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Somalia is in the news again. Rival gangs are shooting each other, and why? The reason is always the same: the prospect that the weak-to-invisible transitional government in Mogadishu will become a real government with actual power. The media invariably describe this prospect as a "hope." But it's a strange hope that is accompanied by violence and dread throughout the country. Somalia has done very well for itself in the 15 years since its government was eliminated. The future of peace and prosperity there depends in part on keeping one from forming.
Refugees and internally displaced persons: Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order. IDPs: 1.1 million (civil war since 1988, clan-based competition for resources) (2007)
Life expectancy at birth:
49.63 years country comparison to the world: 211
male: 47.78 years
female: 51.53 years (2010 est.)
Major infectious diseases: degree of risk: high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria, and Rift Valley fever water
contact disease: schistosomiasis
animal contact disease: rabies (2009)
Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 37.8%
male: 49.7%
female: 25.8% (2001 est.)
Terrorist operatives and armed groups in Somalia have demonstrated their intent and capability to attack air operations at Mogadishu International Airport. Kidnapping, murder, illegal roadblocks, banditry, and other violent incidents and threats to U.S. citizens and other foreigners can occur in many regions. Inter-clan and inter-factional fighting flares up with little or no warning. Unpredictable armed conflicts among rival militias are prevalent in southern Somalia, particularly in and around Mogadishu. This has resulted in the deaths of hundreds of Somali nationals and the displacement of nearly one million people.
The Sanaag and Sool Regions in eastern Somaliland, bordering on Puntland (northeastern Somalia), are particularly unsafe due to ongoing border disputes and inter-clan fighting. Lines of control in Mogadishu are unclear and frequently shift, making movement within Mogadishu extremely hazardous. There also have been several fatal attacks and violent kidnappings against international relief workers throughout Somalia, Somaliland, and Puntland. In July 2009, a U.S. relief worker was kidnapped from a Kenyan border town and held in Somalia for over two months before being released.
"We are very interested in paying taxes," says Mr Abdullahi - not a sentiment which often passes the lips of a high-flying businessman. And Mr Abdulkadir at the Global Internet Company fully agrees. "We badly need a government," he says. "Everything starts with security - the situation across the country. "All the infrastructure of the country has collapsed - education, health and roads. We need to send our staff abroad for any training." Another problem for companies engaged in the global telecoms business is paying their foreign partners.