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Originally posted by SpacePunk
I'll keep using cfl's. The mercury emissions that cfl use saves exceeds the amount of mercury vapor in cfls. The whole thing has reached a level of paranoia that is ridiculous. We've been using fluorescent bulbs since the 1930's, and all of a sudden mercury in the becomes an issue? C'mon!
To encourage adoption of more efficient lamps, Defra also offered its Top 10 Light Bulb Myths:
1. They’re too expensive. Energy-efficient compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) have come down in price and will continue to do so. Some new CFLs are available at similar prices to old-fashioned bulbs (50p in some shops). Energy-efficient lamps save money, up to £3 – 6 per lamp per year according to the Energy Saving Trust, and so the payback can be seen in months. They also last longer so you don’t need to buy them as often. Halogen “look-alike” bulbs are now available to fit in standard sockets, though these lamps do not last as long as CFLs and only offer a 25 – 40 per cent savings compared to traditional bulbs.
2. They don’t fit all fittings. Yes, they do. Lamps are now much smaller than previous CFLs, and come in very similar sizes and shapes to incandescent lamps. They come in all bayonet and screw fittings now. Where fittings are really small, halogen “look-alike” lamps are available, although these do not offer the same energy savings. Dimmable versions are also available.
3. They don’t last as long as advertised. CFLs should last longer than incandescent lamps, though toward the end of life they fade over time rather than blow. Under EU legislation there will be a minimum guaranteed lifetime.
4. They take ages to warm up and give off dull light. Many lamps come on instantly and no lamp should come on later than a second or two after flicking the switch. The light now is flicker-free; although CFL bulbs used to operate at mains frequency (50Hz) they are now designed to operate at 1,000 times that frequency. The light is bright and clear, and a test conducted by the Energy Saving Trust suggests the majority of people cannot tell the difference between the light of a new CFL and an incandescent bulb.
5. They won’t save money. CFL low-energy bulbs save 80 per cent more energy compared to an old-fashioned bulb. According to the Energy Saving Trust, this can cut £3 – 6 per lamp off your energy bills.
6. I can’t recycle them. All local councils provide recycling facilities for CFLs and some retailers will take them back. Councils are looking at what they can do to make it easier to recycle these bulbs. With all new products, the end-of-life recycling can take a while to become widespread, but this is happening now and being taken very seriously by local and national government.
7. New types of bulbs raise health concerns. EU health experts have concluded there is not enough evidence to suggest modern lamps can aggravate epilepsy or migraines, but Defra and DoH have worked closely with groups representing those with specific sight- and light-sensitive skin conditions to minimise any adverse effects from the use of CFLs.
8. They contain mercury. The evidence shows that the amount of mercury in lamps is less than the mercury that would be otherwise released into the atmosphere by coal-fire power generation to produce the energy used by an incandescent lamp. The mercury cannot escape from an intact lamp and, even if the lamp should be broken, the very small amount of mercury contained in a single, modern CFL is most unlikely to cause any harm. Safe disposal tips for a smashed bulb can be found online.
9. Getting rid of old-fashioned light bulbs limits my choice. CFL bulbs are not the only ones on the markets. Halogen bulbs that fit into standard lighting sockets will remain on sale too, although these lamps don’t save as much energy as CFLs.
10. The phaseout will require me to change all my light bulbs. No one will be forced to change light bulbs or fittings, and retailers will be able to keep selling existing stocks. The EU measure, under the Eco-design for Energy-using Products Framework Directive, restricts the manufacture and import into the EU of 100-watt and frosted incandescent lamps from 1 September, with a phaseout of lamps of lower wattage by 2012.
7. New types of bulbs raise health concerns. EU health experts have concluded there is not enough evidence to suggest modern lamps can aggravate epilepsy or migraines, but Defra and DoH have worked closely with groups representing those with specific sight- and light-sensitive skin conditions to minimise any adverse effects from the use of CFLs.
8. They contain mercury. The evidence shows that the amount of mercury in lamps is less than the mercury that would be otherwise released into the atmosphere by coal-fire power generation to produce the energy used by an incandescent lamp. The mercury cannot escape from an intact lamp and, even if the lamp should be broken, the very small amount of mercury contained in a single, modern CFL is most unlikely to cause any harm. Safe disposal tips for a smashed bulb can be found online.
Toxic substance
Environmental scientist Dr David Spurgeon said: "Because these light bulbs contain small amounts of mercury they could cause a problem if they are disposed of in a normal waste-bin.
"It is possible that the mercury they contain could be released either into the air or from land-fill when they are released into the wider environment.
"That's a concern, because mercury is a well known toxic substance."
Official advice from the Department of the Environment states that if a low-energy bulb is smashed, the room needs to be vacated for at least 15 minutes.
A vacuum cleaner should not be used to clear up the debris, and care should be taken not to inhale the dust.
Instead, rubber gloves should be used, and the broken bulb put into a sealed plastic bag - which should be taken to the local council for disposal.
Unbroken used bulbs can be taken back to the retailer if the owner is a member of the Distributor Takeback Scheme.
Otherwise, many local waste disposal sites now have the facilities to safely collect and dispose of old bulbs.
However, this advice is not printed on the packaging that low-energy bulbs are sold in.
Toxicologist Dr David Ray, from the University of Nottingham, said about 6-8mg of mercury was present in a typical low-energy bulb, which he described as a "pretty small amount". "Mercury accumulates in the body - especially the brain," he said.
"The biggest danger is repeated exposure - a one off exposure is not as potentially dangerous compared to working in a light bulb factory. "If you smash one bulb then that is not too much of a hazard. However, if you broke five bulbs in a small unventilated room then you might be in short term danger."
Information campaign
Adrian Harding of the Environment Agency said: "More information does need to be made available by retailers, local authorities and the government to alert people to the best way of dealing with these products when they become waste."
Louise Molloy from the environmental group Greenpeace said that a public information campaign was needed in order to advise people how to dispose of low-energy bulbs safely.
But she added: "Rather than being worried about the mercury these light bulbs contain, the general public should be reassured that using them will actually reduce the amount of mercury overall in our atmosphere." The lighting industry and the government say the risk of mercury pollution posed by low-energy bulbs is minimal.
Kevin Verdun of the Lighting Association said: "Fluorescent strips, like the ones used in garages and kitchens, also contain mercury and have been used for many years without poisoning anyone."
But he said that warnings on how to safely dispose of smashed bulbs "might" be put on packaging in future, if the government and the public demanded it.
This month shops in the UK will begin the process of phasing out traditional tungsten bulbs as part of a government plan to completely replace them by 2011.
Ministers hope that using the more environmentally-friendly bulbs will save at least save 5m tonnes-worth of carbon dioxide emissions every year.