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What about this then?
The prophet Isaiah, writing about 700 B.C., names Cyrus as the king who will say to Jerusalem that it shall be built and that the Temple foundation
shall be laid (Isaiah 44:28; 54:1).
At the time of Isaiah's writing, the city of Jerusalem was fully built and the entire temple was standing. Not until more than 100 years later, in
586 B.C., would the city and Temple be destroyed by King Nebuchadnezzar.
After Jerusalem was taken by the Babylonians, it was conquered by the Persians in about 539 B.C. Shortly after that, a Persian king named Cyrus gave
the decree to rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem. This was around 160 years after the prophecy of Isaiah!
Thus Isaiah predicted that a man named Cyrus, who would not be born for about a hundred years, would give the command to rebuild the Temple, which was
still standing in Isaiah's day and would not be destroyed for more than a hundred years. This prophecy is truly amazing, but it is not isolated.
There are, in fact, hundreds of prophecies which predict future events.
Daniel's Seventy Weeks
In Daniel 9:24-27, a prophecy concerning the Messiah is given in three specific parts. The first part states that at the end of 69 weeks, the Messiah
will come to Jerusalem. (Actually the 7 and 62 weeks are understood as 69 seven-year periods. For the explanation see Hoehner 69/117ff.) The starting
point of the 69 weeks is the decree to restore and rebuild Jerusalem.
Concerning the first part of the prophecy (the coming of the Messiah), Wilson explains:
Included in the prophecy of the seventy weeks is the specific prediction that from the going forth of a commandment to restore and build Jerusalem
unto Messiah the Prince, there would be sixty-nine weeks. Those weeks are weeks of years. After four hundred and eighty-three years Messiah was to
come. 133/139
Daniel 9:24-27:
Seventy weeks have been decreed for your people and your holy city, to finish the transgression, to make an end of sin, to make atonement for
iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal up vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most holy place.
So you are to know and discern that from the issuing of a decree to restore and rebuild Jerusalem until Messiah the Prince there will be seven weeks
and sixty two weeks; it will be built again, with plaza and moat, even in times of distress. Then after the sixty-two weeks the Messiah will be cut
off and have nothing, and the people of the prince who is to come will destroy the city and the sanctuary. And its end will come with a flood; even to
the end there will be war; desolations are determined. And he will make a firm covenant with the many for one week, but in the middle of the week he
will put a stop to sacrifice and grain offering; and on the wing of abominations will come one who makes desolate, even until a complete destruction,
one that is decreed, is poured out on the one who makes desolate.
Beginning of Seventy Weeks
Several commandments, or decrees, in Israel's history have been suggested as the tenninus a quo of the 483 years. These are:
1. The decree of Cyrus, 539 B.C. (Ezra 1:1-4)
2. The decree of Darius, 519 - 518 B.C. (Ezra 5:3-7)
3. The decree of Artaxerxes to Ezra, 457 B.C. (Ezra 7:11-16)
4. The decree of Artaxerxes to Nehemiah, 444 B.C. (Nehemiah 2:1-8) 68/121ff.
J. D. Wilson comments on the starting point of this prophecy:
The next decree is referred to in Nehemiah 2. It was in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes. The words of the decree are not given, but its subject
matter can easily be determined. Nehemiah hears of the desolate condition of Jerusalem. He is deeply grieved. The King asks the reason. Nehemiah
replies, "The city, the place of my fathers' sepulchers, lieth in waste and the gates thereof are consumed with fire." The king bids him make
request. He does so promptly, asking an order from the King that "I be sent to the city that I may build it." And as we read, he was sent, and he
rebuilt Jerusalem.
This decree then is the "commandment to restore and rebuild Jerusalem." There is no other decree authorizing the restoration of the city. This
decree authorizes the restoration and the book of Nehemiah tells how the work was carried on. The exigencies of their various theories have led men to
take some other decree for the terminus a quo of their calculations, but it is not apparent how any could have done so without misgivings. This decree
of Nehemiah 2 is the commandment to restore and rebuild Jerusalem; no other decree gives any permission to restore the city. All other decrees refer
to the building of the Temple and the Temple only. 133/141-42
Wilson then gives the length of the year used in the calculation of the 483 years:
The only years whose length is given in the Bible are of 360 days twelve months of 30 days each. Gen. vii 11, vii 3-4; Rev. xi, 2-3, xii, 6, xiii, 5.
It seems not unreasonable to take the period designed as 360 days. In that case the 483rd year from 444 B.C. is A.D. 33, the date of the Crucifixion.
133/143
If Daniel is correct, the time from the edict to restore and rebuild Jerusalem (Nisan 1, 444 B.C.) to the coming of the Messiah to Jerusalem is 483
years, each year equaling the 360-day year (173,880 days). Will these calculations match with history and time?
Day of Christ's Crucifixion
Hoehner demonstrates that the only logical day for Christ's crucifixion is Nisan 14, A.D. 33, or according to our calendar, April 3, A.D. 33. See
chapters IV and V of Hoehner's Chronological Aspects of the Life of Christ.
Calculation of 69 Weeks
Using the 360-day year, Hoehner calculates the terminal day of the 69 weeks of Daniel's prophecy as follows:
Multiplying the sixty-nine weeks by seven years for each week by 360 days gives a total of 173,880 days. The difference between 444 B.C. and A.D. 33
then is 476 solar years. By multiplying 476 by 365.24219879, or by 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, 45.975 seconds, one comes to 173,855 days. This
leaves only 25 days to be accounted for between 444 B.C. and A.D. 33. By adding the 25 days to March 5 (of 444 B.C.), one comes to March 30 (of A.D.
33), which was Nisan 10 in A.D. 33. This is the triumphal entry of Jesus into Jerusalem. 69/138
The terminal event of the 69 weeks is the presentation of Christ Himself to Israel as the Messiah as predicted in Zechariah 9:9. This materialized on
Monday, Nisan 10 (March 30), A.D. 33. On the following Friday, April 3, A.D. 33, Christ was crucified or "cut off' (Daniel 9:26).
After the termination of the 69 weeks and before the commencement of the 70th week, two events had to occur:
1. The "cutting off" of the Messiah.
2. The destruction of the city and the Temple.
The Temple was destroyed in A.D. 70 by Titus the Roman. Therefore, according to Daniel's prophecy, the Messiah had to come and be crucified between
March 30, A.D. 33 and A.D. 70. Christ was crucified April 3, A.D. 33.
Verification of the prophetic calculations using our calendar (Julian):
444 B.C. to A.D. 33 is 476 years. (444 plus 33 is 477, but 1 B.C. to A.D. 1 is 1 year not two. One must subtract 1 year from 477.)
476 years x 365.24219879 days results in:
173,855 days
March 5 to March 30 results in:
25 days
Total days are:
173,880 days
Historical Cities
1. Tyre (E/274-80)
Ezekiel 26 (592-570 B.C.)
There