reply to post by bkaust
You're quite right, actually. In most cases, the Richter is not used and has not been used for quite some time. There are several scales but most
commonly, when the magnitude of a quake is given by agencies such a USGS, EMSC and similar, they use the "Mw" scale -- moment magnitude. The quake is
Turkey was mag 7.2 Mw, not "Richter scale".
The confusion often arises because the mainstream media still use "Richter scale" in their news reports, even when the agency they get their data from
is using something else. It's probably because it's just what they've got used to and I expect it's also because they either believe that the majority
of people wouldn't know anything different and might get confused (which is pretty true), or else they just don't know they're using the wrong scale
(which is also pretty likely in some cases).
The Modified Mercalli Intensity scale is rather different. It uses Roman numerals to indicate how strong the quake feels to people and what effects
it's likely to have. This means that for example, a quake that measured as 5.0 Mw could have quite a different figure on the Mercalli scale, depending
on how it actually affects people (and buildings etc) in a given region. In some ways, it's like the "shindo" ("shaking" = "quake" or "tremor") scale
that is used in Japan by the JMA (Japan Meterorlogical Agency, the authority responsible for monitoring and reporting quakes).
The JMA shindo scale runs from 1 (very weak) up to a maximum of 7 (extremely strong), and when there is a powerful quake that could cause damage, they
will give deails of its "shindo" value for regions in the affected area, and these values can vary. Places near the epicenter will normally have a
higher shindo than ones further away, but even regional geology plays a part. An area that's built mainly on alluvial deposits will shake differently
from ones which have solid rock under them.
They use this scale because in Japan, people want to know what the quake's effects will be where they are, rather than just get a simple number that
tells them the energy release value at the quake's epicenter.
Anything in the 5 or bigger range on shindo is quite destructive and warnings are issued, often within seconds of the quake being detected.
Sorry for long reply; hope this helps to explain why there can be some confusion over quake numbers sometimes.
Mike
edit on 26/10/11 by JustMike because: of a typo. Warning: there may be others!