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Exponent (consulting firm)
Exponent has been involved in the investigations of many well known incidents including ... the September 11 attacks, the 2009–2010 Toyota vehicle recalls, the crash of American Airlines Flight 587 among many other aviation accidents, and the Exxon Valdez oil spill. The Federal Emergency Management Agency also hired Exponent to examine the Oklahoma City bombing damage aftermath, specifically the damage to the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building. NASA hired Exponent in 1986 to determine the causes of the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster. In 2003, Exponent was hired by the U.S. government to investigate the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster.
According to the Los Angeles Times, "Exponent's research has come under fire from critics, including engineers, attorneys and academics who say the company tends to deliver to clients the reports they need to mount a public defense."
In 2009, the Amazon Defense Coalition criticized an Exponent study commissioned by the energy company Chevron that dumping oil waste didn't cause cancer because Chevron's largest shareholder was a director on Exponent's board. Exponent "doubted" the director knew of the study. Controversially, Exponent research argued that secondhand smoke does not cause cancer. The firm was also criticized for assisting industry efforts to reduce chromium regulation.
Toyota calls in Exponent Inc. as hired gun
Los Angeles Times
February 18, 2010 | By Ken Bensinger and Ralph Vartabedian
The California engineering firm is known for helping big corporations weather messy disputes. It denies accusations that it skews results to benefit its clients.
When some of the world's best-known companies faced disputes over secondhand smoke, toxic waste in the jungle and asbestos, they all turned to the same source for a staunch defense: Exponent Inc.
Now that same engineering and consulting firm has been hired by Toyota Motor Corp. as it seeks to fend off claims that sudden acceleration in its vehicles could be caused by problems in its electronic throttle systems.
A 56-page report that Menlo Park, Calif.-based Exponent sent to Congress on Feb. 9 found that the system behaved as intended and that Exponent was "unable to induce . . . unintended acceleration or behavior that might be a precursor to such an event."
But Exponent's research has come under fire from critics, including engineers, attorneys and academics who say the company tends to deliver to clients the reports they need to mount a public defense.
"If I were Toyota, I wouldn't have picked somebody like Exponent to do analysis," said Stanton Glantz, a cardiologist at UC San Francisco who runs a database on the tobacco industry that contains thousands of pages of Exponent research arguing, among other things, that secondhand smoke does not cause cancer. "I would have picked a firm with more of a reputation of neutrality."
...Cindy Sage, an environmental consultant in Santa Barbara who specializes in electromagnetic interference, said that much more extensive testing than described in the report would be necessary to find a potential problem.
Sage, who has faced off against Exponent witnesses on safety issues in the past, said Toyota's hiring of Exponent was telling.
"The first thing you know is that when Exponent is brought in to help a company, that company is in big trouble," she said.
On a foggy July morning in 1949, Lt. Colonel William Smith was piloting a U.S. Army B-25 bomber through New York City. He was on his way to Newark Airport in New Jersey to pick up his commanding officer, but through error and accident found himself flying over LaGuardia Airport. Because of the poor visibility, the LaGuardia tower asked him to land. But Smith persisted, requesting and receiving permission from the military to continue on to Newark. The last transmission from the LaGuardia tower to the plane was an ominous warning: “From where I’m sitting, I can’t see the top of the Empire State Building.” His plane crashed into the famous skyscraper, killing 14 and injuring 26.
As the engineers and architects of the World Trade Center Towers began their work some 30 years ago, they feared that a similar disaster could occur. So they imagined what would happen if a 707 (the largest airliner of the day) were to strike into the side of a tower and designed accordingly. Their findings: the structure would remain sound; the towers would stand. “It was more of an academic exercise at the time frankly,” says Ron Klemencic, chairman of the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, an international organization of engineering, architectural and construction professionals who help set up international guidelines for skyscraper design. “No one really thought that someone was going to crash an airplane into the side of the building.”
But those engineers could not have foreseen the awesome force unleashed by the impact of the 767s that struck the towers. The Boeing 767s used in the attacks were significantly heavier, faster and equipped with more powerful engines than a 707. The kinetic force released by a 767 (which weighs approximately 350,000 lbs) traveling at an estimated 400 mph is equivalent to the force generated by 93,333 six-thousand pound wrecking balls moving at 10 mph, according to LeRoy Alaways, Ph.D., a managing engineer in Accident Reconstruction at Exponent Failure Analysis Associates in Menlo Park, Calif.
The above graphic from Chapter 1 of FEMA's Report shows the sizes of a 707 and a 767 relative to the footprint of a WTC tower. Flight 11 and Flight 175 were Boeing 767-200s. Although a 767-200 has a slightly wider body than a 707, the two models are very similar in overall size, weight and fuel capacity.
Given the differences in cruise speeds, a 707 in normal flight would actually have more kinetic energy than a 767, despite the slightly smaller size. Note the similar fuel capacities of both aircraft. The 767s used on September 11th were estimated to be carrying about 10,000 gallons of fuel each at the time of impact, only about 40% of the capacity of a 707.
'
A NATION CHALLENGED: GROUND ZERO; Burning Diesel Is Cited in Fall Of 3rd Tower
By JAMES GLANZ and ERIC LIPTON
New York Times
Saturday, March 2, 2002
Massive structural beams that functioned as a sort of bridge to hold up the 47-story skyscraper known as 7 World Trade Center were compromised in a disastrous blaze fed by diesel fuel, leading to the building's collapse on Sept. 11, investigators have concluded in a preliminary report.
The tower was set on fire by debris from the twin towers and burned for about seven hours before collapsing in the late afternoon under previously unexplained circumstances. The analysis of its collapse is one of the first detailed findings by a team of engineers organized by the Federal Emergency Management Agency and the American Society of Civil Engineers to understand the fate of all the buildings around the site.
The team is still deliberating on how tightly it can pin down the precise train of events that led to the collapse of the twin towers themselves. But until now, the collapse of 7 World Trade has stood as one of the outstanding mysteries of the Sept. 11 attack, since before then, no modern, steel-reinforced high-rise in the United States had ever collapsed in a fire.
Videos of the 5:28 p.m. collapse of 7 World Trade lend vivid support to the truss-failure theory. Roughly 30 seconds before the building goes down, a rooftop mechanical room starts to disappear, falling into the building's core. Then a second larger rooftop room sinks. The building then quickly collapses.
Both rooms were above sections of the building held up by the trusses. Other video evidence shows fire concentrated in the floors containing the trusses and the fuel tanks.
Dr. John D. Osteraas, director of civil engineering practice, Exponent Failure Analysis Associates, in Menlo Park, Calif., reviewed videos of the collapse, discussed it with other engineers and came to a similar conclusion; the fuel, the trusses and the fire brought 7 World Trade down. ''The pieces have come together,'' he said. ''Without the fuel, I think the building would have done fine.'
Murrah Building Bombing Revisited: A Qualitative Assessment of Blast Damage and Collapse Patterns
by John D. Osteraas, F.ASCE, (Group Vice Pres. and Prin. Engr., Exponent Failure Analysis Assoc., 149 Commonwealth Dr., Menlo Park, CA 94025
On April 19, 1995, a truck loaded with an ammonium nitrate and fuel oil bomb caused collapse of fully half of the total floor area of the nine-story, reinforced concrete Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. The extent of the collapse, which extended well beyond the zone of direct structural blast damage, prompted studies of progressive/disproportionate collapse and development of new design guidelines for important buildings. While there is no question that the collapse was the result of the loss of only four columns, there is a common belief that direct blast effects destroyed three of those columns. Firsthand observation of debris, collapse patterns, damage patterns, and thousands of photographs taken during search and rescue activities at the building suggest the possibility that only one column was destroyed by direct blast effects, while the other three buckled due to loss of lateral support provided by beams and floor diaphragms that were destroyed by the blast. While the distinction may be subtle, it has significant implications for the design of tougher buildings. Specific lessons include ductile detailing, the necessity of maintaining the integrity of a three-dimensional frame, and explicit consideration of structural fuses to protect critical elements.
cedb.asce.org...
The House Select Committee investigating the JFK assassination in the late 1970s (HSCA) determined that the relative positions of the President and Governor Connally were consistent with the Single Bullet Theory, and more recent investigations by Failure Analysis Associates, Inc. (now Exponent) have confirmed this.
Originally posted by dontaskme
I'm wondering who owns/manages the company and what ties they have to the US government. I'd be willing to bet that they're tied in somewhere. TPTB doesn't hand out assignments like these to just anybody!
When some of the world's best-known companies faced disputes over secondhand smoke, toxic waste in the jungle and asbestos, they all turned to the same source for a staunch defense: Exponent Inc.
Originally posted by exponent
Hola!
I'm not sure whether I should take this as an insult or a compliment. I am not associated with this company, and if I was do you really think that I would pick this as my nickname? Please.
Originally posted by GoldenFleece
Greetings, Señor Exponent! So nice to see you. How does it feel to finally leave the 9/11 forum?
I hope for your sake you're not associated with this company or you'll be shopping that PhD for a loooong time!
encyclopedic knowledge...impressive...detailed...highly intelligent
Originally posted by bsbray11
Wow, so to get this straight.
There is a company that has "investigated" all of these events, 9/11, OKC, etc.... basically to protect large corporations from legal repercussions from these events, named "Exponent."
Originally posted by bsbray11
And, there is a self-proclaimed British "analyst" here named "exponent."
Originally posted by bsbray11
Edit to add... I suppose it's only fair to ask the man himself, if you actually said you are an "analyst," is that for the company "Exponent," exponent?
Originally posted by GoldenFleece
Asked and answered above. Exponent says if he actually worked for Exponent, do we really think he'd use Exponent as a nick?
Originally posted by bsbray11
I don't like it when people answer a question with a question.
It's a non-answer.