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Originally posted by Egyptia
I personally never understood how they got anything through the Van Allen Radiation Belt.
Originally posted by boncho
Originally posted by VoidHawk
You can easily tell it was a hoax by the number of threads invented to debunk the people who believe it was a hoax.
Dont listen to ANYONE in these threads, do your OWN research.edit on 27-11-2012 by VoidHawk because: (no reason given)
Scepticism equals proof now?
Wow...
I guess the tooth fairy is coming to leave money under my pillow...
Originally posted by Zaphod58
reply to post by Egyptia
The Van Allen belt isn't a continuous circle around the earth. It has thicker and thinner spots all throughout it. It's also not as dangerous as it's made out to be. If you stayed in it for a long time (months) then you would be exposed to a large dose of radiation. The Apollo mission went through in a few hours.
Originally posted by JohnPhoenix
Depends on who's expert you listen to. Some say even a few minutes in the Van Allen belts at it's thinner areas would kill a human in the poorly shielded tin can those guys used.
NASA would not even let anyone outside of NASA test the suits to prove their effectiveness after the Moon landings.
Originally posted by hellobruce
Originally posted by JohnPhoenix
After the LEM landed on the Moon it should not have been possible to take essentially the same picture without the LEM being in the shot
Except it was not the same picture, it is obvious they moved. Have you found out how far away the mountains were? Oh, if you actually did that it would destroy your theory!
The Cameraman stayed in the same exact spot only the hills and LEM were obviously moved.
Originally posted by JohnPhoenix
Depends on who's expert you listen to. Some say even a few minutes in the Van Allen belts at it's thinner areas would kill a human in the poorly shielded tin can those guys used. You say we went through quickly.. How quickly? Do you have this data?
Yes, there is deadly radiation in the Van Allen belts, but the nature of that radiation was known to the Apollo engineers and they were able to make suitable preparations. The principle danger of the Van Allen belts is high-energy protons, which are not that difficult to shield against. And the Apollo navigators plotted a course through the thinnest parts of the belts and arranged for the spacecraft to pass through them quickly, limiting the exposure.
The Van Allen belts span only about forty degrees of earth's latitude -- twenty degrees above and below the magnetic equator. The diagrams of Apollo's translunar trajectory printed in various press releases are not entirely accurate. They tend to show only a two-dimensional version of the actual trajectory. The actual trajectory was three-dimensional. The highly technical reports of Apollo, accessible to but not generally understood by the public, give the three-dimensional details of the translunar trajectory.
Each mission flew a slightly different trajectory in order to access its landing site, but the orbital inclination of the translunar coast trajectory was always in the neighborhood of 30°. Stated another way, the geometric plane containing the translunar trajectory was inclined to the earth's equator by about 30°. A spacecraft following that trajectory would bypass all but the edges of the Van Allen belts.
This is not to dispute that passage through the Van Allen belts would be dangerous. But NASA conducted a series of experiments designed to investigate the nature of the Van Allen belts, culminating in the repeated traversal of the Southern Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly (an intense, low-hanging patch of Van Allen belt) by the Gemini 10 astronauts.
Originally posted by JohnPhoenix
We don't know the size of those structures, if they were mountains far away or close hills or the distance from the cameraman they were.
Originally posted by hellobruce
Originally posted by JohnPhoenix
We don't know the size of those structures, if they were mountains far away or close hills or the distance from the cameraman they were.
So how about you do some research and find out - you are the one making the claim, how about you backing that claim up.... that is how things work in the real world.
You can easily tell it was a hoax by the number of threads invented to debunk the people who believe it was a hoax.
Originally posted by Zaphod58
Originally posted by JohnPhoenix
Depends on who's expert you listen to. Some say even a few minutes in the Van Allen belts at it's thinner areas would kill a human in the poorly shielded tin can those guys used. You say we went through quickly.. How quickly? Do you have this data?
I think I'll listen to the man that discovered them, and said they weren't as dangerous as they were made out to be. He probably has a better grasp of them than most people do.
Passage through the Van Allen Belts took between half an hour and an hour and a half at most. That's nowhere near enough time to even come close to a fatal dose, even going through the South Atlantic Anomaly.
The Apollo astronauts spent around four hours at a single stretch in the Van Allen belts. [Mary Bennett]...
The four-hour figure is reasonable, but somewhat arbitrary.
www.clavius.org...
Earth's magnetic field interacts with highly energized particles from space, and with some particles actually formed within the magnetic field. Particles from the solar wind, on the other hand, are deflected by Earth's magnetic field. The solar wind compacts the part of the torus-shaped magnetic field facing the Sun. The part opposite the Sun is elongated. An inner belt, elevation about 2,000 to 5,000 km, contains protons and atoms stripped of their electrons. The outer radiation belt (about 13,000 to 19,000 km) is rich in electrons coming from the magnetic tail of Earth’s magnetosphere. The particle-rich portion of the magnetic field is from about 20 degrees below to 20 degrees above the geomagnetic equator.
There has been controversy in connection with radiation and the Van Allen Belts. Have astronauts been exposed to dangerous levels of radiation during space flights? The feeling is they have been exposed to a higher level than is considered acceptable for the general population, but not to anything near a life-threatening level. Low Earth orbit exposes astronauts to only a small radiation bombardment, however the Moon-bound Apollo astronauts received higher exposure, since they passed through the regions containing high-energy particles. Future astronauts to deep space will have to deal with hazardous levels of radiation but can expect better radiation exposure management. A much larger problem caused by interaction of the Van Allen belt with the electronics of satellites and space stations.
As you know, the Van Allen radiation belts are doughnut-shaped regions encircling Earth and containing high-energy electrons and ions trapped in the Earth's magnetic field. Explorer I, launched by NASA in 1958, discovered these two regions of intense radiation surrounding the Earth. They are referred to as the inner and outer Van Allen radiation belts, after James Van Allen who designed Explorer I. The inner region is centered at about 3000 km above Earth and has a thickness of about 5000 km. The outer region is centered at about 15,000 -- 20,000 km above the surface of the Earth and has a thickness of 6,000 -- 10,000 km.
Typically, manned space flight (such as the Shuttle) stays well below the altitude of the van Allen radiation belts. Safe flight can occur below altitudes of 400 km or so.
SO ...what do we do when we have to fly through the radiation belts -- like when we went to the Moon or send probes to other planets?
In the 1960s, NASA asked Oak Ridge National Laboratory to predict how astronauts and other materials would be affected by exposure to both the Earth's Van Allen radiation belts and the Sun's radiation. Oak Ridge biologists sent bacteria and blood samples into space and exposed small animals to radiation. They concluded that proper shielding would be key to successful flight not only for living organisms, but for electronic instrumentation as well. To develop shielding for the Apollo crews, Oak Ridge researchers recycled the Lab's Tower Shielding Facility, which had hoisted shielding experiments aloft for the 1950's nuclear-plane project.
Originally posted by Zaphod58
reply to post by Bleeeeep
And the Van Allen Belts can be safely traveled through, as has been shown repeatedly. And cosmic rays can be shielded against, actually pretty easily. The Apollo astronauts had a slightly increased risk of cancer, but not a hugely increased, and certainly weren't in any danger of dying quickly from the radiation.
Gemini proved that you could even travel through the South Atlantic Anomaly safely, as they did it several times in one flight. That's one of the most intense sections of the VAB.
Originally posted by Foundryman
Do we really need another one of these?
Originally posted by DJW001
Here's the challenge: please present your best, incontrovertible evidence that the lunar landings were a hoax. Documentation. Eyewitness accounts. Physical evidence. Try your best to persuade the space enthusiasts of ATS that everything they know is wrong.