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Originally posted by Conclusion
reply to post by Aggie Man
Could you then use the textbook definition of evolution please. I am not really to sure what the actual definition is. It could be very helpful in this thread.
In biology, evolution is change in the genetic material of a population of organisms from one generation to the next. Though changes produced in any one generation are normally small, differences accumulate with each generation and can, over time, cause substantial changes in the population, a process that can result in the emergence of new species.[1] The similarities among species suggest that all known species are descended from a common ancestor (or ancestral gene pool) through this process of gradual divergence.[2]
The basis of evolution is the genes that are passed on from generation to generation; these produce an organism's inherited traits. These traits vary within populations, with organisms showing heritable differences (variation) in their traits. Evolution itself is the product of two opposing forces: processes that constantly introduce variation, and processes that make variants either become more common or rare. New variation arises in two main ways: either from mutations in genes, or from the transfer of genes between populations and between species. New combinations of genes are also produced by genetic recombination, which can increase variation between organisms.
Two major mechanisms determine which variants will become more common or rare in a population. One is natural selection, a process that causes helpful traits (those that increase the chance of survival and reproduction) to become more common in a population and causes harmful traits to become more rare. This occurs because individuals with advantageous traits are more likely to reproduce, meaning that more individuals in the next generation will inherit these traits.[2][3] Over many generations, adaptations occur through a combination of successive, small, random changes in traits, and natural selection of the variants best-suited for their environment.[4] The other major mechanism driving evolution is genetic drift, an independent process that produces random changes in the frequency of traits in a population. Genetic drift results from the role that chance plays in whether a given trait will be passed on as individuals survive and reproduce.
Originally posted by spy66
Its not a sure thing that a strong person will survive in any situation it encounters. His survival depends on the choices that he makes from the knowledge he possesses. Humans are not borne with a survival instinct. Survival has to be thought and experienced. If we are not thought what we can eat and drink. And not to mention where to find it. Then that lack of knowledge might kill you.
Imprinted genes are monoallelically expressed in a parent-of-origin dependent manner. Whilst the full functional repertoire of these genes remains obscure, they are generally highly expressed in the brain and are often involved in fundamental neural processes. Besides influencing brain neurochemistry, imprinted genes are important in the development and function of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, key sites of neuroendocrine regulation. Moreover, imprinted genes may directly modulate hormone-dependent signalling cascades, both in the brain and elsewhere.
Much of our knowledge about imprinted gene function has come from studying knockout mice and human disorders of imprinting. One such disorder is Prader-Willi syndrome, a neuroendocrine disorder characterised by hypothalamic abnormalities and aberrant feeding behaviour. Through examining the role of imprinted genes in neuroendocrine function, it may be possible to shed light on the neurobiological basis of feeding and aspects of social behaviour and underlying cognition, and to provide insights into disorders where these functions go awry.
Originally posted by zazzafrazz
Evolutionary science is now moving from traditional text book to broader definitions.
There is indeed evidence that thought behaviours are imptinted on a cellular level and alter DNA traits. It is no longer just limited to species. But is reviewed right down to the individual.
Originally posted by spy66
Its not a sure thing that a strong person will survive in any situation it encounters. His survival depends on the choices that he makes from the knowledge he possesses. Humans are not borne with a survival instinct. Survival has to be thought and experienced. If we are not thought what we can eat and drink. And not to mention where to find it. Then that lack of knowledge might kill you.
We are indeed born with instincts. We see it from day one, a baby suckiling is a inate reflex not a learned behaviour.
What do you think sex is and and the desire to reproduce? Religion tries to control that instinct, but spreading your seed, and reproducing is a 100% natural insitinct.
Current research that I am enjoying isthat we are born with ansectral "thoughts and behaviours" imprinted on our cells.
Genomic imprinting and epigonemics.
en.wikipedia.org...
en.wikipedia.org...
Genomic imprinting has functional differences on specific genes derived from paternal versus maternal development. One is expressed, the other is silenced.
Epigonemic phenomena is well established in mice and now uncovered in primates (which we are). Paternal and maternal affect different behaviours, however, how this works in humans is yet to be studied to its fullest. Modificatoins of the human geonome imprint happens, though not enough information is out.
Imprinted genes are monoallelically expressed in a parent-of-origin dependent manner. Whilst the full functional repertoire of these genes remains obscure, they are generally highly expressed in the brain and are often involved in fundamental neural processes. Besides influencing brain neurochemistry, imprinted genes are important in the development and function of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, key sites of neuroendocrine regulation. Moreover, imprinted genes may directly modulate hormone-dependent signalling cascades, both in the brain and elsewhere.
Much of our knowledge about imprinted gene function has come from studying knockout mice and human disorders of imprinting. One such disorder is Prader-Willi syndrome, a neuroendocrine disorder characterised by hypothalamic abnormalities and aberrant feeding behaviour. Through examining the role of imprinted genes in neuroendocrine function, it may be possible to shed light on the neurobiological basis of feeding and aspects of social behaviour and underlying cognition, and to provide insights into disorders where these functions go awry.
www.epidna.com...
Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and other chromatin-remodeling events, are critically important in mediating precise neural gene regulation. This review focuses on discussing the role of DNA methylation and histone modifications in neural lineage differentiation, neural behavior, and synaptic plasticity.
www.epidna.com...
If the epigenetic changes are our current behavioural modifcations, there is the strong possibilty that previous behaviours of ancestors esp regarding food intake and obsessives, love ability, socialisation adaptability etc are in our underlying imprints.
If Epigenetic molecular mechanism alters underlying lifelong and transgenerational perpetuation of changes in gene expression and behavior induced by environment, then it is yet to be proven fully how these over time were imprinted on DNA.
This means that evolutionary changes take place on a cellular level by thoughts and resulting behaviours not just environment
[edit on 24-10-2009 by zazzafrazz]
I have been doing survival training since 1991 as a Combat Diver. I have done a lot of survival training all around the world. And i know for a fact that we are not borne with a survival instinct. Survival has to be thought and practised. I have seen it and experienced it with my own eyes. And i see it year after year when new recruits come in. They have to be thought everything. And feel what its like to be surviving. We are not borne with any instincts. But with senses and feelings. We are borne with thinking mind. And its not a instinct for us to make any right decisions based on our survival, unless you have been thought how. A kid wont know the difference between hot and cold until he burns himself. A kid wont know if a bear is dangerous until it attacks him. You people have to learn the difference between theory and practice. Or real life. They are two different worlds.
Originally posted by zazzafrazz
reply to post by spy66
I have been doing survival training since 1991 as a Combat Diver. I have done a lot of survival training all around the world. And i know for a fact that we are not borne with a survival instinct. Survival has to be thought and practised. I have seen it and experienced it with my own eyes. And i see it year after year when new recruits come in. They have to be thought everything. And feel what its like to be surviving. We are not borne with any instincts. But with senses and feelings. We are borne with thinking mind. And its not a instinct for us to make any right decisions based on our survival, unless you have been thought how. A kid wont know the difference between hot and cold until he burns himself. A kid wont know if a bear is dangerous until it attacks him. You people have to learn the difference between theory and practice. Or real life. They are two different worlds.
LOL, playing rambo the survivalist, doesnt make one a scientist.
Insitinct is a Fixed action pattern, not what you are describing.
A baby knows how to suckle its mother, this is a fixed action and pattern.
Fight or Flight adrenaline is fixed action or pattern
A male knows where to put his penis and how to use it. This is a fixed pattern or action.
Babinsi Reflex, the fanning of the toes when the foot is stroked, this is a set pattern.
The fact that children put everything in their mouths doesnt mean they are stupid, but is a human instinct, as its how they program their immune sytem. And also the insitinct to feed.
Insitinct comes from imprinting and it imprints in humans and all other biological animals or insects etc on a cellular level and enviromentally learned level.
[edit on 24-10-2009 by zazzafrazz]
Originally posted by mamana
We have evolved to adapt ourselves to suit our environment however now we have reached a point where to a large extent we are able to adapt our environment to suit us, thereby eliminating the need to evolve... perhaps that change could halt our physical evolution?