posted on Feb, 2 2009 @ 04:43 PM
and yes we do live in a holographic universe... this is being proven again and again in labs...
In string theory the electrons and quarks inside an atom are not 0-dimensional objects, but 1-dimensional strings. These strings can move and vibrate,
giving the observed particles their flavor, charge, mass and spin. The strings make closed loops unless they encounter surfaces, called D-branes,
where they can open up into one dimensional lines. The endpoints of the string can't break off the D-brane, but they can slide around on it.
Levels of magnification:
1. Macroscopic level - Matter
2. Molecular level
3. Atomic level - Protons, neutrons, and electrons
4. Subatomic level - Electron
5. Subatomic level - Quarks
6. String levelString theory is a theory of gravity, an extension of General Relativity, and the classical interpretation of the strings and branes is
that they are quantum mechanical vibrating extended charged black holes. The overarching physical insight behind string theory is the holographic
principle, which states that the description of the oscillations of the surface of a black hole must also describe the space-time around it.
Holography demands that a low-dimensional theory describing the fluctuations of a horizon will end up describing everything that can fall through,
which can be anything at all. So a theory of a black hole horizon is a theory of everything.
Finding even one consistent holographic description, a priori, seems like a long-shot, because it would be a disembodied nonlocal description of
quantum gravity. In string theory, not only is there one such description, there are several different ones, each describing fluctuations of horizons
with different charges and dimensions, and all of them logically fit together. So the same physical objects and interactions can be described by the
fluctuations of one-dimensional black hole horizons, or by three-dimensional horizons, or by zero-dimensional horizons. The fact that these different
descriptions describe the same physics is evidence that string theory is consistent.
An ordinary astronomical black hole does not have a convenient holographic description, because it has a Hawking temperature. String theories are
formulated on cold black holes, which are those which have as much charge as possible. The first holographic theory discovered described the
scattering of one-dimensional strings, tiny loops of vibrating horizon charged with a two-form vector potential which makes a charged black hole a
one-dimensional line. Fluctuations of this line horizon describe all matter, so every elementary particle can be described by a mode of oscillation of
a very small segment or loop of string. The string-length is approximately the Planck length, but can be significantly bigger when the strings are
weakly interacting.
All string theories predict the existence of degrees of freedom which are usually described as extra dimensions. Without fermions, bosonic strings can
vibrate in a flat but unstable 26-dimensional space time. In a superstring theory with fermions, the weak-coupling (no-interaction) limit describes a
flat stable 10-dimensional space time. Interacting superstring theories are best thought of as configurations of an 11 dimensional supergravity theory
called M-theory where one or more of the dimensions are curled up so that the line-extended charged black holes become long and light.
Long light strings can vibrate at different resonant frequencies, and each resonant frequency describes a different type of particle.[7] So in string
limits, any elementary particle should be thought of as a tiny vibrating line, rather than as a point. The string can vibrate in different modes just
as a guitar string can produce different notes, and every mode appears as a different particle: electron, photon, gluon, etc.
The only way in which strings can interact is by splitting and combining in a smooth way. It is impossible to introduce arbitrary extra matter, like
point particles which interact with strings by collisions, because the particles can fall into the black hole, so holography demands that it must show
up as a mode of oscillation. The only way to introduce new matter is to find gravitational backgrounds where strings can scatter consistently, or to
add boundary conditions, endpoints for the strings. Some of the backgrounds are called NS-branes, which are extreme-charged black hole sheets of
different dimensions. Other charged black-sheet backgrounds are the D-branes, which have an alternate description as planes where strings can end and
slide. When the strings are long and light, the branes are classical and heavy. In other limits where the strings become heavy, some of the branes can
become light.
Since string theory is widely believed to be a consistent theory of quantum gravity, many hope that it correctly describes our universe, making it a
theory of everything. There are known configurations which describe all the observed fundamental forces and matter but with a zero cosmological
constant and some new fields. There are other configurations with different values of the cosmological constant, which are metastable but long-lived.
This leads many to believe that there is at least one metastable solution which is quantitatively identical with the standard model, with a small
cosmological constant, which contains dark matter and a plausible mechanism for inflation. It is not yet known whether string theory has such a
solution, nor how much freedom the theory allows to choose the details. Because of this, string theory has not yet made practically falsifiable
predictions that would allow it to be experimentally tested.
The full theory does not yet have a satisfactory definition in all circumstances, since the scattering of strings is most straightforwardly defined by
a perturbation theory. The complete quantum mechanics of high dimensional branes is not easily defined, and the behavior of string theory in
cosmological settings (time-dependent backgrounds) is not fully worked out. It is also not clear if there is any principle by which string theory
selects its vacuum state, the space-time configuration which determines the properties of our Universe (see string theory landscape).