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Originally posted by Lasheic
Another point to consider, which must be answered if this theory is to hold any validity. How do we have marine fossils on the tops of mountains? Continental Drift, which accounts for phenomena like subduction, explains this - as what was once the ocean floor is being pushed up by the collision of another plate. Expansion wouldn't allow for this.
And no... it wasn't a global flood. -_-
Measurements of areas of sea floor broken up into age groups show that apparent areal global sea-floor spreading rates increase exponentially from Jurassic to Holocene time, proving that subduction has taken place in that time. The sea-floor spreading phenomenon is a coordinated global process where, at a given time, high spreading rates in one ocean basin are compensated for by low rates in another. Sea-floor spreading is symmetric within 15% over periods of 60 to 165 m.y. This study shows that both global sea-floor spreading and subduction rates have increased with the passage of time. It is estimated that during the past 165 m.y. sea-floor spreading exceeded subduction by 33%. This is interpreted as an increase of the Earth's surface area by expansion, which yields a Jurassic paleoradius of 5,668 km ± 13% (0.89 of the present radius). In spite of the high error margin, due to global extrapolation of subduction and spreading in the time dimension, an expanding earth is strongly indicated.
However, a small but persistent group of earth scientists argue that the spreading sea floors and wandering continents are best explained in terms of an expanding earth (Carey 1976, Carey 1983a, Carey 1988, Crawford 1986, Glikson 1980, King 1983, Owen 1983a, Steiner 1977). In its most radical form this model assumes that sea-floor spreading is entirely compensated by the increasing area of an expanding earth so that no subduction occurs (Carey 1976, p. 14; Carey 1988, ch. 13; Crawford 1986). Some variations on this incorporate modest subduction and collision along with the expansion of the earth (Owen 1983b). In spite of the fact that a number of times the expanding earth is said to have been discredited (Kerr 1987; Smith 1976, 1977, 1978; Wood 1979) the expanding earth remains as an alternative model to plate tectonics.
Originally posted by defendant
If I remember right, I thought, about twenty five years ago, they said the Earth was SHRINKING!
Now the Earth is GROWING! So are my socks!
Originally posted by Bspiracy
What I haven't seen disputed though is the actual puzzle piece fittings of the entire earth. It matches ALL THE WAY AROUND. Even not looking at the video, you can easily put every piece together by following the tell tale stretch marks on the ocean floor.
Not looking at the author of the video, someone please tell me how Pangaea vs this theory wins out. it doesn't look like Pangaea would win. The age of the plates also hasn't been disputed.
Originally posted by apex
I don't think Pangea is the only Super Continent ever to have existed, it's possible that the previous one could have made it look like this. Also, in the video, if you look closely at them he does overlap some things, particularly (small) islands. This is all very well, but while card may sit over other card, land masses do not work that way.
America seems in his video to not really move much, this doesn't explain East/West movement of Hot spot volcanism, eg Yellowstone, The Anahim Volcanic Belt. And with little or no subduction (according to him, it's not happening much since the pacific is growing, not shrinking), there is no explanation for any of the Ring of Fire.
The other problem with the expansion theory is that it needs the extra mass to come in and drive the expansion, as well as a lack of water apparent, unless all or most of the land is meant to be submerged at that point. Most life evolved in the oceans for a large proportion of time, so some explanation for this is definitely needed.
He fed a chicken on oats alone, the calcium content of which he had carefully measured. He then checked the calcium content in both the eggs and faeces issuing from the chicken and found the bird had produced four times as much calcium as it had ingested.
In addition, since this relies on the idea of the earth growing in the last 500 million years or so, some explanation of what the earth was doing for the previous 4 billion years of it's existence would also be handy.
Originally posted by Bspiracy
What you are referring to here are mere pimples on the face of mother earth. If you really read the links you provided, they are chock full of phrases such as "thought to be".. meaning "they" or "everyone" don't actually know.. I say the volcanoes are pimples and that's about it. A bunch of "stuff" is coursing around under the crust and is finding places to pop out..
Ok.. so the chicken doesn't explain much other than you can get something from nothing.. or actually it's possible to create elements from other elements.. an alchemist in feathers... those dern chickens. (makes me want to feed em gold.. maybe I can get 4 times as much gold back!)
How I see it is the Earth used to be a hot, magma laden and freaking horrible place to be. Now it's cooling down ( ice expands don't it? wink-wink)
Refute this at will btw.... I'm just an armchair researcher.
Originally posted by apexi]Originally posted by Bspiracy
So, a large proportion of geologists aren't entirely sure, but allow it to be mainstream, that hotspots exist. As opposed to very few geologists who claim the earth to be expanding. So on that, since no one is really sure, maybe we should leave it. But since other than an upwelling of magma nothing really explains an island chain like Hawaii, it probably is that. And if it is a hotspot, this gives evidence of traditional plate tectonics occurring there, since otherwise why would it move?
Not entirely sure that source can be described as entirely legitimate, and since so far mainstream physics is unable to modify atoms on a large scale without beams of protons or fusion, I doubt a chicken can do it. More likely some sort of reaction to external environment or something going on there. I stopped doing biology a long while ago, so I don't really know entirely.
Ice expands due to the complex nature of covalent bonds causing dipoles on the atoms in the bond, the hydrogen gets a positive charge, while the oxygen gets a negative charge, creating a nice 3D pattern with big gaps in it, causing it to be less dense than water. Metals, and just about anything else that doesn't have a large dipole system, shrinks when it cools, rather than expanding.
Originally posted by Bspiracy
I've looked at the Hawaii issue before and following mainstream science, Hawaii is moving from a older land mass toward a younger land mass to be swallowed up and regurgitated.. How much sense does that make?,
yes, but what is the main concern everyone has here..water. If we're accumulating more water due to this expansion mumbo jumbo, then you are helping to support my theory.
It explains the mystery of how the Pterodactyls would've been able to fly. Less earth would've meant less gravity. This also explains the gargantuan size of everything during that time period.
If you mean that one day the island chain will go into a subduction zone, why doesn't that make sense?
If expansion is the cause of plate movement, how did India get pushed into Eurasia to form the Himalayas? India was at one time, connected to East Africa, and even now there is a rift valley beginning to appear in E. Africa, and the Himalayas are still growing.
But it doesn't make more water. Ice only takes up more volume than water does, and that is because of hydrogen bonds. Otherwise it would sink, rather than float. What it doesn't do is make more of itself.
From what I have read in the past, it was higher levels of oxygen that enabled animals to be much larger back then.
Originally posted by Bspiracy
Because subduction means that the Earth is going into the Earth. If it's going in, why are the subduction zones younger? If a plate is pushing underneath another , wouldn't the area of subduction be older ?
Hang on...
Looking at the NOAA image (This one), for instance at South America, you have young coastal plate going under older continental plate? The plate thats going under is older than it is at the divergent boundary, so whats the problem?
[edit on 13-1-2009 by apex]