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A Norovirus outbreak is ongoing at two retirement facilities in Florida. The Alachua County Health Department announced that residents at the Atrium and Oak Hammock facilities have recently been affected by the outbreak, said the Gainesville Sun.
Of the Atrium’s 204 residents, 26 have been diagnosed with Noroviurs; eight of 52 staff have also been confirmed with suffering from the virus, said the Gainesville Sun. Visitors are being discouraged and ill patients are encouraged to remain in their rooms, added the Gainesville Sun. Of 85 residents at Oak Hammock who live in three residential group facilities, 43 have been reported as ill, as have 17 of the facility’s 70 staff, said the Gainesville Sun, which added that laboratory testing is in progress.
Anthony Dennis, the health department’s director of environmental health, said that the most recent case of suspected Norovirus was reported Friday at the Atrium and Oak Hammock saw its peak on Wednesday, according to the Gainesville Sun.
Norovirus, a group of viruses that cause gastroenteritis are not helped with antibiotics. People become infected by eating food or drinking liquids contaminated with Norovirus; touching surfaces or objects contaminated with Norovirus, and then placing their hand in their mouth; and having direct contact with another person who is infected and showing symptoms. People may feel very sick and vomit many times a day. Sometimes people are unable to drink enough liquids to replenish the liquids lost due to vomiting and diarrhea and can become dehydrated and require special medical attention.
How serious is norovirus disease?
People may feel very sick and vomit many times a day, but most people get better within 1 or 2 days, and they have no long-term health effects related to their illness. However, sometimes people are unable to drink enough liquids to replace the liquids they lost because of vomiting and diarrhea. These persons can become dehydrated (lose too much water from their body) and may need special medical attention. During norovirus infection, this problem with dehydration is usually only seen among the very young, the elderly, and people with other illness. (For more information see Is there a treatment for norovirus infection?)
Is there a treatment for norovirus infection?
There is no vaccine to prevent norovirus infection. And there is no drug to treat people who are infected with the virus. Antibiotic drugs will not help if you have norovirus infection. This is because they fight against bacteria not viruses. Norovirus illness is usually brief in people who are otherwise healthy. But, the infection can cause severe vomiting and diarrhea. This can lead to dehydration (loss of too much water from the body). During norovirus infection, young children, the elderly, and people with other illnesses are most at risk for dehydration. Symptoms of dehydration in adults and children include a decrease in urination, a dry mouth and throat, and feeling dizzy when standing up. A dehydrated child may also cry with few or no tears and be unusually sleepy or fussy. Dehydration can lead to other serious problems. And severe dehydration may require hospitalization for treatment with intravenous (IV) fluids. Thus it is important to prevent dehydration during norovirus illness. The best way to protect against dehydration is to drink plenty of liquids. The most helpful fluids for this purpose are oral rehydration fluids (ORF)*. Other drinks that do not contain caffeine or alcohol can also help with mild dehydration. However, these drinks may not replace important nutrients and minerals lost due to vomiting and diarrhea.
A study performed by scientists at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, published in the journal PLoS Pathogens (July 18, 2008), suggests that the protein MDA-5 may be the primary immune sensor that detects the presence of noroviruses in the body.[34] Interestingly, some people have common variations of the MDA-5 gene that could make them more susceptible to norovirus infection.[35]
* Norwalk virus [M87661] (Hu/NLV/NV/1968/US) * Hawaii virus [U07611] (Hu/NLV/HV/1971/US) * Snow Mountain virus [L23831] (Hu/NLV/SMV/1976/US) * Mexico virus [U22498] (Hu/NLV/MX/1989/MX) * Desert Shield virus [U04469] (Hu/NLV/DSV395/1990/SR) * Southampton virus [L07418] (Hu/NLV/SHV/1991/UK) * Lordsdale virus [X86557] (Hu/NLV/LD/1993/UK)