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Originally posted by ArrowsNV
According to Monsanto: “There is no need for, or value in testing the safety of Genetically Modified Foods in humans."
H. Food Labeling
The issue of labeling food from GE animals comprised a significant proportion of comments submitted to the agency. Most comments urged the agency to require mandatory labeling of food products from GE animals, citing a consumer "right to know." Some comments took the opposite view, even recommending that FDA ban voluntary labeling to indicate that a food did not come from a GE animal.
Under section 403(a)(1) of the Act, a food is misbranded if its labeling is false or misleading in any particular way. Section 201(n) of the Act further defines misleading labeling. Labeling meets that definition if it fails to reveal facts that are material in light of representations made or suggested in the labeling, or material with respect to consequences that may result from the use of the food to which the labeling relates under the conditions of use prescribed in the labeling, or under such conditions of use as are customary or usual. Historically, the agency has generally interpreted the scope of "materiality" to mean information about the attributes of the food itself. Thus, if food from a GE animal is different from its non-engineered counterpart (for example, if it has a different nutritional profile), the difference could be material information that would have to be indicated in the food labeling. FDA does not consider the methods used in the development of bioengineered foods, including GE animals, to be "material" information. 2Food marketers may voluntarily label foods as being derived from GE or non-GE animals, as long as the labeling is truthful and not misleading.
www.fda.gov...
edit on 31-3-2012 by Gridrebel because: (no reason given)
Originally posted by MentorsRiddle
Where can we get non-GM food products?
Originally posted by 1nfiniteLoop
reply to post by purplemer
If so, shouldn't this fact coupled with the apparently lack of any epidemic afflicting those who consume this 80% be evidence of the safety of GM foods that have been approved by the FDA for human consumption?edit on 31-3-2012 by 1nfiniteLoop because: Missing words
1. Recorded Deaths from GM: In 1989, dozens of Americans died and several thousands were afflicted and impaired by a genetically modified version of the food supplement L-tryptophan creating a debilitating ailment known as Eosinophilia myalgia syndrome (EMS) . Released without safety tests, there were 37 deaths reported and approximately 1500 more were disabled.
A settlement of $2 billion dollars was paid by the manufacturer, Showa Denko, Japan's third largest chemical company destroyed evidence preventing a further investigation and made a 2 billion dollar settlement. Since the very first commercially sold GM product was lab tested (Flavr Savr) animals used in such tests have prematurely died. Did Genetic Engineering Cause the Tryptophan-EMS Disaster of 1989?
2.)Near-deaths and Food Allergy Reactions: In 1996, Brazil nut genes were spliced into soybeans to provide the added protein methionine and by a company called Pioneer Hi-Bred. Some individuals, however, are so allergic to this nut, they can go into anaphylactic shock (similar to a severe bee sting reaction) which can cause death. Using genetic engineering, the allergens from one food can thus be transferred to another, thought to be safe to eat, and unknowingly. Animal and human tests confirmed the peril and fortunately the product was removed from the market before any fatalities occurred. [Snip]
3. Direct Cancer and Degenerative Disease Links:GH is a protein hormone which, when injected into cows stimulates the pituitary gland in a way that the produces more milk, thus making milk production more profitable for the large dairy corporations.
In 1993, FDA approved Monsanto's genetically-modified rBGH, a genetically-altered growth hormone that could be then injected into dairy cows to enhance this feature, and even though scientists warned that this resulted in an increase of IGF-1 (from (70%-1000%).
IGF-1 is a very potent chemical hormone that has been linked to a 2 1/2 to 4 times higher risk of human colorectal and breast cancer. Prostate cancer risk is considered equally serious - in the 2,8.to 4 times range. According to Dr. Samuel Epstein of the University of Chicago and Chairman of the Cancer Prevention Coalition, this "induces the malignant transformation of human breast epithelial cells."
Canadian studies confirmed such a suspicion and showed active IGF-1 absorption, thyroid cysts and internal organ damage in rats. Yet the FDA denied the significance of these findings. When two award-winning journalists, Steve Wilson and Jane Akre, tried to expose these deceptions, they were fired by Fox Network under intense pressure from Monsanto.
Originally posted by PerfectPerception
NO...GM foods are not safe.
1. Recorded Deaths from GM: In 1989, dozens of Americans died and several thousands were afflicted and impaired by a genetically modified version of the food supplement L-tryptophan creating a debilitating ailment known as Eosinophilia myalgia syndrome (EMS) . Released without safety tests, there were 37 deaths reported and approximately 1500 more were disabled.
Although they were genetically engineered, contamination and purification issues were implicated as the causative factors.
Correction: excess tryptophan causes EMS
academicsreview.org...
Originally posted by PerfectPerception
2.)Near-deaths and Food Allergy Reactions: In 1996, Brazil nut genes were spliced into soybeans to provide the added protein methionine and by a company called Pioneer Hi-Bred. Some individuals, however, are so allergic to this nut, they can go into anaphylactic shock (similar to a severe bee sting reaction) which can cause death. Using genetic engineering, the allergens from one food can thus be transferred to another, thought to be safe to eat, and unknowingly. Animal and human tests confirmed the peril and fortunately the product was removed from the market before any fatalities occurred. [Snip]
This just proves that the safety evaluations GE crops go through before being released to market are effective. As I stated elsewhere, the allergic response created by this single protein in the GE soybean, while ruinous to the crop's potential because of safety concerns, led to the wonderful scientific discovery that it was one of the allergens responsible for such allergic responses.
3. Direct Cancer and Degenerative Disease Links:GH is a protein hormone which, when injected into cows stimulates the pituitary gland in a way that the produces more milk, thus making milk production more profitable for the large dairy corporations.
In 1993, FDA approved Monsanto's genetically-modified rBGH, a genetically-altered growth hormone that could be then injected into dairy cows to enhance this feature, and even though scientists warned that this resulted in an increase of IGF-1 (from (70%-1000%).
rBGH is just the regular form of a naturally occurring bovine hormone that stimulates and sustains lactation but produced and isolated from bacterial cultures. This is the same way that we produce insulin for diabetics, human growth hormone, blood clotting factors, etc for medical purposes. And yes, it is stressful to animals in the same way that injecting any hormone in large amounts into any organism would be stressful with possible health complications. Further, because it increases lactation and because lactation is very physically demanding it is going to increase the physical burden on cattle.
As for the health effects on humans, it has been found that the milk from these cattle is safe for human consumption. The elevated levels of IGF, while interesting, are unlikely to cause harm given that IGF is rendered ineffective by the acidity of the human stomach. It's been some time since milk has been available from cows treated with hormonal injections, where is the widespread demographic illness?
More regarding the actually GE technology behind rBGH: if you consider it to be an issue of genetic engineering and not the hormone itself that is responsible for the health effects on cattle and supposed health effects on human, would you like to ban all hormones, enzymes, and growth factors produced through genetic engineering technology as well which end up in the human body? We can go back to making cheese from calves' stomachs instead of enzymes produced by bacteria. We can use cadavers and pig organs to produce the human growth hormone and insulin needed to treat those with a growth hormone deficiency and diabetics. Although in all of these cases, the "natural" method is inherently more dangerous.
Sure, injecting hormones has side effects; just look at the side effects faced by bodybuilder or corporate women who abuse testosterone to gain an edge. But blaming GE technology just because it enabled large amounts of the hormone to be produced less expensively without killing a whole bunch of animals to extract the desired hormone from their organs is really an unfair argument. The hormone and the production process behind it are, and should be, looked at as separate issues. If you disagree then I hope that, for logical and moral consistency, you tell off the next old woman you see using insulin to treat her age-related diabetes.edit on 1-4-2012 by 1nfiniteLoop because: Correcting a mistake
Pituitary hormones (PRL, GH, TSH, FSH, LH ACTH Oxytocin)
· Steroid hormones (Estradiol, Estriol, Progesterone, Testosterone, 17-Ketosteroids, Corticosterone, Vitamine D)
· Hypothalamic hormones (TRH, LHRH, Somatostatin, PRL-inhibiting factor, PRL-releasing factor, GnRH, GRH)
· Thyroid and Parathyroid hormones (T3, T4, rT3, Calcitonin, Parathormone, PTH peptide)
· gastrointestinal peptides (Vasoactive intestinal peptide, Bombesin, Cholecystokinin, Gastrin, Gastrin inhibitory peptide, Pancreatic peptide, Y peptide, Substance P and Neurotensin)
· Growth Factors (IGF's (I and II), IGF binding proteins, Nerve growth factor, Epidermal growth factor and TGF alpha, TGF beta, Growth Inhibitors MDGI and MAF, and Platelet derived growth factor
· Others... (PGE, PGF2 alpha, cAMP, cGMP, Delta sleep inducing
· peptide, Transferrin, Lactoferrin, Casomorphin and Erythropoietin
The use of rBGH was approved by the (FDA) in November, 1993, but its use is banned in many European countries, Australia and New Zealand.
There is mounting evidence that it may compromise the health of both cows and humans. But intensive lobbying by the chemical companies has helped ensure widespread use in the U.S. and Britain.
Now it is being promoted heavily in many developing countries as a solution to food shortages. But this could be a false economy for the developing world.
Under rBGH treatment cows are kept in a perpetual cycle of gestation and lactation which wears out their bodies quickly, cutting the normal life span of 20 to 25 years to five or less.
Already, cows are overproducing milk. In 1930, the average cow produced 5 kilograms of milk per day, but by 1988, milk production was at 18 kg a day. With rBGH injections it rises to 22 kg per day.
British scientists Dr. Eric Millstone and Dr. Eric Bruner, hired by Monsanto to review data on rBGH, say they were prevented from releasing findings that showed a definite increase in cases of mild inflammation of the mammary glands (mastitis) in rBGH-treated cows.
"I find it very curious that Monsanto should object to our paper -- a relatively harmless analysis which shows some small negative effects," says Bruner. "If they're seeking to suppress these data, as they have for the last three years, then could it be that there are other questions which we don't yet know about?"
One major worry is that hormonal and antibiotic residues in milk and meat (a large percentage of hamburger meat is made from "burned out" dairy cows) will affect human health, especially children.
An earlier onset of puberty is thought to be caused by the already increased use of hormones in cows, and girls who menstruate before the age of 12 have a higher risk of contracting breast cancer later.
The increase in antibiotic use in animals also adds concern about increased antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Cows injected with rBGH produce much more of an insulin-like growth factor, IGF-1, whose molecular structure is the same in humans and cows, increasing the likelihood of transmission through milk and meat consumption. In humans, IGF-1 is linked to acromegaly, a disease involving the abnormal enlargement of the hands, feet, nose and chin. Increased levels of IGF-1 have also been linked to colon tumors and cancer, particularly breast cancer in women.
Originally posted by 1nfiniteLoop
Originally posted by ArrowsNV
According to Monsanto: “There is no need for, or value in testing the safety of Genetically Modified Foods in humans."
www.monsanto.com...
"There is no need for, or value in testing the safety of GM foods in humans. So long as the introduced protein is determined safe, food from GM crops determined to be substantially equivalent is not expected to pose any health risks. Further, it is impossible to design a long-term safety test in humans, which would require, for example, intake of large amounts of a particular GM product over a very large portion of the human life span. There is simply no practical way to learn anything via human studies of whole foods. This is why no existing food--conventional or GM--or food ingredient/additive has been subjected to this type of testing. "
I don't know if this is because I understand the central dogma of molecular biology but it seems a whole lot less shocking and more reasonable when you don't take quotes out of their original context.edit on 31-3-2012 by 1nfiniteLoop because: (no reason given)edit on 31-3-2012 by 1nfiniteLoop because: Fixing quote