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Operation LAC
OperationOperation LAC was undertaken in 1957 and 1958 by the U.S. Army Chemical Corps. Principally, the operation involved spraying large areas with zinc cadmium sulfide. The U.S. Air Force loaned the Army a C-119, "Flying Boxcar", and it was used to disperse zinc cadmium sulfide by the ton in the atmosphere over the United States. The first test occurred on December 2, 1957 along a path from South Dakota to International Falls, Minnesota.
The tests were designed to determine the dispersion and geographic range of biological or chemical agents. Stations on the ground tracked the fluorescent zinc cadmium sulfide particles. During the first test and subsequently, much of the material dispersed ended up being carried by winds into Canada. However, as was the case in the first test, particles were detected up to 1,200 miles away from their drop point. A typical flight line covering 400 miles would release 5,000 pounds of zinc cadmium sulfide and in fiscal year 1958 around 100 hours were spent in flight for LAC. That flight time included four runs of various lengths, one of which was 1,400 miles.
Specific tests
The December 2, 1957 test was incomplete due to a mass of cold air coming down from Canada. It carried the particles from their drop point and then took a turn northeast, taking most of the particles into Canada with it. Military operators considered the test a partial success because some of the particles were detected 1,200 miles away, at a station in New York state. A February 1958 test at Dugway Proving Ground ended similarly. Another Canadian air mass swept through and carried the particles into the Gulf of Mexico. Two other tests, one along a path from Toledo, Ohio to Abilene, Texas, and another from Detroit, to Springfield, Illinois, to Goodland, Kansas, showed that agents dispersed through this aerial method could achieve widespread coverage when particles were detected on both sides of the flight paths.
Scope
According to Leonard A. Cole, an Army Chemical Corps document titled "Summary of Major Events and Problems" (1958) described the scope of Operation LAC. Cole stated that the document outlined that the tests were the largest ever undertaken by the Chemical Corps and that the test area stretched from the Rocky Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean, and from Canada to the Gulf of Mexico. Other sources describe the scope of LAC varyingly, examples include, "Midwestern United States", and "the states east of the Rockies". Specific locations are mentioned as well. Some of those include: a path from South Dakota to Minneapolis, Minnesota,Dugway Proving Ground, Corpus Christi, Texas, north-central Texas, and the San Francisco Bay area.
Risks and issues
A large body of evidence exists of ZnCdS having adverse health effects as a result of LAC. However, a U.S. government study, done by the U.S. National Research Council stated, in part, "After an exhaustive, independent review requested by Congress, we have found no evidence that exposure to zinc cadmium sulfide at these levels could cause people to become sick." Still, the use of ZnCdS remains controversial and some critics have accused the Army of "literally using the country as an experimental laboratory".
Operation Dew
General description
Operation Dew took place from 1951-1952 off the southeast coast of the United States, including near Georgia, and North and South Carolina. Operation Dew consisted of two sets of trials, Dew I and Dew II. The tests involved the release of 250 pounds (110 kg) of fluorescent particles from a minesweeper off the coast. Operation Dew I was described in a U.S. Army report known as "Dugway Special Report 162", dated August 1, 1952. The purpose of Operation Dew was to study the behavior of aerosol-released biological agents.
Dew I
Operation Dew I consisted of five separate trials from March 26, 1952 until April 21, 1952 that were designed to test the feasibility of maintaining a large aerosol cloud released offshore until it drifted over land, achieving a large area coverage. The tests released zinc cadmium sulfide along a 100-to-150-nautical-mile (190 to 280 km) line approximately 5 to 10 nautical miles (10 to 20 km) off the coast of Georgia, North Carolina and South Carolina. Two of the trials dispersed clouds of zinc cadmium sulfide over large areas of all three U.S. states. The tests affected over 60,000 square miles (150,000 km²) of populated coastal region in the U.S. southeast. The Dew I releases were from a Navy minesweeper, the USS Tercel.
Dew II
Dew II involved the release of fluorescent particles and Lycopodium spores from an aircraft. Dew II was described in a 1953 Army report which remained classified at the time of a 1997 report by the U.S. National Research Council concerning the U.S. Army's zinc cadmium sulfide dispersion program of the 1950s.
Originally posted by HenryPatrick
The chemtrail debunkers should be completely and totally ignored. They only give science about contrails, which are not the same thing.
Originally posted by HenryPatrick
The chemtrail debunkers should be completely and totally ignored. They only give science about contrails, which are not the same thing.
Originally posted by Uncinus
There's no reason "why not".
There's just no actual indication that it's happening.
Nor is there any indication that the ZnCdS dispersion trials looked anything like contrails. And why would a dispersion test require thousands of planes spraying every day?
The two things seem unrelated.
Originally posted by FreeSpeaker
So because you see no indication its not possible?
How can you say they don't seem related when you haven't seen all the information? Thats my problem with the debunkers attitude, haven't seen it so it doesn't exist.
Originally posted by JibbyJedi
reply to post by Uncinus
Why do you spend so much of your time trying to convince people chemtrails don't exist? You are all over contrailscience and I'm seeing you on here on a never ending campaign to convince people they are all contrails.
I find it peculiar that you find the need and passion to help all the "chemmies" change their minds and perceptions of what they've observed... what is your motivation to spend YEARS debunking them?
I personally don't believe in organized religions, and I don't spend more than 5 mins per year debating others about my beliefs... I just don't care enough to spend my time that way. I think you have motives that are very suspicious.
Originally posted by Uncinus
Originally posted by FreeSpeaker
What information haven't I seen? You seem to be suggesting that IF there was a secret program that resembled what people say are chemtrails, the that would be evidence for chemtrails. That's a bit of a circular argument. You have to start somewhere with some actual evidence.
So what do you think the dispersion looked like in Dew II? We know how planes crop dust and have lots of video evidence on what the dispersion looks like. How would military dispersion differ from civilian? My bet is they look just like regular contrails and thats why we aren't allowed to see video of Dew II or LAC in action. Its classified for a reason.edit on 11-6-2011 by FreeSpeaker because: (no reason given)
Originally posted by JibbyJedi There's more evidence now than there was in say 2008, and using the inconclusive argument with test samples doesn't solidify your "debunking" arguments,
Originally posted by Essan
reply to post by FreeSpeaker
I'm not sure anyone has ever denied the possibiity of similar tests being undertaken today?
However this has nothing to do with the claims that contrails produced by hundreds of aircraft every day are deliberate 'chemtrails'.
Worth noting that there is also no evidence that any form of deliberate spraying at altitude has ever been visible from the ground. Also, that historic tests were generally conducted at low or ground level (as in the case of test carried out in the UK) - and were again not visible.
Originally posted by Essan
reply to post by FreeSpeaker
Surely evidence that such tests are visible would come from the public who observe it? The fact no-one knew such experiments took place is surely evidence that they were not readily visible?
I know people see contrails and claim they are chemtrails. But so far no-one has produce evidence of a contrail that could not be a contrail.
And anyway, regardless of past experiments to help us prepare for a chemical/biological attack by the Soviets during the cold war, is there any actual evidence further experiments are being conducted today? If so, for what reason? And why at high altitude (where so-called chemtrails occur)?
Of course, it may be that they are indeed conducting such experiments and in order to divert attention they invented the chemtrail hoax to ensure everyone would look the other way? Maybe we shouldn't be looking overhead, but closer to home?