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Named "Gladio" (Latin for double-edged sword), NATO's armies remained secret until August 1990, when then Prime Minister Giulio Andreotti confirmed Italy's participation in testimony before a Senate subcommittee investigating terrorism
The reason was quite simple. They were supposed to force these people, the Italian public, to turn to the state to ask for greater security. This is the political logic that lies behind all the massacres and the bombings which remain unpunished, because the state cannot convict itself or declare itself responsible for what happened."
In 2000, the Italian Senate was more explicit, saying:
"Those massacres, those bombs, those military actions had been organized or promoted or supported by men inside Italian state institutions and, as had been discovered more recently, by men linked to the structures of United States intelligence," meaning CIA mainly.
Former director William Colby admitted in his memoirs that covert western armies were a major CIA initiative, begun post-WW II, and restricted "to the smallest possible coterie of the most reliable people, in Washington (and) NATO" to keep the initiative secret.
"These organisations (sic) operated and continue to operate completely outside the law since they are not subject to any parliamentary control....call(ing) for a full investigation into the nature, structure, aims and all other aspects of these clandestine organisations."
Only Italy, Belgium and Switzerland did them, the GHW Bush administration not commenting when it was preparing for war against Iraq, fearing it might harm its alliance.
Gladio, however, was real, designed like Winston Churchill's British Special Operations Executive (SOE) - to help anti-Nazi resistance forces carry out insurgencies in occupied territories. After NATO's 1949 creation, the so-called Clandestine Committee of the Western Union (CCWU) was secretly integrated into its operations, by 1951 called the Clandestine Planning Committee (CPC).
Originally posted by DOADOA
are you kidding me, disbanded they will never be. actually, they run more rampant today, their numbers are probably in the millions now.
link? source? i don't have any, if i did it wouldn't be a conspiracy.
Originally posted by zeddissad2
Just today I was reading about Aldo Moro. Project Gladio is mentioned many times especially in connection with Red Brigades. I'm afraid that current state of affairs regarding such clandestine and illegal operations will (partially) surface after twenty years, when thinks little bit cool down. But IMHO it is of necessity to study such past state sponsored violations of law and common sense to understand present and future events.
Originally posted by zeddissad2
Just today I was reading about Aldo Moro. Project Gladio is mentioned many times especially in connection with Red Brigades. I'm afraid that current state of affairs regarding such clandestine and illegal operations will (partially) surface after twenty years, when thinks little bit cool down. But IMHO it is of necessity to study such past state sponsored violations of law and common sense to understand present and future events.
Evidence suggests that recruitment and operations methods differed greatly from country to country. The research project into NATO’s secret armies that is being undertaken by the Center for Security Studies at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, and is headed by myself, has collected and published the available country-specific evidence in the first English-language book on the topic, entitled NATO's Secret Armies: Operation Gladio and Terrorism in Western Europe (London and New York: Frank Cass [www.tandf.co.uk/books], 1 January 2005, 300 pages). In a second step, the project is working on gaining access to declassified primary documents, while encouraging discussion among NATO officials, secret services and military officials, and the international research community in order to clarify the strategy, training, and operations of the stay-behind armies
Originally posted by mike dangerously
Great thread,op! S&F I have that book myself and that documentary.It's frighting how far are self-proclaimed "democratic."governments will go to maintian their power.