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Archaeologist argues world's oldest temples were not temples at all
Ancient structures uncovered in Turkey and thought to be the world's oldest temples may not have been strictly religious buildings after all, according to an article in the October issue of Current Anthropology. Archaeologist Ted Banning of the University of Toronto argues that the buildings found at Göbekli Tepe may have been houses for people, not the gods.
The buildings at Göbekli, a hilltop just outside of the Turkish city of Urfa, were found in 1995 by Klaus Schmidt of the German Archaeological Institute and colleagues from the Şanlıurfa Museum in Turkey. The oldest of the structures at the site are immense buildings with large stone pillars, many of which feature carvings of snakes, scorpions, foxes, and other animals.
The presence of art in the buildings, the substantial effort that must have been involved in making and erecting them, and a lack of evidence for any permanent settlement in the area, led Schmidt and others to conclude that Göbekli must have been a sacred place where pilgrims traveled to worship, much like the Greek ruins of Delphi or Olympia. If that interpretation is true it would make the buildings, which date back more than 10,000 years to the early Neolithic, the oldest temples ever found.
However, Banning offers an alternative interpretation that challenges some of Schmidt's claims.
He outlines growing archaeological evidence for daily activities at the site, such as flintknapping and food preparation. "The presence of this evidence suggests that the site was not, after all, devoid of residential occupation, but likely had quite a large population," Banning said.
Banning goes on to argue that the population may have been housed in the purported temples themselves. He disagrees with the idea that the presence of decorative pillars or massive construction efforts means the buildings could not have been residential space.
"The presupposition that 'art,' or even 'monumental' art, should be exclusively associated with specialized shrines or other non-domestic spaces also fails to withstand scrutiny," Banning writes. "There is abundant ethnographic evidence for considerable investment in the decoration of domestic structures and spaces, whether to commemorate the feats of ancestors, advertise a lineage's history or a chief's generosity; or record initiations and other house-based rituals."
Archaeological evidence for domestic art from the Neolithic period exists as well, Banning says, such as the wall paintings at Çatalhöyük, another archaeological site in Turkey.
Banning suggests that the purported temples may instead have been large communal houses, "similar in some ways to the large plank houses of the Northwest Coast of North America with their impressive house posts and totem poles."
Originally posted by ABNARTY
reply to post by Consequence
So you truly believe all scientists are above their ego's on all matters? They have no concerns about their careers or perceptions about their professionalism? They never worry about funding, grants, or a paycheck? They are just a bunch of cool cucumbers with no investment in any idea but the "truth"? No cult of personality exists?
Have you ever read the history of competing ideas in the academic community? It is rife with competition, back
stabbing, and drama. How often do we read about what turns out to be "true" long after the discoverer is dead and buried? His/her idea was never accepted because it countered the mainstream, accepted dogma.
Please.....If you want to keep believing the righteousness of all things scientific, it's a free planet. Go ahead. But scientists are human before their science. Good things do come from science, we do find out the right answers sometimes, but to ignore the context of the science is fool hearty.
Originally posted by Consequence
reply to post by Krazysh0t
The OP was worried that some evil-minded people would do a cover-up of the findings from this site for some reason, and that clearly isn't the case. .
In 2010, Global Heritage Fund (GHF) announced it will undertake a multi-year conservation program to preserve Göbekli Tepe. The first conservation program in the site's history, the partners include Klaus Schmidt and the German Archaeological Institute, German Research Foundation, Şanlıurfa Municipal Government, and the Turkish Ministry of Tourism and Culture.[34] The stated goals of the GHF Göbekli Tepe project are to support the preparation of a Site Management and Conservation Plan, construction of a shelter over the exposed archaeological features, training local community members in guiding and conservation, and helping Turkish authorities secure UNESCO World Heritage Site nomination.[1]
At the US conference 34-year-old Robbie revealed he had retreated into paranormal investigation to fill a “void” in his life and escape the pressures of fame. He explains: “I have spent so much time looking at pictures on websites like Above Top Secret and reading conspiracy theories that I want to go and meet these people. “I want to do something other than sit in my bed watching the news at half past ten, I want to go out and do something. Read more: www.thesun.co.uk...
Originally posted by butterflyowl
I was saying I was worried there MIGHT be unchecked bias' with misleading conclusions being given out.
I don't think bias is inherently "EVIL", I copped to it myself.
Like they are trying to make sure it gets interpreted the way TPTB want it to be.
I hope i did not leave the impression that I was sure it was going to go on. Sorry if I did.
All I am hoping for is that the tiny % of humanity that does not believe that "civilization" and all that it brings is good, be represented in the work of science and reporting at the site.
I still believe they COULD try to cover up flying cars and portraits of aliens...should they be found.
Originally posted by butterflyowl
"(Oops, I read it wrong...he (poster Consequence) asked why I thought GB not ATS was UFO'ish. I can see in my wording why he thought the "site" I was talking about was GB, but I was saying ATS was UFO'ish....I still think the poster would not like the label on ATS either so I will not erase the following.
Although English is my first language I still have not mastered the spoken or written form of it)
Do most other popular science/current event discussion sites have well used forums called "Paranormal Studies", "Cryptozoology", "Aliens and UFO's", "The Grey Area", Geo-Engineering and Chemtrails" etc?
They might, but I have not been to them.
The way I found this site is after reading about how the singer Robbie Williams believed in ufo's and spent time on a site called ATS, many years ago. Can't find the artical now but will try.
ok here it is...
At the US conference 34-year-old Robbie revealed he had retreated into paranormal investigation to fill a “void” in his life and escape the pressures of fame. He explains: “I have spent so much time looking at pictures on websites like Above Top Secret and reading conspiracy theories that I want to go and meet these people. “I want to do something other than sit in my bed watching the news at half past ten, I want to go out and do something. Read more: www.thesun.co.uk...
edit on 26-8-2012 by butterflyowl because: to add text
But I guess a lot of it comes down to how much we trust people in authority or in a job that seems to confer expertise. How much do they really care? Is it just a "job" to them? Do they worry about ticking off a higher up?
Originally posted by butterflyowl
reply to post by Consequence
Well, i just spent 45 minutes trying *"Fisking" your post and i hit some key (or that alligator did it) and poof -gone! Formating is another weakness.
*en.wikipedia.org...
Well I guess I was telling my life story about how through many belief systems in my look for the truth i ended up at Primitivism.
I do not like science nor do i respect the scientific method, like, at all, so our discussion is doomed to failure.
It'd be like me talking politics with my fundy Christian friends....whho boy...if you're so far apart on the fundamentals...Maybe I can address some specifics later when I feel better.
Originally posted by butterflyowl
But IMO science likes to "accumulate" knowledge thus accumulate power..and on and on and then we get nukes and other nasties.
Trying to teach ethics to certain greedy ppl is never going to do much good. Good, fair and honest humans have to see this? I don't think if we lived in a primitive world it would be all hippy utopia without violence and horrid stuff...like I like to say, "sure, life would be short and brutal but it would be short, brutal and fulfilling"...one with nature and all of that.
I don't reject religion, I think it might be necessary to humans in this "civilization", if it were not around maybe we would be even more bonkers. I just don't know. I just don't believe in the Bible or any of the big3 monotheistic books.
Originally posted by SeenAlot
Next nugget: I saw this on a documentary I cannot find- a lady archeologist found a large human skull that was dated to be 250-300 million years ago. She represented her info to the scientific community, several times. It ruined her career.
Next nugget: Human AND dinosaur foot prints side by side. I'm not sure what to say about this:
paleo.cc...
Carbon-Dating - Seriously. I think that system is relied on too much. I believe that system may be completely inaccurate.
Next nugget: I have a hard time believing Man went from creating cave art and a hunter/gatherer culture to Sumerian culture and art in a few short generations. Call me a cynic.
Bottom line from ME: I don't think the group of folks that print science books for our kids to read have a CLUE what they are talking about.
And hands are brushed off and careers are saved by making safe theories that don't rock the boat too much.