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EU plans to levy an emissions tax on airlines are valid, according to the European Court of Justice (ECJ). The decision means all airlines flying to and from the 27 states of the European Union will face a tax on emissions from 1 January.
On Friday, the US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said America would respond with "appropriate action" if the scheme went ahead, although she did not elaborate on any specific measures.
www.france24.com...
Cattle and livestock... will small time farmers be forced to downsize and eventually be put out of business by corporate macro agri-industries because of introduced legislation of CO2 tax?
Pat O’Toole sets out the facts that a 37% herd reduction and an 84% reduction in suckler cows would be needed to achieve the nonsensical and mad 30% reduction in greenhouse gasses reduction proposed by the Government.
On the back page Pat continues with what the IFA proposes as amendments to the bill. There should be one one amendment – to throw it out for the useless paper that it is. (See the back page of the article by clicking the image)
Commercial traffic is down.
Not since the aluminum particles hit the heavens.
FYI, the new jets have never been proven to create more persistent contrails than the old ones.
Originally posted by Illustronic
GE seems to think they achieve greater commercial jet engine compression ratio while lowering the emission temperature by as much as 205 ºC with their new GEnx engines. Maybe view the engine overview video instead.
Originally posted by jeichelberg
reply to post by MaxJohnson
I am curious as to how the leaner fuel-to-air mixture increases exhaust temperature...care to elucidate? Thank you.
Imagine a retrofit situation where a new low bypass ratio, mixed exhaust, turbofan is replacing an old turbojet, in a particular military application. Say the new engine is to have the same airflow and net thrust (i.e. same specific thrust) as the one it is replacing. A bypass flow can only be introduced if the turbine inlet temperature is allowed to increase, to compensate for a correspondingly smaller core flow. Improvements in turbine cooling/material technology would facilitate the use of a higher turbine inlet temperature, despite increases in cooling air temperature, resulting from a probable increase in overall pressure ratio.
Efficiently done, the resulting turbofan would probably operate at a higher nozzle pressure ratio than the turbojet, but with a lower exhaust temperature to retain net thrust. Since the temperature rise across the whole engine (intake to nozzle) would be lower, the (dry power) fuel flow would also be reduced, resulting in a better specific fuel consumption (SFC).
Oh, you mean the "leaner gas to air ratio" for combustion? That increases exhaust temperature.
GEnx hasn't proved itself yet.
Why are we still burning jetfuel in the atmosphere and destroying our oxygen that took hundreds of millions of years to create?
Originally posted by ProudBird
reply to post by MaxJohnson
Oh, you mean the "leaner gas to air ratio" for combustion? That increases exhaust temperature.
Yes as noted.....for a piston engine, where the air intake is more limited by the physical design of the intake systems.
NOT that way in a jet turbine engine. They are all primarily the same in this regard.....ADD fuel, and it gets hotter. Simply. You can't "lean" a turbine engine. When you want more thrust, you add fuel....just like a piston engine...and exhaust gets hotter too. BUT, so do the internal combustion temperatures. The, jet engine will gulp in more and more air, as it's needed, when the fuel flow is increased.
Now, the technologies in newer and newer high bypass engines, to increase fuel efficiency, are designed to allow the increase in power from the air and fuel combination, but to provide better internal cooling.....so that the heat is more concentrated inside, and more efficient combustion is provided where it's needed, and not expelled as much as wasted heat energy into the exhaust.
And, THAT ladies and gentlemen, is that in a nutshell.
GEnx hasn't proved itself yet.
???
The GEnx is intended to replace the CF6 in GE's product line.
They are flying now.
It's been selected by Boeing for the 747-8 and the 787 family as the engine option, along with the Rolls Royce Trent 1000 series models.