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The term caliphate "dominion of a caliph ('successor,')," (from the Arabic خلافة or khilāfa, Turkish: Halife ) refers to the first system of government established in Islam, and represented the political unity of the Muslim Ummah (nation). In theory, it is a constitutional republic (see Constitution of Medina), meaning that the head of state (the Caliph) and other officials are dicate to the people according to Islamic law, which exercises power over their citizens. It was initially led by Muhammad's disciples as a continuation of the political system the prophet established, known as the 'rashidun caliphates'. It represented the political unity, not the theological unity of Muslims as theology was a personal matter. A "caliphate" is also a state which implements such a governmental system.
Sunni Islam dictates that the head of state, the caliph, should be selected by Shura – elected by Muslims or their representatives. Followers of Shia Islam believe the caliph should be an imam descended in a line from the Ahl al-Bayt. After the Rashidun period until 1924, caliphates, sometimes two at a single time, real and illusory, were ruled by dynasties. The first dynasty was the Umayyad. This was followed by the Abbasid, the Fatimid, and finally the Ottoman Dynasty.
The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community believe that the Ahmadiyya Caliphate etablished after the passing of the community's founder Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, is the re-establishment of the Rashdin Caliphate, as prophesized by Muhammad. The current successor to Mirza Ghulam Ahmad is Khalifatul Masih V, Mirza Masroor Ahmad residing in London, England.
The caliphate was "the core political concept of Sunni Islam, by the consensus of the Muslim majority in the early centuries."
Qur'an
The following excerpt from the Qur'an, known as the 'Istikhlaf Verse', is used by some to argue for a Quranic basis for Caliphate:
" God has promised those of you who have attained to faith and do righteous deeds that, of a certainty, He will make them Khulifa on earth, even as He caused [some of] those who lived before them to become Khulifa; and that, of a certainty, He will firmly establish for them the religion which He has been pleased to bestow on them; and that, of a certainty, He will cause their erstwhile state of fear to be replaced by a sense of security [seeing that] they worship Me [alone], not ascribing divine powers to aught beside Me. But all who, after [having understood] this, choose to deny the truth – it is they, they who are truly iniquitous!"[24:55] (Surah Al-Nur, Verse 55)
In the above verse the word Khulifa (the plural of Khalifa) has been variously translated as "successors" and "ones who accede to power".
Small subsections of Sunni Islamism argue that to govern a state by Islamic law (Shariah) is, by definition, to rule via the Caliphate, and use the following verses to sustain their claim.
So govern between the people by that which God has revealed (Islam), and follow not their vain desires, beware of them in case they seduce you from just some part of that which God has revealed to you
—[Qur'an 004:049]
O you who believe! Obey God, and obey the messenger and then those among you who are in authority; and if you have a dispute concerning any matter, refer it to God and the messenger's rulings, if you are (in truth) believers in God and the Last Day. That is better and more seemly in the end.
Originally posted by TheWalkingFox
reply to post by MasterAndrew
...Really? You would kill 1.5 billion human beings, over what amounts to a minor doctrinal difference. Not just you, but apparently whatever simpleton gave you a star.
No doubt, while you were typing this garbage, you were considering Muslims to be evil and inhuman and barbarous. The hypocrisy is astounding.
Originally posted by SimonPeter
reply to post by Thermo Klein
The Koran states YOU SHALL KILL THE INFIDEL WHERE EVER YOU SHALL FIND HIM . You people treat your women like cattle or dogs . You also use them as human shields and then open fire knowing they will get shot . Cowards!
Originally posted by Doomzilla
reply to post by DutchBigBoy
I disagree my Dutch friend _
You think the muslim countries are going to fight back ?
How ? When they are dying at the hands of American , UK and Dutch soldiers ?
This is the crusade part 2 but not over religion bro , this time its about depopulation .
I repeat the only way we will ever get freedom is if we unite as ONE race .
The elite have no allegiance to muslims OR westerners .
edit on 10-3-2011 by Doomzilla because: (no reason given)