @ 06:51 AM
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I just find it hard to believe in the U.S. that the second amendment gets argued about constantly over interpretation. Well the founding fathers never intended this or that because of technology blah blah blah......think again. This is why they thought what they thought. Simply because they came from a tyrannical government and did not want that to happen to someone else. So they wrought this great nation with their sweat and blood, the blood of their brows, and their brother's and children's brows.

"A free people ought not only to be armed and disciplined, but they should have sufficient arms and ammunition to maintain a status of independence from any who might attempt to abuse them, which would include their own government."
- George Washington

"I ask sir, what is the militia? It is the whole people except for a few politicians."
- George Mason (father of the Bill of Rights and The Virginia Declaration of Rights)

"The laws that forbid the carrying of arms are laws of such a nature. They disarm only those who are neither inclined nor determined to commit crimes.... Such laws make things worse for the assaulted and better for the assailants; they serve rather to encourage than to prevent homicides, for an unarmed man may be attacked with greater confidence than an armed man."
- Thomas Jefferson (quoting 18th century criminologist Cesare Beccaria)

"I prefer dangerous freedom over peaceful slavery."
- Thomas Jefferson

"The ruling class doesn't care about public safety. Having made it very difficult for States and localities to police themselves, having left ordinary citizens with no choice but to protect themselves as best they can, they now try to take our guns away. In fact they blame us and our guns for crime. This is so wrong that it cannot be an honest mistake."
Malcolm Wallop
former U.S. Sen. (R-WY

"I ask, Sir, what is the militia? It is the whole people. To disarm the people is the best and most effectual way to enslave them."
George Mason
Co-author of the Second Amendment
during Virginia's Convention to Ratify the Constitution, 1788

"Firearms stand next in importance to the constitution itself. They are the American people's liberty teeth and keystone under independence … from the hour the Pilgrims landed to the present day, events, occurences and tendencies prove that to ensure peace security and happiness, the rifle and pistol are equally indispensable … the very atmosphere of firearms anywhere restrains evil interference — they deserve a place of honor with all that's good."
George Washington
First President of the United States

"The supposed quietude of a good man allures the ruffian; while on the other hand arms, like laws, discourage and keep the invader and plunderer in awe, and preserve order in the world as property. The same balance would be preserved were all the world destitute of arms, for all would be alike; but since some will not, others dare not lay them aside … Horrid mischief would ensue were the law-abiding deprived of the use of them."
Thomas Paine

"To preserve liberty, it is essential that the whole body of the people always possess arms and be taught alike, especially when young, how to use them."
Richard Henry Lee
American Statesman, 1788

"Those who hammer their guns into plowshares will plow for those who do not."
Thomas Jefferson
Third President of the United States

"The constitutions of most of our States assert that all power is inherent in the people; that … it is their right and duty to be at all times armed; … "
Thomas Jefferson
letter to Justice John Cartwright, June 5, 1824. ME 16:45.

"The supreme power in America cannot enforce unjust laws by the sword; because the whole body of the people are armed, and constitute a force superior to any band of regular troops."
- Noah Webster

"The right of the citizens to keep and bear arms has justly been considered, as the palladium of the liberties of a republic; since it offers a strong moral check against the usurpation and arbitrary power of rulers; and will generally, even if these are successful in the first instance, enable the people to resist and triumph over them."
- Joseph Story

"What, Sir, is the use of a militia? It is to prevent the establishment of a standing army, the bane of liberty .... Whenever Governments mean to invade the rights and liberties of the people, they always attempt to destroy the militia, in order to raise an army upon their ruins."
- Rep. Elbridge Gerry of Massachusetts

There should be no discussion on this topic except for in the instance of criminals who have committed violent crimes, felonies, or do not have a clean bill of mental health so to speak. These are the only logical arguments or debates on the subject I can see as being logical. To debate anything else is to become something other than what we are "supposed" to be which is FREE!!! and I say in the same famous words of another man, "GIVE ME LIBERTY OR GIVE ME DEATH!!!"



posted on Jan, 29 2013 @ 06:55 AM
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why do we even care what other countries think about our constitution??

first the UK has been arresting people for posting on social media sites, cause they arent gauranteed free speach!

we have a totally different type of problem in this country. for the amount of guns we have, the murder rates are quite low, for every 3000 guns there is 1 death. (that includes accidental shootings, suicides, self defense and even police shootings)

we have a massive gang problem and drug trade, along with an open border! The UK is an island and different laws about drugs! (is it still legal to get heroine there?)

we have gangs, that REQUIRE you to KILL a rival gang member in order to join! drugs are a big money maker and if you watch the drug trafficking routes, thats where you see the killings.

also how many "innocents" that are killed in shootings are retallitory for a family member who might be in a gang? or for calling the cops, cause they are dealing drugs on the corner? typical way to scare people, I wont go after you, but I will kill one of your family members!

in chicago alone, they have a few hundred gangs fighting for control, since the FBI proscecuted a few gang "bosses" and since Rhanm became mayor, they are short approx. 100 police officers.

in my area alone, we are seeing more problems, cause gang members are coming here! there are few jobs out here and they can get government aide, alot easier! and its along the drug trade route!

also some countries allow suicide, even if you are healthy, and just dont want to live any more! so they dont have that type of "homicide" rate.

and how many countries that are calling for our disarmament have the worst history of human rights violations!



posted on Jan, 29 2013 @ 06:57 AM
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why do we even care what other countries think about our constitution??

first the UK has been arresting people for posting on social media sites, cause they arent gauranteed free speach!

we have a totally different type of problem in this country. for the amount of guns we have, the murder rates are quite low, for every 3000 guns there is 1 death. (that includes accidental shootings, suicides, self defense and even police shootings)

we have a massive gang problem and drug trade, along with an open border! The UK is an island and different laws about drugs! (is it still legal to get heroine there?)

we have gangs, that REQUIRE you to KILL a rival gang member in order to join! drugs are a big money maker and if you watch the drug trafficking routes, thats where you see the killings.

also how many "innocents" that are killed in shootings are retallitory for a family member who might be in a gang? or for calling the cops, cause they are dealing drugs on the corner? typical way to scare people, I wont go after you, but I will kill one of your family members!

in chicago alone, they have a few hundred gangs fighting for control, since the FBI proscecuted a few gang "bosses" and since Rhanm became mayor, they are short approx. 100 police officers.

in my area alone, we are seeing more problems, cause gang members are coming here! there are few jobs out here and they can get government aide, alot easier! and its along the drug trade route!

also some countries allow suicide, even if you are healthy, and just dont want to live any more! so they dont have that type of "homicide" rate.

and how many countries that are calling for our disarmament have the worst history of human rights violations!



posted on Jan, 29 2013 @ 06:57 AM
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why do we even care what other countries think about our constitution??

first the UK has been arresting people for posting on social media sites, cause they arent gauranteed free speach!

we have a totally different type of problem in this country. for the amount of guns we have, the murder rates are quite low, for every 3000 guns there is 1 death. (that includes accidental shootings, suicides, self defense and even police shootings)

we have a massive gang problem and drug trade, along with an open border! The UK is an island and different laws about drugs! (is it still legal to get heroine there?)

we have gangs, that REQUIRE you to KILL a rival gang member in order to join! drugs are a big money maker and if you watch the drug trafficking routes, thats where you see the killings.

also how many "innocents" that are killed in shootings are retallitory for a family member who might be in a gang? or for calling the cops, cause they are dealing drugs on the corner? typical way to scare people, I wont go after you, but I will kill one of your family members!

in chicago alone, they have a few hundred gangs fighting for control, since the FBI proscecuted a few gang "bosses" and since Rhanm became mayor, they are short approx. 100 police officers.

in my area alone, we are seeing more problems, cause gang members are coming here! there are few jobs out here and they can get government aide, alot easier! and its along the drug trade route!

also some countries allow suicide, even if you are healthy, and just dont want to live any more! so they dont have that type of "homicide" rate.

and how many countries that are calling for our disarmament have the worst history of human rights violations!



posted on Jan, 29 2013 @ 08:06 AM
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Originally posted by SwineSlayer
I said this elsewhere weeks ago:


Originally posted by SwineSlayer
It's clear that the MSM and Liberal Agenda seek to paint any and all Conspiracy Theorists, Gun Owners, Conservatives, and anyone else acquiring their ire as being either "mentally ill" or a Domestic Terrorist..both of which would require immediate detainment / confinement upon that supposed recognition. An underlying indoctrination has slowly been taking place for decades to get to the point where America now teeters: A faction of deceived, illogical, non-thinkers seeking to neuter our most prolific, tangible Freedoms with broad, wide-ranging brushstrokes of demonizing discoloration of those daring to go against their grain. What makes that even worse is the absurd misinformation and finger pointing these Liberals so easily rationalize and somehow justify as permitted to enforce their will upon anyone else that thinks / believes differently than they do. They appear to have assumed a corrupted ideology that it's OK to sacrifice "some" citizens for the greater, common (their) good and if that means usurping Rights, Freedoms, and Liberties of those sacrificial citizenry then they eagerly yelp a rallying "so be it"!


I think it is crystal clear that the American populace is being played like pawns by TPTB. Wake up!


No offense but your comments to me say you are falling for it. When you are saying it's a liberal attack against conservatives, you don't realize that it's a political attack vs american's. That's what they want you to do. Pick a side in a fake argument, so you don't turn against the puppet masters. I think you mis the OPs point entirely.
When you say, it's not my side, it's their side, what is happening is you don't realise you are being played by all of them my friend.



posted on Jan, 29 2013 @ 05:44 PM
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reply to post by samerulesapply
 


Hello would like to state that this is my first post here on ATS, im a long time lurker, but i just made my account today. I do agree with this, the other day went to a restaurant with my family, a little middle-class italian pizza place. So im eating my food and i notice something strange, theres a family, what looks to be a mother and father eating at a dinner table, and they have 6 kids, the mom and dad are speaking to eachother, and i kid you not; ALL of these kids where on there iPhone 4s....im not exaggerating, all 6 were on there iphones. What happens when these kids grow up.....imagine there social skills as they progress its crazy. Good thread Op all we can do is stay as positive as possible.



posted on Jan, 30 2013 @ 03:47 PM
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The most intense disagreements are between the people who agree on most things. I don't think there's ever going to be a common ideology to bind the human race and frankly I don't think there ever should be. When one common ideology is subscribed to by a majority it makes it very difficult for any real change to happen.

The world is confusing and the world is absurd. Everybody is scared to work with the ideology behind existentialism (and rightly so) but sometimes things just happen.

Is there a conspiracy fueling disagreements between these camps? I don't think so.
Why? There doesn't have to be.



posted on Jan, 30 2013 @ 07:26 PM
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reply to post by Dekard1138
 


in chicago alone, they have a few hundred gangs fighting for control,


Sure, and today I heard they had surpassed their 40th homicide for just Jan. Why is that allowed to happen in a city like Chicago? It doesn't reallly seem to me because there aren't enough gun laws there. Or even police. Or cameras. Or drones.

I mean really, are more gun laws there going to help??? I'm sceptical. In fact sometimes I wonder if these violence infested areas are not only ALLOWED (at the least) but maybe encouraged, for use as poitical fodder. I think really it's because the tools of the 0,000001% could really care less how many of the 'locals' in certain neighborhoods die by violence and the more the problem created/allowed the more implementation of the pre-prescribed--- Solution.



posted on Jan, 30 2013 @ 08:45 PM
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This is my first post as well.

Funny thing is I've been thinking along the same lines. I don't want to get too far off track so I'll itemize:

1. Denying the existence of a unified "elite" group is short sighted; history has been tracking this group for generations. Supposed higher classes have been subjugating peaceful people and adversaries alike for as far back as archaeology can tell. Our current age of information technology makes it easier for them to keep tabs on us, but also makes it harder to separate us.

2. This I actually read here (sorry I'm still figuring this site out,) but the genetic thing sounds feasible to a point. This might be due to technologies I'm not yet familiar with. I do however disagree with it being uncontrollable or not reversible. Both my father and his father are prone to addiction and abuse. My grandfather was adopted so nothing past him is known. They both changed eventually but I have fought it relatively well my whole life. Try to figure this genome out; my father's parents are basically Anglo Saxon, my mother's mother migrated from Armenia and her father came from higher royalty... I would be within like 100th place for the crown of England, but my grandfather married out of royalty.

3. I could go on forever so I'll end with this one. There is potential for a unified set of rules when we are ready for it. I'll write a thread on it one day so I'll try to be brief here. One thing I took from my ethics 101 class was the difference between negotiation and collaboration; while negotiating each side gives something up to satisfy the whole, collaboration searches for the best option for all parties... basically, it a little more complicated than that though. We need to first take out emotional objectivity and biases and replace them with a unified concept of life because without the other forms of life we will not survive. Once this is established, we can use our emotions to pinpoint morality. Our Rule of Robert (Parliamentary Procedure) makes it too easy to inject venomous add-ons to seemingly well intended doctrines. Laws or rules should be easily understood and not require a translator/lawyer. I could seriously go on if given enough time. Bottom line: our systems are intentionally flawed to favor the wicked but they can be used to show what should and should not be done.

The puppeteers orchestrating our current problems don't want us to unite.
We could solve all our problems within a year if motivated to do so. They don't want that because it would put us all on even playing fields which would inflame their superiority complexes.

Religious superpowers get corrupted.
Business super giants get greedy.
Royalty becomes dictators.

There are humble faiths.
There are compassionate businesses.
There is altruistic monarchy.

I know every dynasty eventually becomes high on power. Could take one death, might take generations. All it takes is one to unite the people, but then the people need to follow thru. No blood line will ever stay untainted. Ever. Then we have the greys manipulators... I'm not getting into that though (laugh out loud.)

I hope I didn't make my first impression a bad one. I have a million ideas formulating and I'm hoping this community can help me see all perspectives. My mother taught me we all have God given gifts that are unique but we all share the gift, and burden, of choice. I too have and open mind and try not to become bigoted with my beliefs. Ohh, and for the record, when they try to disarm us Americans, they will have millions of veterans and tens of millions of civilians to deal with. Gun control is one thing, but our original Constitution was written by one of the most brilliant minds of that century and our ORIGINAL Bill of Rights is worth dying for. Just saying ;-)



posted on Jan, 30 2013 @ 08:46 PM
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I agree. This is what Sandy Hook is about, they are trying to separate the critical thinkers from the sheeple and label all "truthers" as crazy. Now truthers means anyone who does not swallow the entire official story. In my opinion 9/11 truth was getting to close. This is a last ditch false flag. The mortally wounded beast may be dying but you've gotta watch that tail.



posted on Jan, 30 2013 @ 09:19 PM
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reply to post by bmmark
 




We could solve all our problems within a year if motivated to do so. They don't want that because it would put us all on even playing fields which would inflame their superiority complexes


While that might possiby be true, I rather look at it as a business model, if we solve all our 'problems' what are people going to do for living? And better yet how are those billionaires going to become trillionaires, instead of ever really trying to solve problems, bandaides are much more lucrative. Really when you think about it they keep most all of us currently employed.
edit on 30-1-2013 by Tecumte because: sp.



posted on Jan, 31 2013 @ 08:23 AM
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reply to post by samerulesapply
 


You think? Classic divide and conquer, very old, employed even since the days of slavery. What is slavery, what is "lynch a N-Word" Where did the term "LYNCH" come from? Well, have you heard of William Lynch in regards to controlling slaves as not to have them learn, to rise up, to turn against their masters? Here's a snippet from Wikipedia telling HOW to control slaves... (we all know why they need to be controlled) People think this is a game, it's funny, cute, or just part of making money on crazy conspiracy websites with nutjobs posting UFO and BIGFOOT, I know what it's about, and this very entry read by a few will be like a virus in the mind, propogating knowledge and awareness, truth from fiction. Check out Solfeggio Tones while your mind is at it.

en.wikipedia.org...(Lynch_law)


Lynch's Law The term "Lynch's Law" was used as early as 1782 by a prominent Virginian named Charles Lynch to describe his actions in suppressing a suspected Loyalist uprising in 1780 during the American Revolutionary War.[1] The suspects were given a summary trial at an informal court; sentences handed down included whipping, property seizure, coerced pledges of allegiance, and conscription into the military. Charles Lynch's extralegal actions were retroactively legitimized by the Virginia General Assembly in 1782.[1] In 1811, Captain William Lynch claimed that the phrase "Lynch's Law", by then famous, actually came from a 1780 compact signed by him and his neighbours in Pittsylvania County, Virginia, to uphold their own brand of law independent of legal authority. The obscurity of the Pittsylvania County compact compared to the well-known actions of Charles Lynch casts doubt on it being the source of the phrase.[1] According to the American National Biography: What was purported to be the text of the Pittsylvania agreement was later printed in the Southern Literary Messenger (2 [May 1836]: 389). However, the Pittsylvania County alliance, if it was formed at all, was so obscure compared to the well-known suppression of the uprising in southwestern Virginia that Charles Lynch's use of the phrase makes it seem most probable that it was derived from his actions, not from William Lynch's.[1] The compact published in the Southern Literary Messenger that proposed William Lynch as the originator of "lynch law" may have been a hoax perpetrated by Edgar Allan Poe.[2]



posted on Jan, 31 2013 @ 09:59 AM
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I couldn't agree more with this post. The entire society is set up to bicker with anyone with a different opinion or way of doing things. Everyone is entitled to opinions, and when you stomp on the opinions of others it really just shows that you are not open-minded. You must see all sides. I try to respect each and every individual no matter race, sexual orientation, religion, beliefs, thoughts, or anything. We are all human and we all strive for the same things. Only when we can put away our differences can we join together against those that have joined against us.

Think about it, these secret societies and any government are cohesive. They may pretend to bicker in front of the masses but they pat each other on the back after they debate because they respect each other and by doing so control those that they just riled up with seemingly opposing views. Funny how they got it figured out.

Any way, much respect to everyone and we should be approaching the time when we are ready to become one so that our voices can be heard and our influence will be felt.

Seperated we are but a grain of sand, but together we could cover the beaches of the world.

Are You Awake Yet?



posted on Jan, 31 2013 @ 10:23 AM
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Originally posted by Tecumte
reply to post by bmmark
 




We could solve all our problems within a year if motivated to do so. They don't want that because it would put us all on even playing fields which would inflame their superiority complexes


While that might possiby be true, I rather look at it as a business model, if we solve all our 'problems' what are people going to do for living? And better yet how are those billionaires going to become trillionaires, instead of ever really trying to solve problems, bandaides are much more lucrative. Really when you think about it they keep most all of us currently employed.
edit on 30-1-2013 by Tecumte because: sp.


I could seriously spend days on this.
The solution I speak of would need to include everything. Funny thing is, the first degree I'm working on is business administration. Only my first year though. My first two classes were intro to business and psychology. The similarities were interesting.

To be honest, I could care less about billionaires. They can't take it all with them so I feel they are retarded (no offense to the mentality challenged.) But to touch on your point of them keeping us employed, a good point I might add, well they are also the reason so many are unemployed. I can only speak about America because I have not started the international business part of my degree, but its the same ones employing us that send our jobs overseas. Not to mention the almost 3 million "slave" workers employed by our correctional facilities. If we can put our politicians and corporations in check, the local governments can make all kinds of jobs. Just look around at what needs to be done and you'll see what I mean.

This is my first attempt at posting a link, wish me luck:
Slavery By Choice

I found this video interesting not because I think its 100% correct
but because it brings up some good points.



posted on Jan, 31 2013 @ 10:20 PM
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reply to post by theabsolutetruth
 


www.thestar.com... 10/ikea_monkey_why_the_rhesus_macaque_is_a_worst_choice_pet.html




It can carry deadly diseases without showing symptoms. An escaped pet rhesus monkey in South Florida was captured in October after three years on the loose. The rogue monkey was featured in a New York Times Magazine article in which the trapper said the monkey would stare him in the eye when shot with a tranquilizer and pull the dart out before escaping into the woods to sleep the drug off. Testing found it carried the hepatitis B and herpes viruses.




^ gene higharchy = human higharchy A little bit of social structure so the people understand. Just how similar the monkeys are



Here they are training

And here are the studies on personalties and hierarchy and see the genetic differences within the hierarchy.



watch these vids.




Humans can have blood types A, B, AB, or O. This is known as the ABO blood group system, and it is a polymorphism. A polymorphism is defined as a "genetic locus with two or more alleles that occur in appreciable (>1%) frequency in a given population" (www.as.ua.edu...). The ABO blood group system was the first polymorphism discovered in humans. It is however only one of MANY systems involving the red blood cells.






Humans can have blood types A, B, AB, or O. This is known as the ABO blood group system, and it is a polymorphism. A polymorphism is defined as a "genetic locus with two or more alleles that occur in appreciable (>1%) frequency in a given population" (www.as.ua.edu...). The ABO blood group system was the first polymorphism discovered in humans. It is however only one of MANY systems involving the red blood cells. Antibodies and Antigens Understanding the difference between antibodies and antigens is essential to understanding the ABO blood group system and its evolution. Antibodies are substances produced by the body when it is invaded and act to protest it from the foreign substance. Antigens are found in the invading substance and elicit the production of antibodies. The two substances, thus, work in conjunction with each other. Typically, the body does not produce antibodies until AFTER it has been introduced to a new substance. The blood group antigens, on the other hand, are produced during the development of the circulatory system of the fetus. Because these antibodies are present, blood of certain types will be incompatible. Before this was understood, death was often the result in transfusions and transplants. Since Landsteiner's discovery, hundreds of specificities in human blood types have been determined (Socha et al., 1984). The ABO blood group system remains the most widely used. WHY STUDY THE EVOLUTION OF HUMAN BLOOD TYPES?? There are several reasons scientists are interested in studying the evolution of human blood types -- the predominant reason being it helps them to understand the place humans occupy in evolution's branching tree. In other words, by studying the similarities and differences between human and non-human primate blood groups scientists can determine who our closest common ancestors are and the degree of our relationship.


facstaff.uwa.edu...



posted on Jan, 31 2013 @ 10:31 PM
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What Distinguishes A, B, and O blood types from each other? The type of blood a person has is determined by alleles at a single locus at chromosome 9 (Martinko et al., 1993). These alleles encode for different amino acids called glycotransferases. In order to be blood type A, cytosine at nucleotide site 793 translates to leucine 265 and guanine at nucleotide site 800 transloates to glycine 267. In order to be blood type B, the cytosine at 793 translates to methionone 265 and the guanine at 800 to alanine 267 (Martinko et al., 1993). Blood type AB occurs when both changes occur. Blood type O is caused when an inactive or nonfunctional protein is coded for. Martinko et al. (1993) remarked regarding these changes that it is "surprising that they have such a great effect on the A and B transferases" because the amino acids do not differ greatly from each other. What About the Blood Types of Other Primates? The ABO polymorphism exists in many primate species other than just humans and in all anthropoid primates (Diamond, 1997). Blood groups of primates have been studied since 1911 when Dungern and Hirszfeld found an A antigen on chimpanzee red cells (Socha et al., 1984). According to Socha et al., (1984), early studies indicated "striking similarities" between the A-B-O antigens of man and those of anthropoid apes. It was not until the 1960's that research methods improved enough to learn that many similarities existed between human and non-human primates as well as some subtle differences. In their 1984 study, Socha et al. stated that the two groups were "intimately serologically related." Because of similarities in the immunological responses between human and non-human primates, the same techniques used for testing human blood were used for other primate species. Scientists have studied certain primate species in much greater depth than others. As a result, we do not know equally about the blood groups of all primates. In the following sections, some of the most researched groups will be explained.





CHIMPANZEES Of the Old World monkeys, the chimpanzee has been the most studied (Socha et al., 1984). Interestingly, they have predominantly blood type A and in rare cases blood type O, but NEVER blood type B (Socha et al., 1984). Most blood systems found in chimpanzees also exist in man, but there are some species specific characteristics. The chimpanzee is thought to be the ancestor of Cro-magnon man.





GORILLAS In contrast to chimpanzees, gorillas have been found to possess ONLY blood type B. Some evolutionary scientists believe the gorilla to be the ancestor of Neanderthal man.





BABOONS Baboons, on the other hand, have been found to possess A, B, and O blood types. The hominoids, humans and the great apes, express the ABO antigens on red blood cells, but baboons do not. In baboons, the antigens were found in other tissue cells. Although the similarity in alleles exist in baboons and humans, the mutations which are in human O alleles are not found in baboon O alleles. This suggests a different origin for the O blood types in each species (Diamond et al., 1997). Unlike humans who have a large percentage of O, in baboons O has arisen several times but remains relatively rare. This suggests a possible selection working against type O in baboons. Humans, baboons and orangutans have maintained their polymorphism. Because of the absence of B from chimpanzees and O and A from gorillas, the locus determining this phenotype must no longer be under strong selection pressure in the hominoids.



SO WHAT DOES ALL THIS MEAN? Scientists have determined by using average mutation rate and considering the required mutations that the divergence of A and B (at nucleotides 793 and 800) must have occurred before humans, chimps, and gorillas had separated and likely before orangutans broke off. Thus A and B diverged at least 13 million years ago (Martin, 1990). In chimps and gorillas, the A and B allele seem to be fixed (Martinko, 1993). Some sources state that the two types are likely of separate origin (aol.com...), but that they are the original types, not O. Other evidence used to trace man's evolutionary ancestors to these non-human primates is the MN blood system. Man is M and N; whereas chimps are anti-N and gorillas are anti-M. O is not the original blood type as was previously thought (members.aol.com...).





IS SELECTION AT WORK TODAY? If these blood groups are being selected against, the agent is not restricted to humans because the system has been around for over 13 million years. There is only indirect evidence for the possibility of natural selection in the evolutionary pattern of ABO groups (Saitou and ). To link natural selection to the frequency of A, B, O phenotypic frequency requires more evidence. One such study was completed by Boren et al. (1993), in which a bacterium casing gastric disorders was linked to blood type (Saitou ). The researchers found there to be less receptors for the bacterium in blood types A and B, thus people with blood type O were more susceptible. If more blood types could be linked to microorganisms, there would be more evidence for natural selection. Several question remain. For example, if natural antibodies help to protect the body against parasites, then why is O, which has both A and B, antibodies not at an advantage? Also, O is a nonfunctional allele, yet it is quite common in certain areas like South America where it is fixed in the population. This seems to contradict standard mutation drift selection which does not favor nonfunctional alleles (Nazzareno et al., 1995).



posted on Jan, 31 2013 @ 10:37 PM
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There is also a question as to whether selection is at work today in the interacions between mother and fetus. Some studies have concluded that in mothers with type A blood who are carrying a fetus of type O (and vice versa), there is incompatibility which will result in the spontaneous abortion of the fetus. In summary, it appears that humans, chimpanzees, and gorilla (and likely ornagutan) followed the same evolutionary origin when comparing their blood types. Because the A and O exist in chimps this is likely the ancestral form of these types found in humans today. The B type found in gorillas today was likely ancestral form found in humans.


facstaff.uwa.edu...

If you know nothing about this, welcome to the rabbit hole. Where did we come from. Why is there such diversity and why are some types more likely immune to certain disorders than others? And a bigger question. What is a virus and where did it originate from? what about the susceptibility to parasites? Mood altering, schizophrenia greed and paranoia. You wanna know whats wrong with society. There. Thats the answer. and its not a pretty one. So you all can shut your yaps about whos doing who and whats wrong and what isin't right.
We've got genetic and physical issues to deal with. beyond that, energy beings who are doing all this to us. And now we are going to blame the government, thin the population numbers as intended. and the creatures will have the human meat farms they want. Grats. Lets rant about gun control.

Also O is not the original blood type, And its the mass majority. Alien population control?
edit on 31-1-2013 by CrypticSouthpaw because: (no reason given)



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