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The Outer Space Treaty, formally known as the Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies, is a treaty that forms the basis of international space law. The treaty was opened for signature in the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union on January 27, 1967, and entered into force on October 10, 1967. As of January 2008, 99 countries are states-parties to the treaty, while another 26 have signed the treaty but have not yet completed ratification.The Outer Space Treaty represents the basic legal framework of international space law. Among its principles, it bars States Parties to the Treaty from placing nuclear weapons or any other weapons of mass destruction in orbit of Earth, installing them on the Moon or any other celestial body, or to otherwise station them in outer space. It exclusively limits the use of the Moon and other celestial bodies to peaceful purposes and expressly prohibits their use for testing weapons of any kind, conducting military maneuvers, or establishing military bases, installations, and fortifications (Art.IV). However, the Treaty does not prohibit the placement of conventional weapons in orbit.
The treaty explicitly forbids any government from claiming a celestial resource such as the Moon or a planet, since they are the Common heritage of mankind.[1] Art. II of the Treaty states, in fact, that "outer space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies, is not subject to national appropriation by claim of sovereignty, by means of use or occupation, or by any other means". The pendant for giving up sovereignty in outer space is the jurisdiction and control that the State that launches a space object retains. According to Manfred Lachs, jurisdiction and control is giving the means to the State to conduct a mission of space exploration.
Originally posted by ablue07
I read the article and it's a bunch of drivel. Hoagland is so full of himself it makes one sick. In his book Dark Mission he refers to himself as Hoagland. In ways like: and Hoaglands brilliance led to the discovery of...........etc. I think NASA is hiding stuff but Hoagland goes a little far.
Originally posted by SpaceMonkeys
tbh Im not a fan of hoagland, he claims to be this scientist who knows better than anyone else yet his theories always seem to be full of holes, yet if anyone questions it he will shout them down with his self absorbed arrogance. Hoagland always seems to make grand leaps in order to reach HIS conclusion and this article seems to be another example of this. Also Hoagland thinks that Obama is one of the good guys fighting for disclosure which shows how little he knows about the political world and how far his imagination will stretch. If there is full disclosure, it will probably be part of another of the governments sinister agendas to keep us living in fear.
Of course, Neil Armstrong will never go on public record as saying that, but the evidence does mount up.
Originally posted by whattheh
HOWEVER, that is my whole problem with the moon, the blurry black and white photos we have been spoon fed.
In 1976 we got full color panoramic pictures of mars. Still have none of the moon.
In 2008 the Japanese who build some of the best cameras on the planet sent a craft to the moon and posted "The first High Def pictures of the Moon" and they sucked. These so called high def pictures were so far away and so blurry you could see nothing.
WHY????
Why can't we see some clear color pictures of the moon?