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Gandhi employed non-cooperation, non-violence and peaceful resistance as his "weapons" in the struggle against British. In Punjab, the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of civilians by British troops (also known as the Amritsar Massacre) caused deep trauma to the nation, leading to increased public anger and acts of violence. Gandhi criticized both the actions of the British Raj and the retaliatory violence of Indians. He authored the resolution offering condolences to British civilian victims and condemning the riots which, after initial opposition in the party, was accepted following Gandhi's emotional speech advocating his principle that all violence was evil and could not be justified.[32] But it was after the massacre and subsequent violence that Gandhi's mind focused upon obtaining complete self-government and control of all Indian government institutions, maturing soon into Swaraj or complete individual, spiritual, political independence.
In December 1921, Gandhi was invested with executive authority on behalf of the Indian National Congress. Under his leadership, the Congress was reorganized with a new constitution, with the goal of Swaraj. Membership in the party was opened to anyone prepared to pay a token fee.
SOURCE
Brigadier: You don't think we're just going to walk out of India!
Gandhi: Yes. In the end, you will walk out. Because 100,000 Englishmen simply cannot control 350 million Indians, if those Indians refuse to cooperate.
SOURCE
Non-cooperation movement
The Non-cooperation movement was a significant phase of the Indian struggle for freedom from British rule. This movement, which lasted from 1920 to 1922, was led by Mahatma Gandhi, and supported by the Indian National Congress. It aimed to resist British occupation of India through non-violent means. Protestors would refuse to buy British goods, adopt the use of local handicrafts, picket liquor shops, and try to uphold the values of Indian honor and integrity. The Gandhian ideals of ahimsa or non-violence, and his ability to rally hundreds of thousands of common citizens towards the cause of Indian independence, were first seen on a large scale in this movement.
Among the significant causes of this movement were colonial oppression, exemplified by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, economic hardships to the common man due to a large chunk of Indian wealth being exported to Britain, ruin of Indian artisans due to British factory-made goods replacing handmade goods, and popular resentment with the British over Indian soldiers dying in World War I while fighting as part of the British Army, in battles that otherwise had nothing to do with India.
The calls of early political leaders like Mohammad Ali Jinnah (who hardened his stand in the later days of the struggle), Annie Besant, Gopal Krishna Gokhale and Bal Gangadhar Tilak for home rule were accompanied only by petitions and major public meetings. They never resulted in disorder or obstruction of government services. Partly due to that, the British did not take them very seriously. The non-cooperation movement aimed to ensure that the colonial economic and power structure would be seriously challenged, and British authorities would be forced to take notice of the people's demands.
SOURCE
Originally posted by DISRAELI
reply to post by jaamaan
There's one very important difference between the Indian situation and the American situation.
In India, there was a clear and obvious distinction between Indian inhabitants and British rulers.
Originally posted by DISRAELI
People talk about 'resistance' in America- where, exactly, is your boundary line between rulers and ruled?
But keep this in mind,
rarely in history is it the case where one individual, working within a corrupt system, is the lone cause for change.
They may be the one who is celebrated later in history,
but there is usually a violent, or potentially violent force working toward the same goal as the non-violent individual.
Martin L. King came into the spotlight shortly after the assassination of Malcolm X.
The assassination of X, however, was the cause of the rise of the Black Panther Party.
During the second and third decades of the twentieth century, Jews were lobbying the Brits for a partition of Palestine.
In the background, several violent groups were also working toward that outcome, even carrying out assassinations against British royalty.
Ghandi himself advocated non-violence and civil disobedience during the Indian revolution against the Brits.
The list could go on, but the point is that while many advocate for peaceful non-violent change, the ones who seem to get the furthest have people willing to do violence operating toward the same end.
One must compliment the other.
Originally posted by Oaktree
As I've said in other threads that follow this line of thought...
But keep this in mind,
rarely in history is it the case where one individual, working within a corrupt system, is the lone cause for change.
They may be the one who is celebrated later in history,
but there is usually a violent, or potentially violent force working toward the same goal as the non-violent individual.
Martin L. King came into the spotlight shortly after the assassination of Malcolm X.
The assassination of X, however, was the cause of the rise of the Black Panther Party.
During the second and third decades of the twentieth century, Jews were lobbying the Brits for a partition of Palestine.
In the background, several violent groups were also working toward that outcome, even carrying out assassinations against British royalty.
Ghandi himself advocated non-violence and civil disobedience during the Indian revolution against the Brits.
The list could go on, but the point is that while many advocate for peaceful non-violent change, the ones who seem to get the furthest have people willing to do violence operating toward the same end.
One must compliment the other.
Brigadier: You don't think we're just going to walk out of India!
Gandhi: Yes. In the end, you will walk out. Because 100,000 Englishmen simply cannot control 350 million Indians, if those Indians refuse to cooperate.
SOURCE
Originally posted by DISRAELI
There's one very important difference between the Indian situation and the American situation.
In India, there was a clear and obvious distinction between Indian inhabitants and British rulers.
People talk about 'resistance' in America- where, exactly, is your boundary line between rulers and ruled?
Originally posted by Redwookieaz
reply to post by jaamaan
P.S. I'm stealing your thread name to use a signature as well! I hope you don't mind It is a wonderful idea that I can get behind %100. Thanks again!
Originally posted by Anti-Evil
reply to post by jaamaan
we just know there appears to be a force which is dumb enough to take on 300 million armed people.
*this is how I see it playing out -- when you get stopped by a cop and its like a death sentence - then maybe then, people will choose to shoot and go. until you start hearing these types of engagements as a plague, then I have to give them the benefit of the doubt they know the lie and they know how to avoid self destruction, and in my life, I have never seen America so polarized and so trigger happy. so, I dare anyone to go ahead and kick this thing off...