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HOW can HAARP direct it's beam?
DEVIATIVE
Type of ABSORPTION occurring wherever the ray path bends
significantly such as near the top of a ray trajectory. Deviative absorption
predominately occurs near a layer critical frequency...........................
MULTIPATH
Term applied to propagation conditions where a signal may arrive at a
receiving location through more than one geometric path.......................
CHORDAL MODE
An ionospheric propagation mode characterized by two successive
Earthward reflections from an ionized layer without an intermediate
ground reflection, usually caused by an ionospheric tilt........
GREAT CIRCLE
The intersection of the Earth's surface with a plane containing the center
of the Earth and two points on its surface. A great circle is the shortest
distance between those two points. Radio waves usually (but not always)
follow great circle paths from transmitter to receiver.
Some Performance Parameters for the HAARP Antenna System
TextSize...... 1040 feet X 1280 feet
Area...... 30.6 acres
Directivity.....
3 Mhz ....100 (20 dB)
10 Mhz..... 1000 (30 dB)
Main Lobe Beamwidth
3 Mhz..... 15 deg
10 Mhz..... 5 deg
Operating Frequency... 2.8 - 10 Mhz
Pointing Angle ......Within 30 degrees of Vertical
Reposition Time...... 15 deg. within 15 microseconds
Polarization....... Left/Right Hand Circular, Linear
Sidelobe Control...... Full - By Element Tapering
Maximum VSWR...... 3.2:1
www.haarp.alaska.edu...
Sidelobe Control........ Full - By Element Tapering
In antenna engineering, side lobes or sidelobes are the lobes of the far field radiation pattern that are not the main beam, where the terms "beam" and "lobe" are synonyms.
The radiation pattern of most antennas shows a pattern of "lobes" at various angles, directions where the radiated signal strength reaches a maximum, separated by "nulls", angles at which the radiation falls to zero. In a directional antenna in which the objective is to emit the radio waves in one direction, the lobe in that direction is designed to be bigger than the others; this is the "main lobe". The other lobes are called "side lobes", and usually represent unwanted radiation in undesired directions. The side lobe in the opposite direction (180°) from the main lobe is called the "back lobe". In transmitting antennas, excessive side lobe radiation wastes energy and may cause interference to other equipment. In receiving antennas, side lobes may pick up interfering signals, and increase the noise level in the receiver..
Signals transmitted to and from satellites for communication and navigation purposes must pass through the ionosphere. Ionospheric irregularities, most common at equatorial latitudes (although they can occur anywhere), can have a major impact on system performance and reliability, and commercial satellite designers need to account for their effects.
Now who wants to figure out the 30 degree tangent of a ray from Gakona, AK, bounced at 25+ miles high
I recognize that due to there being 180 antennas they can direct it, but it could only reach line of site, maybe a few degrees away from Alaska.
One other possible way is to bounce the beam off the Ionosphere, then against an airplane, then back off the Ionosphere again.