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* Emotional engagement is the primary driver of behavior and choice
* Political messages are processed primarily in an emotional, not rational, way.
Four studies demonstrated both the power of group influence in persuasion and people’s blindness to it. Even under conditions of effortful processing, attitudes toward a social policy depended almost exclusively upon the stated position of one’s political party. This effect overwhelmed the impact of both the policy’s objective content and participants’ ideological beliefs (Studies 1–3), and it was driven by a shift in the assumed factual qualities of the policy and in its perceived moral connotations (Study 4). Nevertheless, participants denied having been influenced by their political group, although they believed that other individuals, especially their ideological adversaries, would be so influenced. The underappreciated role of social identity in persuasion is discussed.
… social systems affect individual actions and vice versa. MITRE's "Modeling Phase Change Behavior" project is … studying the role of identity groups in social group formation and dynamics. …
… Groups typically use social control mechanisms to encourage members to conform to the group identity. Members who fail to conform to the group norms suffer consequences, and the prospect of those consequences is an important aspect of the way groups influence individual behavior. …
Groupthink, a term coined by social psychologist Irving Janis (1972), occurs when a group makes faulty decisions because group pressures lead to a deterioration of “mental efficiency, reality testing, and moral judgment” (p. 9). Groups affected by groupthink ignore alternatives and tend to take irrational actions that dehumanize other groups. A group is especially vulnerable to groupthink when its members are similar in background, when the group is insulated from outside opinions, and when there are no clear rules for decision making.
…Janis has documented eight symptoms of groupthink:
* Illusion of invulnerability –Creates excessive optimism that encourages taking extreme risks.
* Collective rationalization – Members discount warnings and do not reconsider their assumptions.
* Belief in inherent morality – Members believe in the rightness of their cause and therefore ignore the ethical or moral consequences of their decisions.
* Stereotyped views of out-groups – Negative views of “enemy” make effective responses to conflict seem unnecessary.
* Direct pressure on dissenters – Members are under pressure not to express arguments against any of the group’s views.
* Self-censorship – Doubts and deviations from the perceived group consensus are not expressed.
* Illusion of unanimity – The majority view and judgments are assumed to be unanimous.
* Self-appointed ‘mindguards’ – Members protect the group and the leader from information that is problematic or contradictory to the group’s cohesiveness, view, and/or decisions.
Political marketers know that they have to target swing voters (undecideds, independents, etc.) with their ads and other efforts because trying to change the mind of committed party members is next to impossible. In The Neuroscience of Political Marketing, I described research by Drew Westen at Emory that showed political messages were processed primarily in an emotional, not rational, way. A study by social psychologist Geoffrey Cohen at Yale shows that cognitive dissonance plays a big role in the way people evaluate political issues, and that they will adjust their beliefs (and maybe facts) as needed to resolve that dissonance.
…One’s political affiliation can trump everything, including logic and common sense.
Originally posted by soficrow
Brain structure differs in liberals, conservatives: study
www.rawstory.com
(visit the link for the full news article)
Liberals have more gray matter in a part of the brain associated with understanding complexity, while the conservative brain is bigger in the section related to processing fear, said the study on Thursday in Current Biology.
"We found that greater liberalism was associated with increased gray matter volume in the anterior cingulate cortex, whereas greater conservatism was associated with increased volume of the right amygdala," the study said.
Not to point out the obvious ...a very dishonest, disgusting ploy. Also one should be suspect of the liberal Academia. ...Remember it was leftist's of the early 1900's that used biology to try and condemn other races to sub-human standards.
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