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A Long-Term Scientific Survey of the Hessdalen Phenomenon
Massimo TeodoraniCNR- Instituto di Radioastronomia/Radiotelescopi di MedicinaVia Florentina - 44406 Villafontana (BO) - Italy
Abstract - The balls of light which appear in the Hessdalen valley in Norway are exemplary of anomalous atmospheric luminous phenomena that occur frequently at some locations on Earth. The recurrence of the phenomenon and the existence of an instrumented observation station makes this area an ideal research site. The apparent correlation of luminous phenomena with magnetic perturbations, radio emission, and radar tracks found by Norwegian researchers, led some Italian physicists and engineers of the EMBLA Project to reanalyze the Norwegian data. The second step was three explorative instrumented, field-study expeditions. The behavior of the phenomenon was monitored with optical, radio, and radar techniques. The global picture of the phenomenon obtained so far shows that the phenomenon's radiant power varies, reaching values up to 19kW. These changes are caused by sudden surface variations of the illuminated area owing to the appearance of clusters of light balls that behave in a thermally self-regulated way. Apparent characterisctics consistent with a solid are strongly suspected from the study of distributions of radiant power. Other anomalous characteristics include the capability to eject smaller light balls, some unidentified frequency shift in the VLF range, and possible deposition of metallic particles. A self-consistent definitive theory of the phenomenon' nature and origin in all its aspects cannot be constructed yet quantitatively, but some of the observations can be explained by an electrochemical model for the ball-lightning phenomenon. The importance is stressed of using more sophisticated instrumentation in the future.
-from The Journal of Scientific Exploration, July 2004
The Embla project was born in 1998 as a joint research program between Istituto di Radioastronomia, Bologna, Italy and stfold College, Norway. This project is carried out by scientists and engineering students from Italy and Norway. The goal of project Embla is to study the electromagnetic behavior of the unexplained luminous phenomena occurring in the atmosphere in a remote Norwegian valley, Hessdalen. Since this phenomena shows a random type of behavior and appearance, it was necessary for scientists to establish contact with engineers that could develop fully automated surveillance systems. This program has become a big inspiration for engineering students that motivates them to combine science and engineering. The motivation is based upon the mystery that "The Hessdalen phenomena" is to science.