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Originally posted by zorgon
John Lear used to say that the gravity on the moon was greater than we have been told, and that the gravity was different on farside than it was on nearside...
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So it would appear John was right about the gravity being different on farside
Gravity anomaly: The lunar gravity field is not homogenous.
Dichotomy of the Moon: Between the near side and the far side, clear asymmetry is called the "Dichotomy of the Moon" as in the thickness of the lunar crust and the distribution of the lunar Maria.
www.jaxa.jp...
Originally posted by zorgon
reply to post by ressiv
If it did not rotate we would see all side of the moon. As we see only one side it must rotate once for every orbit around Earth
Originally posted by spikey
Taken together with all the other weird facts about the moon
Originally posted by Studenofhistory
In it, they talk about a lot of strange things about the moon. Carl Sagan was disturbed about the data from Apollo seismic equipment that suggested the moon was hollow because hollow planetary bodies don't form naturally. The moon has a whole series of unique mathematical relationships to the Earth and the sun that are not duplicated anywhere else in our solar system. It rotates at exactly 100 meters per second in order keep the same side facing us. It's exactly 400 times smaller than the sun and the sun is exactly 400 times further away. And there's a lot more that I can't recall exactly off the top of my head. I found it interesting that the repaired Hubble telescope is going to be used to look at the moon. You would think that the near side of the moon had been photographed so extensively by now that further observation would be pointless but apparently not.
Gravity changes according to elevation: it is stronger over higher elevations and weaker over lower elevations. But topography isn't the only variable that affects gravity; its strength also depends on the subsurface structure: stronger gravity is observed over an area with heavier than average materials, such as iron oxide, and weaker gravity is observed over an area with lighter rocks. Using onboard sensors and relay satellites to map local gravity all over the Moon, KAGUYA has revealed the different gravity anomalies (the differences between the observed gravity and the average gravity) on the lunar nearside and farside. By comparing the Moon's gravity distribution and topographic data, we have identified a relationship between impact basins and gravity anomalies. (On the Moon, a large crater with a diameter of more than 200 kilometers is called a basin. A plain, created when a depression (crater) has been filled by lava erupting from the interior, is called a lunar mare (plural: maria)). Although scientists had previously known about lunar gravity anomalies, KAGUYA's observation data has provided a much more detailed profile.
KAGUYA has also collected gravity anomaly data on lunar maria. On the nearside they are made up of heavy materials, and contain mascons (mass concentrations) that are positive gravity anomalies - i.e., the local gravity is stronger than average. Hypothetically, when a celestial body hit the Moon's surface, the temperature and pressure of the lunar interior increased, and the softened and easily distorted interior material pushed up the mantle, causing the eruption of high-density lava and producing a mascon. On the farside, on the other hand, there are few lunar maria. The farside has no mascons - positive gravity anomalies - but rather a number of negative gravity anomalies in craters and basins, which are all topographically round-shaped. Scientists believe that on the farside, the interior of the Moon was at lower temperatures and thus more firm. As a result, when large celestial objects impacted the Moon and impact basins were formed, there was less crustal uplift and lava eruption, and thus no density anomalies.
KAGUYA's gravity measurements suggest that approximately 4 billion years ago, when most of the Moon's impact topography (craters, basins and maria) was formed, its interior was hot on the nearside but cold on the farside, resulting in the variation in the firmness of the crust on the near and far sides.
The lunar crust is thought to have formed from cooled and solidified magma oceans, and the different firmness of the crust on the near and far sides probably derives from their different cooling speeds: the crust on the nearside kept warm for a few hundred million years after the birth of the Moon, while that on the farside cooled down quickly.
Originally posted by zorgon
So it would appear John was right about the gravity being different on farside
The farside gravity map, in contrast to the near side, is characterized by broad positive gravity regions in the highland with interspersed, localized, strong negative anomalies.