Criminal hackers continue to penetrate many more company networks than most administrators care to admit, according to two security experts who
offered a list of the most effective exploits used to gain entry.
Topping the list is an attack dubbed super-flexible pivoting. It abuses Linux machines connected to a network's DMZ, or demilitarized zone, to bypass
corporate firewalls and access sensitive resources on an internal network. The technique has already been used to steal vast amounts of data,
including "millions of credit cards," said Ed Skoudis, a senior security consultant for InGuardians, a security company that frequently responds to
major network breaches.
"If the bad guy can get control of one of your DMZ machines, he doesn't need to make inbound connections there anymore," Skoudis said during a
panel at the RSA security conference. "Instead, he can make outbound connections that effectively give him inbound access on your internal
network."
Another powerful exploit Skoudis is seeing frequently is the evolution of an attack known as pass the hash, which is used to penetrate Windows
servers. Windows authentication works by checking a user's cryptographic hash, rather than password. Attackers can steal the hash by exploiting a
simple unpatched browser or application vulnerability and then injecting it into the memory of the Windows box.
Skoudis was joined by Johannes Ullrich, the CTO of the SANS Internet Storm Center. Together, they presented their list of the world's most dangerous
new attack techniques and ways organizations can protect themselves against them.
"The real big problem here is user education," Ullrich told a standing-room audience. "And user education is more than going to the user and saying
don't click on it. User education also means getting your own house in order."
Too many organizations are still failing to patch applications such as Adobe's Flash and Reader, he added. In other cases, they aren't teaching
employees how to avoid social-engineering attacks on social networking sites and elsewhere.
Other dangerous exploits include:
Advances in wireless attacks, such as those that hack a client machine and then use it to connect to an access point tied to a corporate network.
Interestingly, this is easier to do with Windows Vista and Windows 7 than their predecessors, Skoudis said.
Attacks that take advantage of shortcomings in SSL, or secure sockets layer. The most glaring are SSL's focus on failed connections rather than those
that are successful and the number of banks that still use non-SSL login pages. Others include the recently demonstrated method for spoofing SSL
sessions.
Attacks against unprotected VoIP, or voice over IP, systems. Since the beginning of the year, there have been some 5,000 scans of port 5060 every day.
That's about five times the rate as in all of 2008, said Ullrich, who monitors internet activity using half a million sensors across the globe
The take-away is that admins should assume they've already been hacked.
"I believe that a determined but not necessarily well-funded attacker can pretty much break into any organization," Skoudis said. "If you think
it's less than 50 percent, I think you need to look a little more carefully."
Given the risk of injecting agents via email or internal pm systems i would be careful and on alert about any method incorporating them. Although they
only reside on your mem and unless he does a shell change you would be safe after every reboot*as mentioned above*.
Then again, you only need about 3 mins to successfully deploy agents into any server/client.