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Higher than the eye perhaps because the pressure drops the closer you get to the eye but not high pressure. It is still lower than the outlier areas.
Yes, I should have clarified.... the walls of the eye are high pressure, while further out is low pressure.
No. If the storm encounters warmer waters (and incidentally, higher water vapor levels) it intensifies. If it encounters cooler waters it weakens. It does not change direction. The path of the storm is controlled by surrounding weather patterns.
Hence, water vapor (Thermal energy and mass) can alter the path of the Water Vapor Convection cell.
Premise understood?
Originally posted by wujotvowujotvowujotvo
The 2000 paper was about a solar flare triggering Joule Heating in the ionosphere, that can be directly applied to HAARP.
Are you saying HAARP can't do Joule Heating?
That's new information because researchers found Joule Heating from HAARP.
Physica Scripta Volume 2010 T142
J A Cohen et al 2010 Phys. Scr. 2010 014040 doi:10.1088/0031-8949/2010/T142/014040
Generation of ionospheric ducts by the HAARP HF heater
J A Cohen 1, R Pradipta 1, L M Burton 1, A Labno1, M C Lee 1,2, B J Watkins 3, C Fallen 3, S P Kuo 4, W J Burke 5, D Mabius 2 and B Z See 2
1 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
2 Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
3 University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
4 New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
5 Air Force Research Laboratory, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731, USA
We report an investigation of ionospheric ducts having the shape of large plasma sheets, generated by vertically transmitted HAARP HF heater waves in several experiments conducted in Gakona, Alaska. Theory predicts that O-mode heater wave-created ionospheric ducts form parallel-plate waveguides within the meridional plane, and those generated by the X-mode heater waves are orthogonal to the meridional plane. Our theoretical prediction is supported by measurements of ionosonde data (namely ionograms), range–time–intensity (RTI) plots of UHF and HF backscatter radars, as well as magnetometer data analyses. When these plasma sheets experienced E×B drifts, they were intercepted by the HAARP UHF radar and seen as slanted stripes in the RTI plots. This striking feature was also observed in our earlier experiments using the Arecibo UHF radar.
Excitation of large-scale plasma sheets and micropulsations by injected high power radio waves
This paper appears in:
Plasma Science (ICOPS), 2011 Abstracts IEEE International Conference on
Date of Conference: 26-30 June 2011
Author(s): Lee, M.C.
Boston Univ., Boston, MA, USA
Pradipta, R. ; Cohen, J.A. ; Morton, J. ; Watkins, B.J. ; Fallen, C. ; Kuo, S.P.
Page(s): 1
Product Type: Conference Publications
On page(s): 1
Conference Location : Chicago, IL
ISSN : 0730-9244
E-ISBN : 978-1-61284-328-5
Print ISBN: 978-1-61284-330-8
INSPEC Accession Number: 12182860
Digital Object Identifier : 10.1109/PLASMA.2011.5992939
Date of Current Version : 18 August 2011
Issue Date : 26-30 June 2011
Abstract
Summary form only given. We have conducted several experiments to investigate the simultaneous generation of large plasma sheets and micropulsations by injected high power radio waves via thermal filamentation instabilities [Cohen et al., Phys. Scrip., 2010]. These large plasma sheets generated by HF heater have different configurations, depending upon the polarizations (i.e., O- or X-mode) of the heater waves. It is expected that O-mode heater wave-created parallel-plate waveguides within the meridional plane, and those generated by the X-mode heater waves are orthogonal to the meridional plane. [Lee et al., Geophys. Res Lett., 1998]. One striking feature of thermal filamentation instabilities is the simultaneous excitation of sheet-like plasma density fluctuations (δn) and geomagnetic field fluctuations (δB). The physics can be simply understood as follows. The differential joule heating, resulting from the interactions of HF heater waves and excited high frequency sidebands, yields a thermal pressure force on electrons. Thermal pressure force (denoted by fT) leads to a fT × B0 drift motion of electrons and, consequently, induces a net current perpendicular to both the background magnetic field B0 and the wave vector k of the excited plasma density irregularities. Therefore, magnetic field fluctuations (δB) associated with micropulsations are excited along the background magnetic field (B0 designated as the z-axis) simultaneously with the density irregularities in both O- and X-mode heating processes. The excited magnetic field fluctuations (δB) have three components designated as dδBD, dδBH, and dδBZ. Based on above explanation of the simultaneous excitations of dδn and dδB, we can expect that dδBD and dδBZ (or dδBH and dδBZ) will be - - highly correlated in O-mode (or X-mode) heating experiments. Our theoretical predictions are confirmed by GPS satellite measurements, range-time-intensity (RTI) plots of UHF and HF backscatter radars, ionosonde data, as well as magnetometer data analyses. As these plasma sheets experienced E·B drifts, they were intercepted by the HAARP UHF radar and seen as slanted stripes in the RTI plots, as also seen in our earlier Arecibo experiments. Furthermore, based on the GPS satellite measurements, we infer that kilometer-scale plasma sheets can be generated by vertically injected O-mode heater waves.
I didn't see anything about a 22 year cycle with hurricanes in that article. No mention of geomagnetic activity. It doesn't seem to be giving any particular attention to the Mendoza paper. The other papers (15-37) posit other causes, including global warming due to CO2 levels.
It was down in the same page you gave
I'm saying the paper had nothing to do with HAARP, at least there is no indication in the abstract that it does. It seems to be about figuring out how the solar wind induces gravity waves in the ionosphere. But in case you didn't notice, the paper I cited confirmed that HAARP produced gravity waves.
Are you saying HAARP can't do Joule Heating?
You mean why would he ask? The question mark means he is asking, wondering. Maybe because he doesn't know.
why would he write
Not a strawman at all.
YOU are claiming that ionospheric heaters such as HAARP can heat the ocean in such a way as to cause significant changes in the level of water vapor. I invite you to do a tiny bit of maths.
I doubt you're up to it, though. It's so much more FUN to speculate wildly!
The British thermal unit (symbol Btu or sometimes BTU) is a traditional unit of energy equal to about 1.055 KJoules. It is approximately the amount of energy needed to heat 1 pound (0.454 kg) of water, which is exactly one tenth of a UK gallon or about 0.1198 US gallons, from 39 °F to 40 °F (3.8 °C to 4.4 °C).
edit: if you like, instead of using the power output of the HAARP facility, try subbing in the entire generating capacity of the US, and go for, say, 10 cubic km of seawater over a year.
second edit: you do realize that "The information of beam steering in the refractive regions of the ionosphere that were gleaned and categorized by the HAARP could be used to direct a concentration of several arrays of directed electromagnetic energy directly at the oceans surface in the "Path" that "They" want the hurricane to take." doesn't actually make sense, right? At least not in any technically valid way.
And any source that uses the term "the HAARP" should fill you with the same amount of trust as does someone who says "nukular".
Higher than the eye perhaps because the pressure drops the closer you get to the eye but not high pressure. It is still lower than the outlier areas.
No. If the storm encounters warmer waters (and incidentally, higher water vapor levels) it intensifies. If it encounters cooler waters it weakens. It does not change direction. The path of the storm is controlled by surrounding weather patterns.
Why would you heat the hurricane when it is the ocean which provides the energy to maintain the hurricane?
Okay, so to heat the whole HURRICANE by one degree (CELSIUS), it would take 108,000,000,000 btu's
Total energy released through cloud/rain formation:
An average hurricane produces 1.5 cm/day (0.6 inches/day) of rain inside a circle of radius 665 km (360 n.mi) (Gray 1981). (More rain falls in the inner portion of hurricane around the eyewall, less in the outer rainbands.) Converting this to a volume of rain gives 2.1 x 1016 cm3/day. A cubic cm of rain weighs 1 gm. Using the latent heat of condensation, this amount of rain produced gives
5.2 x 10^19 Joules/day or
6.0 x 10^14 Watts.
This is equivalent to 200 times the world-wide electrical generating capacity - an incredible amount of energy produced!
Hurricane hunters fly through hurricanes and they don't use c-130's and they aren't the Coast Guard.
That's all well and good, but your pressure map is STILL only a two dimensional representation, probably gathered from the coast guard storm chasers who fly modified c-130's ABOVE the hurricane to gather measurements.
The Hurricane Hunters are aircrews that fly into tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic Ocean and Northeastern Pacific Ocean to gather weather data.
Since it is the center of the low which drives the whole thing it doesn't really matter. When the low encounters warmer water it intensifies. When it encounters cooler water it weakens. It's not a trail of bread crumbs. It doesn't change direction. "Oh, that's cold. I'm not going there." If it were otherwise, it would never move into cooler waters.
And what if it only encounters warmer waters on the north side, and not the south, east, or west sides?
Does the entire hurricane intensify?
Or is the intensification localized to the sections that actually encounter the water vapour?
Why would you heat the hurricane when it is the ocean which provides the energy to maintain the hurricane?
Did I get the zero's right?
I said warm water causes a hurricane to intensify. I said it doesn't alter it's path.
"Oh, But ErtaiNaGia... how can heating the water in a hurricane cause the hurricane (that gains its strength from warm moist air) to increase in strength?!"
Hurricane hunters fly through hurricanes and they don't use c-130's and they aren't the Coast Guard.
Show me a profile of rising pressure in a hurricane.
Since it is the center of the low which drives the whole thing it doesn't really matter. When the low encounters warmer water it intensifies. When it encounters cooler water it weakens. It's not a trail of bread crumbs. It doesn't change direction. "Oh, that's cold. I'm not going there." If it were otherwise, it would never move into cooler waters.
The storm is steered by surrounding weather systems. Not water vapor, not warm water.
Phage
Why would you heat the hurricane when it is the ocean which provides the energy to maintain the hurricane?
"Oh, But ErtaiNaGia... how can heating the water in a hurricane cause the hurricane (that gains its strength from warm moist air) to increase in strength?!"
I said warm water causes a hurricane to intensify. I said it doesn't alter it's path.