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Edward S. Herman and Chomsky's book Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media (1988) explores this topic in depth, presenting their "propaganda model" of the news media with numerous detailed case studies demonstrating it. According to this propaganda model, more democratic societies like the U.S. use subtle, non-violent means of control, unlike totalitarian systems, where physical force can readily be used to coerce the general population. In an often-quoted remark, Chomsky states that "propaganda is to a democracy what the bludgeon is to a totalitarian state." (Media Control)
The model attempts to explain this perceived systemic bias of the mass media in terms of structural economic causes rather than a conspiracy of people. It argues the bias derives from five "filters" that all published news must "pass through" which combine to systematically distort news coverage.
The first filter, ownership, notes that most major media outlets are owned by large corporations. The second, funding, notes that the outlets derive the majority of their funding from advertising, not readers. Thus, since they are profit-oriented businesses selling a product—readers and audiences—to other businesses (advertisers), the model would expect them to publish news which would reflect the desires and values of those businesses. In addition, the news media are dependent on government institutions and major businesses with strong biases as sources (the third filter) for much of their information. Flak, the fourth filter, refers to the various pressure groups which attack the media for supposed bias. Norms, the fifth filter, refer to the common conceptions shared by those in the profession of journalism. (Note: in the original text, published in 1988, the fifth filter was "anticommunism". However, with the fall of the Soviet Union, it has been broadened to allow for shifts in public opinion.) The model describes how the media form a decentralized and non-conspiratorial but nonetheless very powerful propaganda system, that is able to mobilize an élite consensus, frame public debate within élite perspectives and at the same time give the appearance of democratic consent.
Originally posted by wylekat
As for the class war- Why are Americans being made to be second class citizens so Mexicans have a better life? WHY are we being turned into a class of slaves , So Jose Mexicano can live it up?
I'm really not sure how to preface this video. Do I give out Chomsky's credentials? Do I say he's been published over 100 times? That he's credited as being the father of linguistics? Do I tell you that he's changed my perspective? How bout that he's almost always right?
Originally posted by Berens
reply to post by milesp
I have often heard him described as a communist. In Wikipedia, it says that, "Specifically he believes that society should be highly organized and based on democratic control of communities and work places." If this is true, I am not a fan of his brave new world. I don't want society to be highly organized. I just want the government to leave me alone to the greatest extent possible.