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Signs of retinoblastoma — which 95 percent of affected children survive if treated — include a "cat's eye" reflection in photos, a black eye in flash photos, a squint or a cloudy eye.
In a 1996 article in the Archives of Disease in Childhood, Stephenson and Bialas described how they tested the ability of physicians to define the age of various bruises. Twenty-three children with 50 accidental bruises of known age were photographed by a medical photographer who used identical lighting conditions for each photograph. Each photograph included a color scale in the background to make it easier to compare the color of the bruise with a known color. The pictures were shown to a physician who was familiar with the practice of aging bruises, but who was not aware of the actual ages of the bruises in the photographs