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Thousands of Vicks nasal sprays are being recalled amid fears they could be contaminated by a dangerous bacteria.
Routine testing in Germany showed the decongestant spray could contain the bacteria B. cepacia, which can cause serious infections in people with a weak immune system or those with underlying lung conditions.
Those infected with the germ often go on to develop pneumonia which if untreated can result in death.
More than 40,000 of the 15ml Vicks Sinex Micromist Aqueous Nasal Spray solutions have been recalled from store shelves in Britain with a further 80,000 in the U.S. and Germany.
What you should know about Burkholderia cepacia infection
March 26, 2004
About Burkholderia cepacia (B. cepacia)
B. cepacia is the name for a group or “complex” of bacteria that can be found in soil and water. B. cepacia bacteria are often resistant to common antibiotics.
Populations susceptible to B. cepacia infection
B. cepacia poses little medical risk to healthy people. However, people who have certain health problems like weakened immune systems or chronic lung diseases, particularly cystic fibrosis (CF), may be more susceptible to infections with B. cepacia. B cepacia is a known cause of infections in hospitalized patients.
Pathogenesis
BCC organisms are typically found in water and soil and can survive for prolonged periods in moist environments. Person-to-person spread has been documented; as a result, many hospitals, clinics, and camps have enacted strict isolation precautions for those infected with BCC. Infected individuals are often treated in a separate area than noninfected patients to limit spread, since BCC infection can lead to a rapid decline in lung function and result in death.
[edit]Diagnosis
Diagnosis of BCC involves culturing the bacteria from clinical specimens such as sputum or blood. BCC organisms are naturally resistant to many common antibiotics including aminoglycosides and polymyxin B.[3] and this fact is exploited in the identification of the organism.
Oxidation-fermentation polymyxin-bacitracin-lactose (OFPBL) agar contains polymyxin (which kills most gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and bacitracin (which kills most gram-positive bacteria and Neisseria species).[4][5] It also contains lactose and organisms such as BCC that ferment lactose, turn the pH indicator yellow, which helps to distinguish it from other organisms that may grow on OFPBL agar, such as Candida species, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Stenotrophomonas species, and Proteus species.
Originally posted by andy1033
This is why i use onions, just boil onions, and breath in the steam, it will clear your congestion just as good.
History
B.cepacia was discovered by Walter Burkholder in 1949 as the culprit of onion skin rot, and first described as a human pathogen in the 1950s.[10] In the 1980s, it was first recognized in individuals with cystic fibrosis, and outbreaks were associated with a 35% death rate. Burkholderia cepacia has a large genome, containing twice the amount of genetic material as E. coli.
Dr Roman Prymula
* Roman Prymula is currently Dean of Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Chair of Department of epidemiology in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic, and Professor of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (2007).
* Dr. Prymula received his medical degree from Charles University, Prague in 1988 and his PhD from Purkyne Military Medical Academy, Hradec Kralove in 1999. Dr. Prymula also studied at the University of Birmingham, UK, where he completed International Certificate in Hospital management in 1995. 1996 he became associate professor of epidemiology. He has specialization degrees in Hygiene and Epidemiology, Public Health and Medical Microbiology. From 2002-2004 he held position of rector of Purkyne Military Medical Academy.
* He is involved in various research activities in preventive medicine including clinical development of new vaccines such as rotavirus, MMR-V, pneumococcus, HPV, etc. In addition to his active research and teaching activities he serves as consultant for several national and international organizations. Dr. Prymula is a member of ECDC management board, chairman of Central European Vaccine Advisory Board (CEVAG), chairman of the Czech Advisory Board for Epidemiology and chairman of the Czech Vaccinological Society JEP.
* He has written numerous articles and book chapters on vaccine preventable infectious diseases and monographs on bioterrorism and SARS. He is also a member of the editorial board of several scientific journals.
Baxter did not issue contaminated material, they swapped one virus for another.
It was a virus to be used in testing a vaccine that was sent to 4 labs. Someone sent the avian flu sample instead of the swine flu sample
Lessons from Sverdlovsk
An incredibly small quantity of a substance
can have an enormous impact
Human error is possible
Poor communication among responders in
the aftermath of a release (intentional,
accidental, or natural) will increase
fatalities
Poor communication with the affected
community will increase fatalities
Baxter H5N1 event
contamination of an experimental
live attenuated influenza A(H3N2)
challenge virus with live A(H5N1)
virus in a commercial research
setting (Orth, Donau)
H3N2 nasal vaccine candidates in ferrets trial
Approved by Board of Ministry of Industry and
Trade (no danger pathogen)
31st Jan 2009 – Start of the trial (5+5 ferrets,
BSL2)
6th Feb 2009, 17:00 - Trial stopped on sponsor´s
request
6th Feb 2009, 18:56 – e-mail info on H5N1
contamination (section of ferrets stopped, Tamiflu
to contacts-13 exposures)
9th Feb 2009, 10:55 – End of trial and
complications reported to regional veterinary
inspection
9th Feb -10 Feb 2009 – hospital examination
of contacts
11th Feb 2009 – The first info in Austrian
press
17th Feb 2009 - ECDC recognized problem
based on monitoring of Slovakian press